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Pharmaceutical sciences in 2020 | Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
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Pharmaceutical sciences in 2020

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery volume 9, pages 99–100 (2010)Cite this article

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The scenario drivers

The vertical axis in Fig. 1 contrasts the potential ways in which science and scientists are organized and rewarded in society. We distinguished two possible dominant scientific cultures: 'entrepreneurial science' and 'vocational science'. In the entrepreneurial culture, the key reason for (and the criteria for the evaluation of) the pharmaceutical sciences is the provision of knowledge to develop and market new drugs. By contrast, in the vocational culture, science is seen mainly as a civic virtue, independent and curiosity-driven, with the goal of elucidating scientific questions.

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Figure 1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Daan Crommelin and Pieter Stolk are at Dutch Top Institute Pharma, 2300 AC Leiden, The Netherlands.,

    Daan Crommelin & Pieter Stolk

  2. Luc Besançon, Vinod Shah and Kamal Midha are at the International Pharmaceutical Federation, The Hague, The Netherlands.,

    Luc Besançon, Vinod Shah & Kamal Midha

  3. Hubert Leufkens is the Chair of the Dutch Medicines Evaluation Board, The Netherlands.,

    Hubert Leufkens

  4. H.L., D.C. and P.S. are at the Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.,

    Daan Crommelin, Pieter Stolk & Hubert Leufkens

Authors
  1. Daan Crommelin
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  2. Pieter Stolk
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  3. Luc Besançon
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  4. Vinod Shah
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  5. Kamal Midha
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  6. Hubert Leufkens
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daan Crommelin.

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Crommelin, D., Stolk, P., Besançon, L. et al. Pharmaceutical sciences in 2020. Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, 99–100 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3087

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