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{{Short description|Famine scale developed by the colonial British in India in the 1880s}}
The '''Indian Famine Codes''', developed by the colonial British in the 1880s, were one of the earliest [[famine scale]]s. The Famine Codes defined three levels of [[food insecurity]]: near-scarcity, scarcity, and [[famine]]. "Scarcity" was defined as three successive years of [[crop failure]], [[crop yield]]s of one-third or one-half normal, and large populations in distress. "Famine" further included a rise in food prices above 140% of "normal", the movement of people in search of food, and widespread mortality.<ref name="L. Brennan">{{Citation▼
The '''Indian Famine Codes''', developed by the colonial British in the 1880s, were one of the earliest [[famine scale]]s.
| last =Brennan | first =L | year =1984 | contribution =The development of the India Famine Codes: personalities, policies and politics | contribution-url =http://books.google.com/books?id=FoNS2fM8N0kC&pg=PA91&dq=The+Development+of+the+Indian+Famine+Codes&client=safari&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=8#v=onepage&q=The%20Development%20of%20the%20Indian%20Famine%20Codes&f=false | editor-last =Currey | editor-first =Bruce | editor2-last =Hugo | editor2-first =Graeme | title =Famine as a geographical phenomenon | edition =Illustrated | series =GeoJournal library | publisher =Springer | volume =Volume 1 | pages =91–110 | isbn =90-277-1762-1}}</ref>▼
== Types of Food insecurity ==
In order to address the issues of famine in India they created an Indian Famine commission to create ways to prevent and avoid future famine in India.<ref name="L. Brennan"/> So in 1880 the secretary of commission wrote a draft of the Indian Famine Code. This famine code became the basis of famine prevention until the 1970s. More famine codes were created after the Indian Famine codes (Bihar) but they addressed similar ideas that the Indian one did, the Indian Famine code was the foundation of multiple famine codes/ scales. Famine codes and scales measure the intensity and magnitude of the famine.<ref name="Scales">{{Citation | publication-date=March 2009 | title=Retrospective determination of whether famine existed in Niger | periodical=Field Exchange | issue=No 35 | page=10 | publisher=ENN | url=http://fex.ennonline.net/35/retrospective.aspx | accessdate= October 11, 2009}} '''Summary of published research:''' {{cite journal| last1 =Reza | first1 =Avid | last2 =Tomczyk | first2 =Basia | last3 =Aguayo | first3 =Victor M | last4 =Zagré | first4 =Noel M | last5 =Goumbi | first5 =Kadadé | last6 =Blanton | first6 =Curtis | last7 =Talley | first7 =Leisel | title=Retrospective determination of whether famine existed in Niger, 2005: two stage cluster survey. | journal=BMJ | year= 2008 | volume= 337 | issue= | pages= a1622 | pmid=18832413 | pmc=2658864 | doi=10.1136/bmj.a1622 }}</ref> This famine code was one of the first attempts to predict famine, and since they could predict it, they could also prevent it. ▼
▲The
▲ | last =Brennan | first =L | year =1984 | contribution =The development of the India Famine Codes: personalities, policies and politics | contribution-url =
== Indian Famine Commission ==
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== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Famines in British India]]▼
[[Category:1880s in India]]
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