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縄 文 人 と弥 生 人 の動 物 観
https://doi.org/10.15024/00000715
https://doi.org/10.15024/0000071556ae37a5-d851-4a83-b0b5-755c8a43b99c
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kenkyuhokoku_061_05.pdf (1.2 MB)
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| 2016-04-01 | ||||||||||||
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| タイトル | Differences of Concept of Animals between the Jōmon People and the Yayoi People | |||||||||||
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| http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | ||||||||||||
| departmental bulletin paper | ||||||||||||
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10.15024/00000715 | |||||||||||
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ニシモト, トヨヒロ |
× Nishimoto, Toyohiro
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Nishimoto, Toyohiro |
まず
At first, they had only dogs as domestic animals in the Jōmon Period, and these dogs were for hunting purpose. In the Yayoi Period, they kept pigs and fowls as well as dogs. In this period, dogs were not only for hunting, but also used for food. Because of this, the dogs in the Jōmon Period were buried, but they were scarcely buried in the Yayoi Period.
Secondly, regarding the ceremonial use of animals, there is little evidence left that they used animals in such ceremonial events in the Jōmon Period. On the other hand, in the Yayoi Period, they used pigs in some of the agricultural ceremonies. They used pigs not only for food, but also for animal sacrifice. Although the pigs were not always handled in ceremonial ways, a lot of mandibles drilled with a hole in the ramus have been excavated, and there were some instances where they were excavated in such condition that a wooden rod was sticking in the hole. Regarding the boars in the Jōmon Period, there is no instance where their mandibles had a hole. This way of treating the bones started in the Yayoi Period.
Thirdly, some dozen instances of wild boar-shaped clay figurines of the Jōmon Period have been excavated, but there were no deer-shaped clay figurines. Deer and wild boars were mainly hunted in the Jōmon Period and almost the same number of them were captured. However, the condition of excavated clay figurines shows a great difference. In the Yayoi Period, there are no wild boar-shaped clay figurines left, perhaps because the tradition of clay figurines itself disappeared. However, regarding the drawings on the pottery and Doutaku (big ceremonial bronze bell), deer are more usual than wild boars. In such ways, the craft works and design in the Jōmon Period and the Yayoi Period are very different.
Above all, I considered the differences in handling animals at three aspects between the Jōmon Period and Yayoi Period. When I note these differences, I conclude that not only the concept of an animal but also the value-judgment about how to deal with animals were different in the Jōmon Period from what they were in the Yayoi Period. It is reasonable to say that these differences show not only a change of subsistence from hunting, fishing and gathering to that of agriculture, but also great changes in the whole society. It is not too much to say that the Yayoi society was the result of many agricultural people with totally different senses of value coming over to Japan from the Korean peninsula.
en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History
