Content deleted Content added
→See also: Same Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Jjmclellan82 (talk | contribs) →Russian invasion of Ukraine: Update |
||
| (39 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Attack by one or more unmanned combat aerial vehicles}}
{{About|drones attacking targets|incidents with a drone|List of unmanned aerial vehicles-related incidents}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Cleanup rewrite|the page title recently changed and requires commensurate rewriting|lead|date=August 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{War}}
'''Drone warfare''' is a form of [[aerial warfare]] or marine warfare using [[unmanned combat aerial vehicle]]s (UCAV) or weaponized commercial [[unmanned aerial vehicle]]s (UAV). The [[United States]], [[United Kingdom]], [[Israel]], [[China]], [[South Korea]], [[Iran]], [[Iraq]], [[Italy]], [[France]], [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Russia]], [[Turkey]], [[Ukraine]] and [[Poland]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Sabak|first=Juliusz|date=18 May 2017|title=AS 2017: Warmate UAV with Ukrainian Warheads|url=https://www.defence24.com/as-2017-warmate-uav-with-ukrainian-warheads-photos|access-date=23 March 2019|work=Defence24.com|archive-date=28 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128091600/https://www.defence24.com/as-2017-warmate-uav-with-ukrainian-warheads-photos}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AqRj59K9zPk|title=17 Aralık 2015—Tarihi Atış Testinden Kesitler|date=17 December 2015|author=Baykar Technologies|access-date=18 November 2018|medium=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref name="the_guardian">{{cite news |last=Borger |first=Julian |date=28 March 2022 |title=The drone operators who halted Russian convoy headed for Kyiv |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/28/the-drone-operators-who-halted-the-russian-armoured-vehicles-heading-for-kyiv |access-date=16 October 2022}}</ref> are known to have manufactured operational UCAVs as of 2019.<ref>{{cite web|date=18 December 2015|title=Milli İHA'ya yerli füze takıldı!|url=http://www.haber7.com/guncel/haber/1708923-milli-ihaya-yerli-fuze-takildi|access-date=18 November 2018|work=Haber7}}</ref>
Drone attacks can be conducted by commercial UCAVs dropping bombs, firing a missile, or crashing into a target.<ref name="Agence France-Presse-2017">{{cite news|author=Agence France-Presse|author-link=Agence France-Presse|date=14 March 2017|title=US military deploys attack drones to South Korea|work=Defence Talk|url=http://www.defencetalk.com/us-military-deploys-attack-drones-to-south-korea-69478/|access-date=2 October 2017}}</ref> Since the turn of the century, most drone strikes have been [[Battlefield UAVs of the United States|carried out by the US military]] in such countries as [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]], [[Syria]], [[Somalia]], [[Yemen]] and [[Libya]] using [[air-to-surface missile]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/america-at-war-the-countries-where-the-us-took-or-gave-fire-in-2018-2018-12|title=America at war: The countries where the US took or gave fire in 2018|work=[[Business Insider]]|access-date=23 March 2019|first=John|last=Haltiwanger|date=18 December 2018|publisher=[[Insider Inc.]]}}</ref> but drone warfare has increasingly been deployed by [[Russia]], [[Ukraine]], [[Turkey]], [[Azerbaijan]] and by militant groups such as the [[Houthi]]s.<ref name="The Economist">{{cite news|title=The Azerbaijan-Armenia conflict hints at the future of war|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2020/10/10/the-azerbaijan-armenia-conflict-hints-at-the-future-of-war|access-date=9 October 2020|issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Drone strikes are used for [[assassination]]s by several countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theconversation.com/the-global-targeted-killings-bandwagon-whos-next-after-france-71840|title=The global targeted killings bandwagon: who's next after France?|work=[[theconversation.com]]|access-date=23 March 2019|date=8 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/why-drones-work-the-case-for-washingtons-weapon-of-choice/|title=Why Drones Work: The Case for Washington's Weapon of Choice|work=[[Brookings.edu]]|first=Daniel L.|last=Byman|date=17 June 2013|access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref>
Line 26 ⟶ 25:
==Islamic State drone strikes==
Small drones and quadcopters have been used for strikes by the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]] in Iraq and Syria. A group of twelve or more have been piloted by specially trained pilots to drop munitions onto enemy forces. They have been able to evade ground defense forces.<ref name="ISISDrones">{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/la-fg-isis-drones-20170928-story.html|title=Islamic
During the [[Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)|battle for Mosul]], the Islamic State was able to kill or wound dozens of Iraqi soldiers by dropping light explosives or 40-millimeter grenades from numerous drones attacking at the same time. Drone strikes were also used to destroy military supplies. Drone footage released by the Islamic State showed bombs being dropped on an ammunitions facility located in [[Deir ez-Zor]], Syria, an area of contested control between the Islamic State and the Syrian government at the time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-10-25 |title=Footage shows Islamic State drone blowing up stadium ammo dump |language=en-
Line 46 ⟶ 45:
On 13 October 2022, a Ukrainian MiG-29 became the first manned plane to go down to a drone during combat. The pilot is claimed to have destroyed a [[Shahed-136]] drone with his cannon. The blast is believed to have brought the plane down and hospitalised the pilot.<ref>{{cite news|date=14 October 2022|last=Kadam|first=Tanmay|title=Ukraine Confirms 1st Known Case Of Fighter Jet Going Down To A Kamikaze Drone; EurAsian Times' Assessment Hits Bulls Eye!|work=Eurasian Times|url=https://eurasiantimes.com/ukraine-confirms-1st-known-case-of-fighter-jet-going-down-to-a-kamikaze/|access-date=16 October 2022}}</ref>
Since the 2022 [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], approximately 30 companies in Ukraine have emerged to mass-produce drones for the war effort. The [[government of Ukraine|Ukraine government]] Ministry of Digital Transformation initiated the "Army of Drones" project, and is attempting to purchase up to 200,000 drones in 2023, aiming to deploy relatively cheap drones against large advantages Russia has had in military equipment. In 2023, they have also sponsored several competitions where the "dozens of drone developers that have sprung up all over Ukraine" are invited to make simulated attacks on ground targets, or chase [[Fixed-wing aircraft|fixed-wing]] drones, or even participate in drone [[dogfight]] competitions.<ref name=cnn20230603>{{cite news |title=Inside Ukraine's secretive drone program |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/06/03/europe/ukraine-secretive-drone-program-russia-war-intl |work=[[CNN News]] |date=3 June 2023 |access-date=3 June 2023 }}</ref> One new model that has been successful is the "[[Baba Yaga (aircraft)|Baba Yaga]]" hexacopter, which can carry "44 pounds of payload".<ref>{{cite news |title=The mystifying "Baba Yaga" drones in Avdiivka are nightmare for Russians |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/the-mystifying-baba-yaga-drones-in-avdiivka-are-nightmare-for-russians/ar-AA1kfBw4 |access-date=29 February 2024 |date=November 20, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Harding |first1=Luke |title=
===Commercial UCAVs===
Line 64 ⟶ 63:
The average HESA Shahed 136 drone is worth about $20,000. An [[IRIS-T]] missile is worth about $430,000 each in comparison. From 13 September until 17 October, open source information suggests that Ukraine has had to spend $28.14 million on defending against these drones.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://eurasiantimes.com/1st-evidence-germanys-much-touted-iris-t-defense-system-used/ |title= 1st Evidence! Germany's 'Much-Touted' IRIS-T Defense System Used By Ukraine 'Clashes' With Russian Missile |publisher=EurAsian Times| author= Sakshi Tiwari |date=20 October 2022 |access-date=21 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/oct/19/financial-toll-ukraine-downing-drones-vastly-exceeds-russia-costs |title= Financial toll on Ukraine of downing drones 'vastly exceeds Russian costs' |author= Daniel Boffey|work=The Guardian|date=19 October 2022 |access-date=21 October 2022}}</ref>
Since at least September 2022, Ukraine has used black [[Unmanned surface vehicle|naval drones]],
In September 2023, Ukrainian troops were reported as using cardboard drones with GoPro cameras for aerial reconnaissance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eckstein |first=Megan |date=2023-09-13 |title=Cardboard drone vendor retools software based on Ukraine war hacks |url=https://www.defensenews.com/air/2023/09/13/cardboard-drone-vendor-retools-software-based-on-ukraine-war-hacks/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=Defense News |language=en}}</ref>
As of April 2024, Ukraine has started deploying manned aircraft, such as the [[Aeroprakt A-22 Foxbat]] and [[Yakovlev Yak-52]], which uses snipers or machine guns to shot down Russian drones.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-28 |title=CWorld War I Tactics Make A Comeback As A Ukrainian Gunner In The Back Of A Propeller Plane Shoots Down A Russian Drone |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/04/28/world-war-i-tactics-make-a-comeback-as-a-ukrainian-gunner-in-the-back-of-a-propeller-plane-shoots-down-a-russian-drone/ |access-date=2022-07-12|author= David Axe|website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-28 |title=Ultralight Drone Hunting Planes Now In Use In Ukraine|url=https://www.twz.com/air/ultralight-drone-hunting-planes-now-in-use-in-ukraine|access-date=2024-07-12|author=THOMAS NEWDICK|website=TWZ |language=en}}</ref>
===2023 Gaza War===
On October 7, 2023, [[Hamas]] launched an [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel|invasion of southern Israel]], using commercial drones to bomb Israeli guard towers before breaching the [[Gaza–Israel barrier|border wall]]. Videos of Israeli troops and a [[Merkava IV]] tank being taken out by drones surfaced on the internet.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Achom |first1=Debanish |title=In Israel-Gaza War, Hamas' Off-The-Shelf Drones Destroy Million Dollar Hardware |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/in-israel-gaza-war-hamas-off-the-shelf-drones-destroy-million-dollar-hardware-4471329 |work=NDTV |date=11 October 2023|access-date=2 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Nicola |title=Hamas using Ukraine war tactics to ambush Israeli soldiers in Gaza |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/11/02/hamas-using-ukraine-war-tactics-ambush-soldiers-gaza/ |access-date=2 November 2023 |work=The Telegraph |date=2 November 2023}}</ref>
==
As of April 14, 2024, the world's largest drone attack in history took place in the middle of the conflict caused by the developments of the Israeli war on Gaza, with a mass and simultaneous attack of more than 185 Iranian drones in less than a few hours against targets across Israel. This [[2024 Iranian strikes in Israel|Iranian attack on Israel]] was carried out in response to the bombing of the Iranian consular building in Damascus (which happened a few days before by the Israeli side).
==See also==
:'''Anti-drone systems''' using: electronic jamming and hi-jacking systems, directed-energy weapons (mainly laser), kinetic projectiles, netting, trained eagles etc.
*[[Counter unmanned air system]] (C-UAS)
*{{section link|Anti-aircraft warfare#AUDS}}
;Electronic beam
*[[Directed-energy weapon]], planned to also be used against drones
*[[Laser weapon#Anti-drone systems|Laser weapon: Anti-drone systems]]
*[[Silent Hunter (laser weapon)]], Chinese anti-drone laser weapon
;Electronic warfare (EW) - jamming & hi-jacking
*[[Bukovel (counter unmanned aircraft system)]], Ukrainian anti-drone electronic warfare system
*[[EDM4S]] (Electronic Drone Mitigation 4 - System), Lithuanian portable EW anti-drone device
*[[Malyuk]] assault rifle, Riff model: Ukrainian man-portable battery-powered anti-drone weapon
*[[R-330Zh Zhitel]], Russian truck-mounted EW jamming communication station
;Kinetic systems
*[[Slinger (weapon system)]], Australian anti-drone system using an auto-cannon
;Large systems & manufacturers
*[[Drone Dome]], Israeli anti-aircraft including anti-drone system developed by Rafael ADS
*[[DronesVision]], Taiwanese arms manufacturer, specialising in UAV and anti-UAV technologies
*[[Indrajaal Autonomous Drone Defence Dome]], Indian AI anti-drone system
*[[ZALA Aero Group]], Russian arms manufacturer, specialising in UAV and anti-UAV EW systems
;Other related topics
*[[Non-combatant Casualty Value]]
*[[PlayStation mentality]]
*[[Public opinion about US drone attacks]]
Line 159 ⟶ 104:
*[[Unmanned surface vehicle]]
*''[[Zanana]]''
*[[Civilian casualties from U.S. drone strikes]]
==References==
| |||