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See also: 𣱱, , こおり, えい, and

みず U+6C34, 水
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C34

[U+6C33]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6C35]
U+2F54, ⽔
KANGXI RADICAL WATER

[U+2F53]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F55]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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Translingual

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Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Alternative forms

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Han character

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みず (Kangxi radical 85, みず+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input みず (E), four-corner 12230, composition 𰛄丿(GJKV) or 𰛅(GJKV) or 𰛄丿(HT))

  1. Kangxi radical #85, .

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 603, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17083
  • Dae Jaweon: page 992, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1545, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6C34

Further reading

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Central Bai

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Noun

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みず (xuix)

  1. hanzi form of xuix
    • 1450, Yang Fu (楊黼), 山花やまはな——咏蒼洱境》:
      煴煊ちゃみず㱔呼𪢂
      Boiling tea water, greeting each other.

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
みず
alternative forms 𡿭
𣸕

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character みず
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Ming typeface
               

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) – compare かわ (chuān).

 
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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(j) (flow; stream) (Benedict, 1974; Coblin, 1986; Handel, 1998; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo lui (stream; brook; river), Tedim Chin [script needed] (luːi³, stream; river), Jingpho lawi (to flow (as water)).

Old Chinese みず (*lhuiʔ), as reconstructed by Schuessler, is Sino-Tibetan root's endoactive derivation with suffix *-ʔ, meaning "that which is flowing"; its voiceless initial suggests the presence of a nominalizing prefix *k- or *s-. Another derivative from the Sino-Tibetan root is possibly (winʔ, to flow) (minimally reconstructed).

Compare also areal etymon Proto-Mon-Khmer *lujʔ ~ luuj() ~ luəj() ~ ləəj() (to wade; to swim).

Alternatively, Gong (1995) reconstructs Old Chinese *hljədx and compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu, water), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju (water; liquid; bodily fluid).

Baxter and Sagart (2014), employing evidence from the Proto-Min form of the Min colloquial variant , reconstructs the latter *turʔ and thereby reconstructs Old Chinese *s.turʔ, and compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *twəj (to flow; to suppurate), which is likely related to *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (water; fluid; to soak; to be wet) (STEDT). *s.turʔ was then followed by an Eastern dialectal variant, *s.tujʔ, which leads to Early Middle Chinese *sywijX.

Like Gong (1995), Sagart (2017) compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu), but he also compares it to Bodo (India) दै (dwi), Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *thejᴬ, all of which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s. Handel deems derivations from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju or *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s unlikely because of phonological issues (STEDT).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • cūi - literary (common);
  • cṳ̄ - vernacular (only used in some words as the first syllable).
Note:
  • chúi - vernacular;
  • súi - literary.
Note:
  • zui2 - vernacular;
  • sui2 - literary.
Note: Due to the unintuitive nature of the rime and the relative lack of usage of the term, みず has several nonstandard literary pronunciations, such as /sue/, /sø/, or /sei/. These are mostly used by younger speakers.
Note:
  • xy3 - vernacular;
  • sui3 - literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location みず
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂuei²¹⁴/
    Harbin /ʂuei²¹³/
    /suei²¹³/
    Tianjin /suei¹³/
    Jinan /ʂuei⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /ʂue⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʂuei⁵³/
    Xi'an /fei⁵³/
    Xining /fɨ⁵³/
    Yinchuan /ʂuei⁵³/
    Lanzhou /fei⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /ʂuei⁵¹/
    /fei⁵¹/
    Wuhan /suei⁴²/
    Chengdu /suei⁵³/
    Guiyang /suei⁴²/
    Kunming /ʂuei⁵³/
    Nanjing /ʂuəi²¹²/
    Hefei /ʂue²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /suei⁵³/
    Pingyao /suei⁵³/
    Hohhot /suei⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /sz̩³⁵/
    Suzhou /sz̩ʷ⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /sz̩ʷei⁵³/
    Wenzhou /sz̩³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /ɕye³⁵/
    /ɕy³⁵/
    Tunxi /ɕy³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ɕyei⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /ɕyəi⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /sui²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /sui³¹/
    Taoyuan /ʃui³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /søy³⁵/
    Nanning /sui³⁵/
    Hong Kong /søy³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sui⁵³/
    /t͡sui⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡suoi³²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /sy²¹/
    Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sui⁵³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /sui³¹/
    /tui²¹³/

    Rime
    Character みず
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (こえ) しょ (26)
    Final (いん) あぶら (18)
    Tone (調しらべ) Rising (X)
    Openness (ひらきあい) Closed
    Division (ひとし) III
    Fanqie しききり
    Baxter sywijX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɕˠiuɪX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɕʷᵚiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɕiuɪX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɕjwiX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɕjuiX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɕwiX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɕwiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shuǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    seoi2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character みず
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shuǐ
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ sywijX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j)
    English water; river

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character みず
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11948
    Phonetic
    component
    みず
    Rime
    group
    あぶら
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    みず
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qʰʷljilʔ/

    Definitions

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    みず

    1. water (Classifier: びん m; たる c; しずく m c; いけ m c; ぼん m c; はい m c)
      きゅうわがいちはいみずしゃしゃ [MSC, trad.]
      わがいちはいみず谢谢 [MSC, simp.]
      Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, xièxiè. [Pinyin]
      A glass of water, please.
      かつみず  ―  shuǐ  ―  to drink water
      みず  ―  bīngshuǐ  ―  iced water
      ひやみず  ―  lěngshuǐ  ―  cold water
      こおみずみず [Cantonese]  ―  dung3 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  cold water
      ねつみずみず  ―  shuǐ  ―  hot water
      ひらくみずみず  ―  kāishuǐ  ―  boiled water
      たぎみずみず [Cantonese]  ―  gwan2 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  boiled water
      みずぞくかんみずぞく  ―  shuǐzúguǎn  ―  aquarium
      みずいろどり  ―  shuǐcǎi  ―  watercolour
      みずぬるみずぬる  ―  shuǐwēn  ―  water temperature
      あめみず  ―  shuǐ  ―  rainwater
      うみみず  ―  hǎishuǐ  ―  seawater
      飲用いんようみず饮用みず  ―  yǐnyòngshuǐ  ―  drinking water
      礦泉みず矿泉みず  ―  kuàngquánshuǐ  ―  mineral water
      ふけみずふけみず  ―  zhēngliúshuǐ  ―  distilled water
      みずみず  ―  shuǐzhá  ―  sluice
      みずちから發電はつでんみずちから发电  ―  shuǐlìfādiàn  ―  hydroelectricity
      みず化合かごうぶつ  ―  tànshuǐhuàhéwù  ―  carbohydrate
      だっみずだっみず  ―  tuōshuǐ  ―  to dehydrate; dehydration
      みず中毒ちゅうどく  ―  shuǐzhōngdú  ―  water intoxication; water poisoning
      そうみずそうみず  ―  shuāngyǎngshuǐ  ―  hydrogen peroxide (literally, “water with two oxygen (atoms)”)
    2. liquid; potion; juice
      くちみず  ―  kǒushuǐ  ―  saliva
      あせみず  ―  hànshuǐ  ―  sweat
      ひつじみず  ―  yángshuǐ  ―  amniotic fluid
      こうみず  ―  xiāngshuǐ  ―  perfume
      やくみずみず  ―  yǎnyàoshuǐ  ―  eyedrop
    3. (colloquial, chiefly Singapore, Malaysia) Synonym of 飲料いんりょう饮料 (yǐnliào, beverage)
      ようさけべ什麼いんもみずようさけべ什么みず  ―  Yào jiào shénme shuǐ?  ―  What beverage do you want to order?
      よくさけべ什物じゅうもつみず [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
      Beh kiò sím-mi̍h chúi? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      What beverage do you want to order?
    4. (archaic) river
      かんみずみず  ―  Hànshuǐ  ―  the Han River
    5. body of water
      みずみち  ―  shuǐ  ―  waterway
      さんめんたまきみずさんめんみず  ―  sān miàn huán shuǐ  ―  to be surrounded by (bodies of) water on three sides
    6. flood
      はつみずみず  ―  shuǐ  ―  to flood
    7. additional cost or income
    8. (dialectal) rain
    9. (Cantonese) money
      みず [Cantonese]  ―  bong6 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  to pay
      かすめみず [Cantonese]  ―  loek6-1 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  to obtain money dishonestly
    10. (Cantonese) hundred dollars (Classifier: c)
      さんみず [Cantonese]  ―  saam1 gau6 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  three hundred dollars
    11. (Cantonese) source of revenue (Classifier: じょうじょう c)
    12. (Cantonese) to fool; to deceive; to misguide
    13. to swim
      みずせい  ―  shuǐxìng  ―  swimming ability
    14. (colloquial) lacking substance or power; worthless
      這裡てき大學だいがくふとしみずりょう [MSC, trad.]
      这里てき大学だいがくふとしみずりょう [MSC, simp.]
      Zhèlǐ de dàxué tài shuǐ le. [Pinyin]
      The universities here are too weak.
    15. Short for 划水 (huáshuǐ, “to shirk; to slack off”).
    16. one of the five elements of Wu Xing (ぎょう)
    17. (colloquial) Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
    18. Sui people
      みずしょみず  ―  shuǐshū  ―  Shuishu (the traditional writing system of the Sui people)
    19. a surname
    Synonyms
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    • (beverage):
    Antonyms
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    Compounds

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