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1 ben

Cite this: eDIL s.v. 1 ben or dil.ie/5644
Last Revised: 2019

 

Forms: bean, bean, bein, mnái, mna, mnāi, mnai, mná, mnaa, bein, mnáoi, mná, mnaa, mná, mn, mban, ban, mnaibh, mnáib, mnaib, mnaaib, mnaibh, mhnaoi, mnai, ban-, banab, -aigne, -airchinnech

n ā, f. GOI §§ 190 , 291 , Lohmann ZCP xix 63. bean aithnidh, f., IGT Decl. § 170. See also Ériu xvii 108.

I

(a) woman : n s. in b.¤ , Wb. 11c14 , Imr. Brain 1 , PH 5720. bean, CCath. 1140. in bhean, Duan. F. ii 130 § 23. v s. a b.¤ , LU 3420 ( SCC 19 ). a s. bein ( KZ xlviii 65 ), Laws ii 382.15 ( Stud. in E. Ir. Law 49 § 23 ), Metr. Dinds. iv 178.w (: Celetir), Ériu vi 136.78 , Auraic. 1835. mnái gl. mulierem, Wb. 10a10 , Imr. Brain 2 , CCath. 1141. mna, Críth G. 125 , mnāi, ACL iii 308.13 , mnai, Trip. 86.24 . g s. mná, Críth G. 124 , Imr. Brain 26 , PH 857. mnaa, LL 7558 , TSh. 5773. d s. bein, Auraic. 1833 , 5020 . mnáoi, Mon. Tall. 143.10 . n pl. mná (monosyll.), Imr. Brain 41. mnaa (monosyll.), LL 44. mná, TSh. 5718. a pl. mn, LU 8265 ( FB 21 ). g pl. mban gl. mulieres, Wb. 22c10 . ban, Ml. 65c16 . d pl. `somet. disyllabic in verse,' GOI § 291 , mnaibh (disyll.), Blathm. 586. mnáib, LU 3266 ( SCC 6 ), RC xiii 36 § 2. mnaib (monosyll.), LU 3950 ( SCC 44 ). mnaaib, LL 2919. mnaibh, ZCP xvi 225.4 . n du. dī mnái, Cáin Ad. 25. dá mhnaoi , Dán Dé iii 15 . di mnai dec, BCrólige 32 .

As dist. from a virgin: ni finntar in b.¤ fa nac si, Ir. Recht 5 § 3 . femen . . . .i. femur .i. sliasat, air is and is b.¤-si intan fognaithir dia sliasait, Auraic. 609. Of a bird: ben a lleinn co londath, Murphy Lyrics 10 § 10 , Ériu xxii 51 .

(b) With following defining word. With adj.: b.¤ gáelmar, see gáelmar. b.¤ uasal `a lady', BNnÉ 121 § 56 . With part. b.¤ pósta. With gen. of definition or description: b.¤ áirge woman of the milking place, dairymaid : in b.¤ airge, Ir. Recht 9 § 11. b.¤ aititen, see aititiu. b.¤ chengail wife: nach béidh fear ’gā mhnaoi cheangail, Celtica iv 109 § 10 . b.¤ crislaig: is i in b.¤ c. .i. is le fein in coimpert sin (lit.) woman of the womb, Laws v 202.13 Comm. See crislach. b.¤ chraí (chruí) the wife of a deceased relative; a forbidden woman: nír ben chrábaid ach ben chraí `not a holy wife but an unlawful one´ Celtica x 105 § 3 . ’na grádaig mnaí craí ná col `do not love a woman forbidden to you´ 105 § 5 . ro bui inna mnoí crui, icá derbrathair … conid hi sin cetben crui ro hincrechadh riamh, 111 (King’s Inns MS. 10) . ar a bith ben crui .i. oca derbrathair, ibid. (NLS MS. 72.1.5) . b.¤ chuil (cholach) : ’na grádaig mnaí craí ná col `do not love a woman forbidden to you´ Celtica x 105 § 5 . dā ccionntuighthea ré mnaoi chuil, Mac Aingil 3002 . ben chuil 'concubine', PH 867 . mna cúil ┐ cairdeasa dionnarbhadh ó fheraibh 'to put away concubines and lemans from men', AFM ii 1100z (s.a. 1152) . mnai cuínnceda betrothed woman, BB 442b4 . an bhean chuinghedha, IGT Decl. ex. 1198. b.¤ ḟir married woman: fóemad serce a mban fer, Ériu lix 70 . b.¤ ḟúataig an abducted woman (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 90 ). b.¤ gáeil kins-woman : is í a b.¤ gáeil fen phósas, PH 7790. See 1 gáel. b.¤ grésa embroidress : coeca ban [n]gressa is ferr bói a nEirinn `sempstress' (Gloss.), Acall. 5537. See 1 grés. b.¤ imtha see immad. b.¤ oéntama single, unmarried woman (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 107.10 ). slān slithi mnā oēntama `immunity for overcoming a single woman by stealth' ( Stud. in E. Ir. Law 107.13 ), ZCP xv 351 § 40. See oentam, 1 oentama. b.¤ síde, see 1 síd. b.¤ tanaisi lanamnusa `second [subordinate] woman of union', BCrólige 56 . ag mnaoi Mháighe by the lady of the Maigue, DDána 99.37 .

(c) In g s. with prec. noun female, -ess, etc.: aoighe mná nách mair a fear `a stranger woman', TD 11.32 . dalta mna `a foster-daughter', BNnÉ 120.16 . Bóann, fāigh mnā prophetess, ZCP xiii 166.9 . ni thaghuill b.¤ no leanobh og mna a reileg `no woman or young female child', Mart. Don. 400.25 .

II wife : mo bensa `my wife', Sg. 61b14 . Tea b.¤ Ermoin meic Milid, Thes. ii 314.24 . leth díri cach gráid túaithe fora mnaí, Críth G. 125. cetharda[e] ndíllat(a) leis ┐ a ben `he and his wife have' (note), 199 . orca[e] lia be[i]n, 408 . coblaith dia mnai fri bein in rig equal rank with the king's wife for his wife, Ériu vi 136.14 . b.¤ dagḟir, LL 7554. ro theacht mhnaoi a dhingbhāla `he had a worthy wife', Fl. Earls 132.22 . tré mhnaoi Thighearnáin Uí Ruairc do bhreith leis, TSh. 5471.

Compds. ban- is the normal composition form (for gender of compds. see GOI § 254 , O'Rahilly, Ériu ix 16 ff.). When prefixed to a noun (1) denoting a male person or animal it makes a corresponding female form; (2) it has adj. force and means female, pertaining to a woman .

With nouns. ¤abb abbess : banab gl. abatissa, Ir. Gl. 22. Finnguala . . . banab Chille Craebnat, Ann. Conn. 1301.2 . banab m., IGT Decl. § 21 , g s. an banabadh, ex. 788 . mar bhanabaidh ndlighthigh `Abbesse', RSClára 98a . ¤accaid (see aiccid) female tenant, farmer : (contemptuously of Medb) cid ra mer in cali ┐ in b.¤ , TBC-LL¹ 1934. ? ¤aicde woman's handiwork : ar cirtha adbullom banaicdigh, Laws ii 394.10 Comm. banaicidh (but leg. -aicdi, Stud. in E. Ir. Law, 35.1) uaidhsiumh `feminine implements' (supplied by her husband to the woman worker described as a beccdéntaid), Laws ii 410.22 Comm. ¤aiced (collect. cf. prec.) woman's implements, tools : comad urlam a frichnam ac ban-aicidhibh, O'Curry 661 (H.3.18, 323). ¤aided woman's death (i.e. in child-birth): cen mna décaib de banaidid, Dinds. 161. -aigne female advocate: mar bhanaighne is ort anaim, PBocht 14.36 . -airchinnech female erenagh ; abbess : b.¤ gl. antesta, antestita, Sg. 66a17 . tanic an banairchindeach do béin cluig, YBL 1a19 . co banairchinnig Lainne, BColm. 26 § 28. b.¤ na hecalsa `prioress', Lism. L. 1436. ¤airfitech female musician : banairfidech Thíre Tairnngaire uli hí, Acall. 7205. ¤airle woman's counsel : Adham Samson Solum rí / romersat a mbanairlí, Ériu ii 229.9 . (in rhetoric) b.¤ betha (báetha, LU) nacha auchaide heed not the foolish words of women, TBC-I¹ 2092. ¤aite: ó bhanoide na gcuradh .i. Scáthach `instructress', Keat. ii 3390. ¤aitire: b.¤ tainic tar cend banbidbad (sic leg.) re laim a banfecheman and `a female surety', Laws i 148.24 Comm. apad naile ┐ anadh naile o ban etere for banbidhbaidh, O'Curry 988 (H. 3.18 424b) = Laws i 148.28 Comm. ¤ammait witch, hag (with magic power): robai banamaid i tig in rig . . . ┐ dobert a mathair Corc for faesam na hamaide, BB 251a35 . ¤amus woman-servant, female hireling: mad feramus nó b.¤ noda-mela (of grinding with a quern on Sunday), Ériu ii 204.22 . b., a folac a incaib maicc no celi `a hired woman', Ériu xii 85 § 4. mac banamsa, ZCP xvi 215.33 . rucus comaltar do banamuis, xv 310 § 6 . sóeramais ┐ banamais ic roind ┐ ic dáil dóib, Ériu iv 124.27 . ¤augra: máth b.¤ co sārtairbirt trī muilt ind `a fight among women', Cáin Ad. 44. ¤augtar: Bridhe banughdar, Keat. iii 498.

¤breth female judgment, judgment of (concerning ?) women: banbrethaib glossed bretha ban, O'Dav. 994. b.¤ briugu female briugu EIF 417 : batir banbrugaid sōn, Corm. Y 87.12 (§1018) . Becnait banbhrugaid ainm (na) mná maithe si, Acall. 1876 . ¤búachaill herdswoman: sech ba bard, ba b.¤ , Metr. Dinds. iv 22.20 .

¤cháem: banchōem de Alpa female noble, Celtica iii 182.3 . ¤chaingen female question, case: nocha n-ē an banc[h]aingen / berar ar cúl, ZCP viii 216.32 . ¤cháinte female satirist, lampooner: ba banchainte (viz. Lebarcham), IT i 71.12 ( LMU 6 ). cont-ric fri Richis mbancháinti, MU² 1029 ( LU 1528 ). a comlebaid na banchainti, Cóir Anm. 54. ¤chara woman friend: do uc Mane banscál n-alachtai b.¤ dó `a concubine of his', Trip. 86.19 . b.¤ in dorchaduis (= amica tenebrarum, ed.), Aisl. Tond. 95 § 2. bretha in mac . . . cúa bancharait, LU 1663 ( RC ix 454.10 ). ¤chath: conid b.¤ Rochada insin `Rochad's Woman-fight' (Faraday), LU 5945 ( bān-, TBC-I¹ 1479 ). ¤chéile female companion, mate, wife: a bancheli díngbala diabuil, PH 8175. as i fa banchele dó .i. Eithne Taebhḟada his wife (of a king), Ériu iii 150 § 1. ¤chenn female ruler: (of B.V.M.) tú bain-cheann brogha nimhe, A. Ó Dálaigh xi 5. ¤chimbid female captive: co mbanchimidh lais i n-ergabhail, Anecd. ii 12.15 . ¤chlíamain female relative-in-law: a bhainchlíamhuin Sárai bean a mhic Abram = daughter in law, Gen. xi 31. go ma malluigh an té luighios léna bhainchlíamhuin = mother in law, Deuteronomy xxvii 23. ¤choairt female land-holder: b.¤ mnā, ZCP vii 300.2 . ¤choic female cook: bancoig gl. presena (sic), Ir. Gl. 247. atgnīed cach b.¤ dībh a būaraigh, ZCP vii 300.9 . ¤choimdiu female ruler, mistress, lady: inna banchoimded gl. dominatricis, Ml. 84c4 . isin banchoimdid gl. in domina, 129c7 . ¤choimétaid ( ¤aige) female guardian, custodian: a bhuime ┐ a bhancoimedaidhe, BNnÉ 192 § 9.5 . banchoimedaith do chiraib ┐ do clioirib `keeper of . . . combs and caskets', Dinds. 80. See banchola. ¤chomairlid female adviser; woman councillor: banflatha ┐ banchomairlighe, Anecd. ii 64.7 . ¤chomarba heiress (see Stud. in E. Ir. Law 103 f .) glossing be togai: .i. b.¤ las-mbi fer for bantinchur, Ir. Recht 8 § 9. female coarb, successor (as head of religious community): bancomurba Brighdi, RC xviii 31.30 . ¤chorr female heron: in b.¤ , Triads 237 . ¤chró: lánéraic a mb.¤ of their female stock, Cáin Ad. 29. ¤chú bitch: ba banc[h]ú tra in t-orci ┐ ba torrach, Corm. Y 883.39 . b.¤chuire woman-troop: cichit biet b.¤chuire, Études Celt. xv 539 . ¤chumal bondwoman: b.¤ dit muntir atamchomnaic, LL 7749 ( TBC-LL¹ 219 ). ro gonais cride . . . do banchumale fen, LB 233a58 .

¤dálem waitress: b.¤ gl. caupona, Sg. 63a3 (see Études Celt. xi 128 ). ¤dalta: ónmid b.¤ doib a female ward, ZCP viii 308.31 . ¤dechon see dechon. ¤día goddess: Brigit . . . bandēa no adratis filid . . . eam deam uocant poetarum , Corm. Y 150. bándǽ iffirnn gl. Parcas, Sg. 53b1 . Ceres bandea hetho, 60a4 . bandia Cimodocia `the goddess Cymodoce', Aen. 2410. a meic na baindea, 2411 . ¤deiscipul female disciple: doronai Patraic combo bandescipul dó, Trip. 178.11 . ¤delb: nói mbain-delba (-delbda, (mná) remhra, v.ll.) dluth-chóema `nine female forms', Metr. Dinds. ii 28.4 . ¤deoraid woman-stranger, woman outsider: cumad miach sliged do bandeoraidh, Laws ii 390.26 Comm . Fig. (of a flag) bratach mheic éachtaigh Eoghain / minic bhíos n-a baindeoraidh, DDána 85.7 . ¤dialt feminine declension, Auraic. 1830. ¤druí druidess; female skilled in magic arts: tri ferdruid ┐ tri bandrúid , TBC-LL¹ 2402 = dī (leg. tri) drúid insin ┐ a teóra mná, TBC-I¹ 1767. bandrai ┐ bancumachtach mē, ZCP xii 252.14 . a mhaca na bandrúagh = of the sorceress, Isaiah lvii 3.

¤ech mare: (description of a camel) anmann iongantach . . . ionsamhail bhaineich, AFM iv 1080.11 . ¤echlach female horse-messenger: cuiris E. a baineachlach arcend Meadba co Cruachain `female messenger', Ériu ii 178.20 . ¤écht: ni dernnsat banechta ban `have never committed woman-slaughter', MR 212.9 . gan bainéacht do dhéanamh lé `not to slay a woman with it' (one of three `geasa' on a spear), Keat. ii 4389. ¤éices poetess: baneices, LL 1110. ¤én hen bird: ise in mintan cid banen (i.e. the word `mintan' is masc. though it denotes a female bird), Auraic. 541. ¤ernastaid female spouse, wife: (in spiritual sense of Christ and the Church) in fáilte fil do'nd ernastaid spirutalda i n-a mb.¤ , PH 3987. ba sí síur ind Oedha roba bainernustaidh don tí Niall `Hugh's sister was N.'s wife', Hugh Roe 252.2 . ¤esba woman's wantonness: condot ellat / eter briga banespa, LU 3525 ( SCC 28 ).

¤ḟáith, ¤ḟáid woman seer, prophetess: a Feidélm banḟaith co acci in slúag?, LU 4530 ( TBC-I¹ 43 ). Feidelm banḟáid . . . atamchomnaicse, LL 7750. M. bhanfháigh, Exodus xv 20. ¤ḟéinnid woman warrior, amazon: N. . . . ro bith and la hE. mbanfeinded `E. the championess', Dinds. 105. na banḟéndi, TTr.² 1698 . ¤ḟeis(s) see banais. ¤ḟigige woman weaver: bacan na bainfighidh, BNnÉ 191.4 . ¤ḟili poetess: Fedelm banfili do Chonnachtaib mo ainmsea, LU 4525 (TBC). Quies Huallaige . . . banḟile Herend, Ann. Inisf. 934. ¤ḟlaith princess, sovereign lady: banflaith .i. ben . . . amal Meidb Cruachna, Ir. Recht 4 § 1. iar nairdbiu inna banflatha sin gl. Athalia, `queen', Ml. 14a2 . ¤ḟuine baking, kneading done for a woman hence (in opp. to fer-ḟuine) baking of a smaller size, quantity or measure: ceitheora bairgena fichet do banfuine, ZCP xiv 356.7 .

¤gaiscedach female champion: banghaisgedach do mhuinn- tir Ghuill, ML² 412. ¤gal woman's feat of arms: b.¤ (sic leg., ed.) banuallach and-so ale, TBC-LL¹ 4312 ( LL 11116 ). ¤galgat female champion: for slicht na bangalgaite, Airne F. 29. ¤geis: nā gabaidh na baingesa let them not touch forbidden things (i.e. have dealings with a woman), ZCP xii 394.4 . ¤gíall female hostage: (of Mary) ba bangīall (sic leg.: Gabhrīal) Rīgh in rīchidh, ZCP viii 562 § 3. ¤glór: tuath-bhanglór tásclabartha troch `perverse woman-like talk', MR 294.21 . ¤gním: do chuaidh b.¤ tar fergním ag C. the action of a female overcame C.'s action of a male, Comp. CC 116.13 . With 1 grád female rank: teora cumhala cach bangradh do neach is ingen graidh sechta, O'D. 2397 ( Rawl. B 506, 49 ). With 2 grád love for a woman: laigi fri b.¤ , LU 3590 ( SCC 30 ). ¤grés woman's work, needlework; in comic name: Brecan mac Bangresa, Anecd. ii 55.15 . Cf. baingrésach, Acall. 5537 v.l. ¤Gúaire female counterpart of G.: a bhanGhuaire Chláir Chormaic, Dánta Gr. 16.24 .

¤impir empress: do chúala in bhainimpir sin .i. Saphia, ZCP xiii 181.27 . ¤inne women's mind, intuition (?): tic b.¤ don banmíl, LL 375a43 . ¤insce, ¤innsgne feminine gender: gach banindsci, Corm. Y 1219. ferinnsci ┐ banninsci (banindsge, 3024 YBL) . . . lasin nGaidel .i. mascul ┐ femen . . . lasin Laitneoir, Auraic. 521. gobhar gabhar . . . indscne bainindsci innta they take a feminine pronoun, IGT Decl. § 17.23 (usually contracted to b.¤ ).

¤ auspicious day for women: trí banlae: lúan, mairt, cétaín, Triads 216 . Cf. trí ferlae, 217 . ¤leiccerd, ¤lethcerd poetess (see leiccerd): Etan ingen Dīancēcht, banlethcerd ( bannlicerd, Corm. 37 ), Corm. Y 537 . Cf. -éices supra. do Sampait . . . buachail dī ┐ banlicerd isen, BB 393a46 ( Dinds. 86 ). Cf. (of S.) sech ba bard, ba ban-búachail, Metr. Dinds. iv 22.20 . co comfarnaic frie Gris banliccerd ingen Ricisi, BB 368a25 . ¤lennán mistress: at banlendan ┐ at menmarc fer n-domain uli, LU 8237 ( FB 18 ). a baínleandan ┐ a mnai cuínnceda, BB 442b4 . luidh i riocht bain-leandain Conoinn, Leb. Gab.(i) 82.6 . ¤léo, léoman lioness: banleu, Études Celt. xi 125. fer-léo ┐ bain-leo, BNnÉ 84 § 171 . dealbh bhainleomhain, Keat. iii 2002. ¤liaig woman physician, leech; A. b.¤ (daughter of Dian Cécht), LL 1110.

¤mac(c), ¤mac(c)án female infant, a girl-child (see O'Rahilly, Ériu ix 16 ff .): it brestai in bainmaicc `the woman-children', Fél. July 20 . intan asberar ise (= is é) in banmhac-sa (of a masc. noun used for a female), Auraic. 531. Lende banmac ben ba Tuathail / . . . / Báne a hainm, LL 4888. dia mbad missi in banmacan, / nocechrainn cach faelmacan, Auraic. 533 (= banmacam, 3163 ). ¤máer: banmhaor . . . ag tabach na cána soin seachnóin Éireann `a female steward', Keat. i 182.3 . ¤maigister: ingena . . . ┐ do bí banmaighister accu `a governess', Fier. 93. ¤mug bondwoman: cride . . . do ban- chumale fen ┐ do banmogad, LB 233a58 . caoca fermhogh ┐ caoca banmhogh, BS 104.31 .

¤náma(e) female enemy: bannamae gl. inimica, Ml. 26a4 . a bannámu diabuil, PH 8327. ¤noéb(-m) holy woman, female saint: sarucchadh na bannaoimhe, AFM v 1668.7 . ag naomh nó ag bannaomh, TSh. 1048.

¤óclach: go léigfeadh . . . gach uile dhuine a bhanóglach sáor = maidservant , Jeremiah xxxiv 9. amhail banóglaoich, Keat. ii 4699. ¤óg virgin , BNnÉ 189 § 38 . ro tuirn ar mullach cinn na banóighi 'alighted on top of the virgin's head', Ev.Inf. (LFF) 187 § 37 . do-ṡaoileadar . . . gur loisgeadh an banoigh ionrac, Ériu v 76.30 . tar an mbanoigh, 32 . ¤oígi: banoegi (banogi, MS.) `female guest', Sg. 66a15 . ¤othrus: annsom i mbrithemnacht otrusa la Fēne banotrus `nursing of women', BCrólige 30 .

¤rechtaire: rechtairi ┐ banrechtairi . . . ic dáil dóib side ` stewardesses ', Ériu iv 124.19 . dís bhanrachtaireadha `two dairymaids', ITS xvi 118.1 . ¤ríga(i)n queen: is si robad banrígan in chóicid uli, LU 8259 ( FB 20 ). inghean rígh thír na mbéo / is bainríoghain fós, Oss. iv 250.10 . ¤rígnacht queenship: b.¤ úas bantrocht, LU 8231 ( FB 17 ). ? ¤rothán: banrothan (: ¤ṡrothán ?) (name of a metrical stanza), IT iii 101 § 181. -rún: ni dat maithe banrúna, IT i 123.18 . ( TE 9 Eg.)

¤ṡáer: bansaer `a woman wright', BCrólige 32 . -ṡacart priestess: bansagart Iunaindi iside, Aen. 1673. ¤ṡégonn, ¤ṡégainn a distinguished, accomplished lady; consort of a ségainn: manad-fuil . . . nac mbainsedoind lib-si nad gubansedonn (Find asks Cormac for a bride), ZCP xiii 268.19 . cach rí cona rígain, . . . cach ségaind cona banshégaind, MU² 198 . ¤ṡéitig ( ¤ṡéitche) wife: is ecoir do sailisi misi d'fhaghail do bainseitci `as wife', ZCP vi 26.22 . ¤ṡelgaire huntress: i ndelb bansealgairi (viz. Venus), Aen. 293. ¤ṡenchas history, traditions of (celebrated) women: b., buidne, bága (recited at the Fair of Carmun), Metr. Dinds. iii 20.15 . bainṡenchas Erind anso siss, BB 282a11 (title. See RC xlvii 282 ). Leabhar Bainseanchuis, Keat. i 80.5 . ¤tṡeomratóir, ¤ṡeomróir female chamberlain: do goir cuice a bainseomróir (bantṡeomradoír, v.l.), Fier. 92. ¤ṡídaige female dweller in a síd, fairy woman: is é dochoid in n-ectra . . . re Náir b.¤ , LL 2898. conid si aided Moingfinde bansidaige `so this is the death of M. the Banshee', RC xxiv 178.18 . ¤ṡlecht: co hAth mbannslechta to the Ford of Woman-Slaughter, Ériu v 212 n. 92 - 96 .

¤tairchetlaid prophetess: bantaircetlaid Críst (said of St. Brigit), Lism. L. 1704 . ¤tairngertaid prophetess: is hī seo bantairrngertaig Chrīst, ZCP xii 293.31 . ¤tairismid: banterismid gl. obstetrix, Sg. 69a18 . bantairsi (leg. tairismidi?), Lism. L. 1201. ¤tellach: techta cach banteallaig `every woman's entry', Laws iv 8.22 . dethbir in baintellaigh ┐ in feartellaigh .i. anus dechmuide dfir anus cethruime do mnaoi, 14.22 Comm. ¤teolaid see teolaid. ¤tigerna lady; mistress; female ruler: b.¤ Clainni Connmaig re linn tri tigerna `Lady of Clanconway' (first as wife and then as Dowager, n. 3), Ann. Conn. 1411.30 . dobudh baintighearna dhó féin (the soul) that was his (i.e. the body's) own mistress, TSh. 9678. an sólās do bhí ar ar mbaintighearna ghlórmuir (viz. Muire), Parrth. Anma 3792. uinge dor ag an mBaintiagarnain . . . a neaghmais amantuir Tiarna; ┐ tri huinge san mbliaghain do chios Bantiarnain . . . a neaghmais, etc. `Lady's rent', Trans. RIA xv 43.z , 44.2 . ¤tinchor the property brought by a woman on marrying: fer for bantincur, Laws ii 356.7 . acht do bithsiu ar bantincur mnaa supported by a woman, LL 7558. ¤tindnacul = prec. ? fer ratchuir ar bantidnacul mna who has made you dependent on a woman's bounty, LL 12250 ( TBC-LL¹ 5998 ). ¤toísech: bantaisech ingenraid[e] na Cruachnai ` chieftainess ', Dinds. 80. ¤trebthach see baintrebthach. ¤túath: ag na bantuathaibh seo bhádar an dá ríoghdhámh `noble females', Keat. i 218.16 . ¤túathaid (supernatural) woman with magic power: ar ba cumachtach sidhe ┐ bantuathaíd cen bai a colaind, BB 264a7 ( SG 332.9 ). ¤tuilg (a d s.) applied (? only) to wife, consort of a briugu: (of Feast of Tara) ni teded dia hol . . . brudidh gin bantuilg leis, ZCP xiii 260.14 . briuga cin bantuilcc, 268.13 . cach briugu cona bantuilg each hospitaller with his consort, MU² 196.

¤úa female descendant: ag banua Iarla Uladh, DDána 99.10 . banua niece Plunkett s.v. neptis , Celtica xix 138 .

With adjj. derived from nouns: ¤éccoscda of womanly kind, form: onni as feminina, femina .i. banda no banecoscda, Auraic. 612. ¤gnéthech(-ach): bangnethach no bangnimach `of womanly activities', Auraic. 612. ¤úallach: (of a woman's feat of arms) bangal (sic leg., ed.) banuallach and-so ale, TBC-LL¹ 4312 ( LL 11116 ). As subst. ¤áirgech milkmaid: an bhanairgheach, BS 177.27 . ar na cocairibh ┐ banairghibh `dairy-maids', Rule of Tallaght 8.12 . ¤bachlach gl. leno, Sg. 52a5 . pn As epithet: ¤Bretnach British woman, Anecd. iii 57.6 . ¤cháintech female satirist: bancháinteach Chonchubhair da ngairthí Leabharcham, Keat. ii 2952. ¤chumachtach woman possessing magic power: Cáoineocc ban-cumachtach sithe `a fairy witch', BNnÉ 151.33 . (epithet of Venus) imthusa Beniri banchumachtaighi, TTebe 1046 . ¤grésach (1 grés): baingrésach, Acall. 5537 v.l. ¤Laignech Leinster-woman: ropo beoda in b.¤ , Rawl. 87a35 . ¤túaithech witch, wise woman: bantuathecha (sic, bantuatha, banthuach, v.ll.) Tuathe de Danand, LL 16545. woman of Túatha Dé Danand: .iii. híngeana Earnmhais na banthuathaíghe, BB 33a38 . Be Chuille ┐ Dianand na dí bantuathig, LL 1112. Badb ┐ Macha ┐ Anand . . . tri ingena Ernbais na bantuathige, 1121 . female chief: ionann . . . tuathach ┐ tighearna . . . do beirthear dá bhantuathaigh ar Bheuchuill ┐ ar Dhanainn, do bhí 'na mbaintighearnaibh aca, Keat. i 214.25 .

Rarely with form ben-. ¤Ebrach: mas eabhrach nó air beineabhrach = Hebrewess, Jeremiah xxxiv 9. ¤gág wrinkled woman, hag: a bh.¤ , BS 86.28 . ¤geilt madwoman: co ttarla bengheilt dó ann, BS 108.6 . ¤impire empress: Henri mac na Beinimpire, Mart. Don. xxix 29.

See banais, banaltra, bantrocht, banscál.

druí

Cite this: eDIL s.v. druí or dil.ie/18853
Last Revised: 2013

 

Forms: druï, draí, dro, drúid, drái, druäd, druïd, dráid, drui, druïd, drui, druith, drúith, druïd, druid, draid, druíde, draíde, draigthe, drúide, druäd, druïdib, drudib, draídib, drúide, drúdi, draoi, draoithe, ndruadh, ndraoithe, druadha, draoithe, draí, drúad, druad, draoi, drúth, drúithib, Druith, druad, Druadh, Druaidh

n d, m. Orig. druï, and disyll. in early poetry, cf. SR 3849 , 3858 . See GOI 43 , ZCP xi 276 , O'Brien, Ériu xi 169 . Later draí. dro, Celt. Rev. iv 112.22 . drúid, IT i 129.31 (Eg.); Lat. Lives 9.1 ; PH 1728 , 1737 . v s. drái, PH 1811 . g s. druäd (druad). d s. druïd (druíd). don dráid , PH 2122 . dia drui , IT i 129.27 . a s. druïd (druíd). drui, IT i 129.17 . n du. da druith , Wb. 30c17 . in da drúith , Ériu iii 140.185 . n p. druïd (druíd). in druid , SR 8339 . draid, PH 7059 . Later druíde ( drúidi, TBC-LL¹ 4545 ), draíde. draigthe, Ériu iii 160 § 13 (B. of Fermoy). v p. drúide, TBC-LL¹ 596 . g p. druäd (druad). d p. druïdib (druídib). drudib, LU 3452 ( SCC § 23 ). draídib. a p. drúide; drúdi, LU 4026 ( SCC § 48 ). In later lang. draoi, pl. draoithe; the older forms, esp. gs. and gp., persist in poetry and are oft. used in juxtaposition with the later, apparently without difference of meaning: na ndruadh . . . na ndraoithe , Keat. Poems 798 , 800 ; druadha ┐ draoithe , O'Rah. xx 5 (1911) . draí m., IGT Decl. § 85 .

(a) In older lit. usually in techn. sense druid: Cathbad d.¤ , TBC-LL¹ 1070 . Cathbadh caomhdhraoi, 5489 (St.). co ndigsed d'acallaim a druad d'iarfaigid fessa ┐ fástini de, 191 . drúidi ┐ fádi ┐ fissidi fer nErend, 4545 . geis don ríg labrad rena druidib, 4725 (cf. TBC-I¹ 2989 , MU² 235 ). Mainchenn druid do Brettnuib, IT iii 240.156 . breitemain ┐ druid (classed as `daernemed' persons), Laws v 90.20 , with gloss .i. doniat in feth fia no in [ḟ]aisdinecht, 27 . a druid fri Lóegaire tichtu Phatraic ní ceiltis, Hy. ii 21 . amail rusgellsad draide ┐ degfāidi, RC xiii 222.10 . rotecht druidhe ┐ tinchitlidi doairchaintis trena ndruidecht, Lat. Lives 2.4 . fri brichtu ban ┐ gobann ┐ druad, Hy. vii 54 ( Thes. ii 357 ). tri druid Dagda, Ériu vii 221.5 . draoi ré hiodhbarta do dhéanamh ┐ ré tuar maitheasa nó uilc don chrích, Keat. ii 5332 (in Christian times replaced by an `anmchara', 5345 ). Distinguished from `corrguinigh', RC xii 90 (the latter bewitched the bodily functions of the hostile warriors, the `druíd' induced natural phenomena). They appear among the damned on Doomsday, SR 8339 . Attrib. g s. and g p.: do thonach drúad-su thy druid's tunic, Trip.² 586 . gaeth druad , Lec. 28b6 ; Leb. Gab.(i) 256.4 . erbe druad, AUえーゆー 560 (see 1 airbe). bandrúi druidess: Bais bandruadh (one of the `aés síde'), ZCP viii 104.23 . tri ferdruid ┐ tri bandrúid , TBC-LL¹ 2402 = di (leg. tri) drúid ┐ a teóra mná, TBC-I¹ 1767 (LU). bandrai ┐ bancumachtach mē, ZCP xii 252.14 .

(b) magician, wizard or diviner in general, oft. used of equivalent of the druid in non-Celtic peoples. In religious lit. d.¤ corresponds to Lat. magus: dogéna sáibfirtu . . . amal dondrigensat druid triitsom (of Antichrist), Wb. 26a20 . ticdis a ndrúide ┐ a n-óga coisecartha (of heathens), PH 335 . soebforcetul Simóin in druad, 1736 . drai Cruithnech, Lec. 31a7 . seisear demnach druadh (of Picts), Todd Nenn. 144 . da druith aegeptacdi, Wb. 30c17 , cf. SR 3849 . na druidhe egeptaca, Laws i 20.21 Comm. na dráide Indecdai (of the Magi), PH 2838 , cf. 6931 , 7050 . in rétla resna drūithibh | o hiart[h]ur domain, ZCP v 25 § 13 ; Ériu ii 198.20 ; TSh. 7683 . draide farsaide ` magicians of the Pharisees' (rather doctors, wise men ), PH 2256 . faidhis Cublay a draidhe uadha dia fhis in soinmigi no doinmhigi nobhiath dó, Marco P. 58 . Applied by heathens to Christian thaumaturgists: no démnigitís co mba drái Petar, PH 1738 . rocreit don dráid robris ar n-ídlu (of Bartholomew), 2122 . ? In cheville: derb druad, SR 6777 . In good sense: is e mo drai Crist mac De, Misc. Arch. Soc. i 6.2 . is é mo drái ní méra | mac Dé, SG 79.24 . draoi a charmer , Eg. Gl. 369 . guth na ndruagh the voice of the charmers, Psalms lviii 5 . Transf. of a wren (?): drúi donn, K. and H. 26 (for the wren's association with divination see dreän).

Somet. confused with drúth jester: tánic in drúth . . . i n-uch[t] in druad, ZCP iii 218 § 37 . Cf. Metr. Dinds. i 26.178 , where drúithib is coupled with furseoirib in some MSS.; ZCP iii 262.30 : a tri druid (drude, LU 10547 ) dēnmo glām ngēr (leg. druith ?); xiii 350 where gen. Druith Cosalaig, l 3 = in druad , 1.5 .

(c) In mod. lit. esp. poetry usually poet, learned man: primh-drūith ┐ primh-ollamh Connacht, AFM 1067 . Néidhe draoi, Keat. Poems 116 . grianán dáimhe is draoithe, 1483 ; cf. 757 . Ériu iv 56.62 , Content. xxv 6 , O'Rah. xx 5 , Hackett xix 26 .

As n.pr. m. g s. mic Druadh , ITS xv 45.18 = m. Druaidh [Druagh, v.l.], 22.30 . In n.loc.: bellum Ratho in druadh, AUえーゆー 595 . ? tri Duib Druad, TBC-I¹ 3512 .

Compd. druaghfhile, 3 C 13, 597.14 . fo-ceird in druígoba[e] hUilc hAiche cóic cresa imdegla[e] fair 'the druid-smith' The Heroic Biography of Cormac mac Airt 121.56 .

éraise

Cite this: eDIL s.v. éraise or dil.ie/20204
Last Revised: 2019

 

adj useless, insignificant; void : haice .i. ecaidhe nó deroil no eraise, ut est: haice cach rath co rath tire .i....is deroil cach ni doberar isin rath co tir,...no is urusa gach rath co ferann, O'Dav. 1069 . dearbthar tuin[i]de do cetchor nadbi herisi 'let usucaption be asserted in respect of a first contract that is not defective' CIH iv 1247.20 , Peritia xvi 341 . is éraise in rét in tserc | téit a héol cen immitecht, IT i 225. 10 . As sobriquet: pn Col ┐ Accuis ┐ Eraisi...tri bandrúid TBC-LL¹ 2402 = Col ┐ Mebul ┐ Eraise, TBC-I¹ 1766 ( Gul Meabol ┐ Eris, H 2.17 , Eg. 93 ). Cf. follg.