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Report on the Construction of Situations: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Situationists|image=[[Image:DebordReportIta01-Intro.jpg|right|300px]]|caption=«First, we believe that the world must be changed. We desire the most liberatory possbilepossible change of the society and the life in which we find ourselves confined. We know that such change is possible by means of pertinent actions.»}}
 
The [[pamphlet]] '''''Report on the Construction of Situations''''' is the founding [[Manifesto]] of the [[Situationist International]] revolutionary organization.<ref name="DebordToGallizioOnReport"/><ref>Bandini (1977) pp.110-1</ref> ItThe pamphlet was published by [[Guy Debord]] in June 1957,<ref>[[Giuseppe Pinot-Gallizio]] (May 1958) introduction to the Italian edition of the ''Report on the Construction of Situations''. Published in Turin by ''Notizie'' (1958).</ref> and the following month the organization was founded, atin [[Cosio d'Arroscia]], Italy.
 
The organization was founded by the fusion of three organizations: the [[Lettrist International]], the [[International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus]], and the [[London Psychogeographical Association]].
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==Content==
===Revolutionary movement===
Expressing the view of the national leaders of the previous organizations, particularly [[Asger Jorn|Jorn]], [[Debord]], [[Gallizio]] and [[Piet de Groof|Korun]],<ref name="DebordToGallizioOnReport">Guy Debord, letter to [[Pinot Gallizio]], April 4th 1958, Paris. (Letter preserved by association ''[http://www.pinotgallizio.org/ Archivio Gallizio]'' in [[Turin]])<blockquote>Il ''RapportRapporto'' puo'può essere presentato come l'espressione teorica adottata nella Conferenza di fondazione dell'I.S. a Cosio d'Arroscia; e si puo'può dire che esprima il pensiero dei dirigenti dell'Internazionale, fra cui si possono sopratuttosoprattutto citare Korun (Belgio), Debord (Francia), Gallizio (Italia) e Jorn (Scandinavia). Cosi'Così si avrebbe piu'più l'immagine di un comitato responsabile, democratico, rispetto alla tendenza internazionale che abbiamo cominciato a formare.</blockquote></ref> this report states since the beginningdefines the main political aim of the movement, which is to be a [[revolutionary]]as [[revolutionary movement|movementrevolutionary]]:
<blockquote>First, we believe that the world must be changed. We desire the most liberatory possbilepossible change of the society and the life in which we find ourselves confined. We know that such change is possible by means of pertinent actions.</blockquote>
 
During the [[May 68]] ( "The|May largest1968 general strike that ever stopped the economy of an advanced industrial country, and the first ''wildcat general strike'' in history" )]], the Situationists, against the [[Trade union|unions]] and the [[French Communist Party|Communist Party]] that were starting to side with the [[Charles de Gaulle|de Gaulle]] government to contain the revolt, will callcalled for the formation of [[workers' councils]] to take control of the factories, expelling union leaders and left-wing burocratsbureaucrats, in order to keep the power in the hands of the workers with [[direct democracy]].<ref>''[http://www.cddc.vt.edu/sionline/si/beginning.html The Beginning of an Era]'', from ''[[Situationist International]]'' No 12 (September 1969). Translated by [[Ken Knabb]].</ref>
 
===The imbecilization of young people in families and schools===
 
The imbecilization that young people undergo within their [[families]] and [[school]]s, has then a natural continuation in the "deliberately [[anticultural]] production" of novels, films, et cetera, conducted with the means of [[large-scale industry]].<ref>Debord (1957) p.2</ref>
 
In his 1961 film ''Critique of Separation'', Debord returned on this topic adding:{{quote|The spectacle as a whole is nothing other than [...] the gap between the visions, tastes, refusals and projects that previously characterized this youth and the way it has advanced into ordinary life.<ref>Debord, ''Critique of Separation'', [http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/debord.films/separation.htm subtitles translation] by [[Ken Knabb]]</ref>}}
 
In contrast, the sense of the ''Report on the Construction of Situations'' is to fulfill human primitive [[Desire (emotion)|desires]] and pursue a superior passional quality. The main goal of the ''Situationist International'' is precisely the setting up of environments that favor such fulfillments.<ref name="DebordTowardSI">Debord (1957) ''Report on the Construction of Situations'', section ''Toward a Situationist International''</ref>
 
===Official culture and the trivialization and sterilization of the subversive===
For Debord, [[official culture]] is a "rigged game", where conservative powers forbid subversive ideas to have direct access to the [[public discourse]], and where such ideas are [[Social integration|integrated]] only after beenbeing trivialized and sterilized.<ref>Debord (1957) pp.2, 10</ref>
 
Debord discusses the close link between revolution and culture and [[everyday life]], and the reason why conservative powers are interested in forbidding them "any direct access to the rigged game of [[official culture]]." Debord recalls that worldwide revolutionary movements that emerged during the 1920s, wherewere followed by "an ebbing of the movements that had tried to advance a liberatory new attitude in culture and everyday life," and that such movements were brought to a "complete social isolation."<ref>Section 3 ''The Function of Minority Trends in the Period of Reflux''</ref>
 
=== Emptiness of an art separated from politics===
{{see also|Art and politics}}
Historically, revolutionary ideas have emerged first among artists and intellectuals. That'sFor whythis a precise mechanism to defuse the role ofreason, artists and intellectuals is to relegateare themrelegated into specialized, compartmentalized disciplines, indefusing ordertheir torevolutionary imposepotential and imposing unnatural [[dichotomies]] such as the "separation of art from politics". Once artistic-intellectual works are separated from current events and from a comprehensive critique of society, they are sterilized and can be safely integrated into the [[official culture]] and the [[public discourse]], where they can add new flavors to old dominant ideas and play the role of a gear wheel in the mechanism of the society of the spectacle.
 
<blockquote>One of the contradictions of the bourgeoisie [...] is that while it respects the abstract principle of intellectual and artistic creation, it resists actual creations when they first appear, then eventually exploits them. This is because it needs to maintain a certain sense of criticality and experimental research among a minority, but must take care to channel this activity into narrowly compartmentalized utilitarian disciplines, dismissing all comprehensive critique and research. In the domain of culture, the bourgeoisie strives to divert the taste for the new, which has become dangerous for it, toward certain degraded forms of novelty that are harmless and confused. [...] The people within avant-garde tendencies who distinguished themselves are generally accepted on an individual basis, at the price of vital renunciations: the fundamental point of debate is always the renunciation of comprehensive demands, and the acceptance of a fragmentary work, susceptible to multiple interpretations. This is what makes the very term ''avant-garde'', which in the end is always defined and manipulated by the bourgeoisie, somewhat suspicious and ridiculous. ( pp.2-3 )</blockquote>
 
In his 1959 film ''On the Passage of a Few Persons Through a Rather Brief Unity of Time'', Debord returned on this topic adding:<blockquote>Knowledge of empirical facts remains abstract and superficial as long as it is not concretized by being related to the whole situation. This is the only method that enables us to supersede partial and abstract problems and get to their ''concrete essence'', and thus implicitly to their meaning. [...] We can never really challenge any form of social organization without challenging all of that organization’s forms of language. [...] When freedom is practiced in a closed circle, it fades into a dream, becomes a mere image of itself.<ref>Debord, ''On the Passage of a Few Persons Through a Rather Brief Unity of Time'', [http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/debord.films/passage.htm subtitles translation] by [[Ken Knabb]]</ref></blockquote>
 
==See also==
*[[Council for Maintaining the Occupations]]
 
==Notes==
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== References ==
*{{cite book|authorlinkauthor-link=Mirella Bandini|last=Bandini |first=Mirella |origyearorig-year=1977 |year=1988 |title=L'estetico, il politico. Da Cobra all'Internazionale situazionista 1948-1957 |location=Ancone |oclc=42461565|publisher=Costa & Nolan |isbn=887648344688-7648-344-6 |language=Italianit}}
*{{cite book|last=Debord |first=Guy|origyearorig-year=1957 |chapterurlchapter-url=http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/report.htm |chapter=Report on the Construction of Situations |title=Situationist International Anthology |year=2006 |oclc=124093356|location=Berkeley, California |publisher=[[Bureau of Public Secrets]] (translated by Ken Knabb)|isbn=09396820440-939682-04-4}}
 
==SeeFurther alsoreading==
** [[Russel Hardin]] (2007) ''The Systemic Anticulture of Capitalism'' in [[Víctor Nee]], [[Richard Swedberg]] (2007) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rRWrAAAAIAAJ On capitalism]'' Stanford University Press, pp.&nbsp;21–41
*[[Council for Maintaining the Occupations]]
** [[James C. Scott]] 1976 ''[[The Moral Economy of the Peasant]]'' [[Yale University Press]]
** [[James C. Scott]] 1985 ''[[Weapons of the Weak]]'' [[Yale University Press]]
 
==Editions and translations==
*Original frenchFrench text ''[http://www.rocbo.net/poleis/is/rap_construc/ Rapport sur la construction des situations]'', ''[https://www.scribd.com/doc/44496986/Guy-Debord-RAPPORT-SUR-LA-CONSTRUCTION-DES-SITUATIONS-ET-SUR-LES-CONDITIONS-DE-L-ORGANISATION-ET-DE-L-ACTION-DE-LA-TENDANCE-SITUATIONNISTE-INTERNATI Rapport sur la construction des situations]''
*English translations:
** by [[Ken Knabb]] ''([http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/report.htm online]'')
** by [[Tom McDonough]], published at pp.29-seq ofin ''[httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=8jPwJsJKXn8C Guy Debord and the Situationist International]''
*Italian translation: published by [[Nautilus (counterculture publisher)|Nautilus]].
 
{{Guy Debord}}
 
[[Category:Situationist Internationalwritings]]
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