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{{See also|Calendar|Wheel of time}}
Many ancient cultures, particularly in the East, had a cyclical view of time. In these traditions, time was often seen as a recurring pattern of ages or cycles, where events and phenomena repeated themselves in a predictable manner. One of the most famous examples of this concept is found in [[Hindu philosophy]], where time is depicted as a wheel called the "[[Kalachakra]]" or "Wheel of Time." According to this belief, the universe undergoes endless cycles of creation, preservation, and destruction. <ref name="newman51">{{cite book|author=John Newman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGDCQNn0C9oC|title=The Wheel of Time: Kalachakra in Context|publisher=Shambhala|year=1991|isbn=978-1-55939-779-7|editor=Geshe Lhundub Sopa|pages=51–54, 62–77}}</ref>
Similarly, in other ancient cultures such as those of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Chinese, there were also beliefs in cyclical time, often associated with astronomical observations and calendars.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-27 |title=Chichén Itzá: Venus Cycle |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/chichen-itza-venus-cycle |access-date=2024-05-08 |website=Travel |language=en}}</ref> These cultures developed complex systems to track time, seasons, and celestial movements, reflecting their understanding of cyclical patterns in nature and the universe.
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