阿
See also: 䧁
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Translingual
editStroke order | |||
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Han character
editDerived characters
editDescendants
editFurther reading
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1348, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41599
- Dae Jaweon: page 1850, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4119, character 11
- Unihan data for U+963F
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
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Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character |
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Warring States |
Bronze inscriptions |
Old Chinese | |
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砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
柯 | *kaːl |
菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
牁 | *kaːl |
滒 | *kaːl |
哥 | *kaːl |
*kaːl | |
謌 | *kaːl |
鴚 | *kaːl |
哿 | *kaːlʔ |
*kaːlʔ | |
笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
珂 | *kʰaːl |
*kʰaːlʔ | |
岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
*qʰaːl, *qʰaːls | |
訶 | *qʰaːl |
抲 | *qʰaːl |
*qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ | |
*ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ | |
*ɡaːl | |
苛 | *ɡaːl |
魺 | *ɡaːl |
袔 | *ɡaːls |
*qaːl | |
妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
鈳 | *qaːl |
娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
痾 | *qaːl |
跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔa(ŋ/k)- (“noun prefix”) (STEDT). Compare possibly Burmese အ- (a.-, “idem”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): a1
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): åq
- Cantonese (Jyutping): aa3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): â
- Eastern Min (BUC): ă / ŏ̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1a; 1u; 7aq / 1a; 1ou; 7aeq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: a
- Wade–Giles: a1
- Yale: ā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: a
- Palladius: а (a)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: à
- Wade–Giles: a4
- Yale: à
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ah
- Palladius: а (a)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀä⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: a1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: a
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: åq
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): aq5
- Sinological IPA (key): /aʔ⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: â
- Hakka Romanization System: aˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a1
- Sinological IPA: /a²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ă / ŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/, /o⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- ă - vernacular;
- ŏ̤ - literary.
Note:
- a - vernacular;
- o - literary.
Note: 4aq - senses 1, 2, 3 only.
Definitions
edit- Prefix used in front of the surname or last character of someone’s given name to express familiarity or friendliness (traditionally used in rural or southern Chinese dialects).
- Alternative forms: (dated)
亞 /亚, (Hong Kong Cantonese neologism)牙 阿 爸 ― ābà ― dad阿 扁 ― Ā Biǎn ― Ah Bian (Chen Shui-bian)- 《
阿 Q正傳 》/《阿 Q正 传》 ― “Āqiū Zhèngzhuàn” ― The True Story of Ah Q
- Alternative forms: (dated)
- (Hokkien, honorific) Prefix to rank seniority for kinship terms.
阿 兄 [Hokkien] ― a-hiaⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― eldest brother
- (Nanjing Mandarin, Northern Wu, including Suzhounese) Interrogative particle
- Alternative form of 啊 (ā, á, ǎ, à, a, “particle”)
- Short for
阿 富 汗 (Āfùhàn, “Afghanistan”). - Short for
阿 爾 巴 尼 亞 /阿 尔巴尼 亚 (Ā'ěrbāníyà, “Albania”). - Short for
阿 拉 伯 (Ālābó, “Arabic”). - atto- (SI unit prefix)
Compounds
edit- 以阿
戰爭 /以阿战争 巴 依 阿 瓦 提 (Bāyī'āwǎtí)打 阿 老 沙 特 阿 拉 伯 (Shātè Ālābó)紅 頭 阿三 /红头阿三 老 阿呆 英 阿 瓦 提 (Yīng'āwǎtí)- 邁亞
美 /迈亚美 (Màiyàměi) - 邁阿
密 /迈阿密 (Mài'āmì) 阿 Q阿 Sir阿三 (āsān)阿三 哥阿 也阿 亞 圖 拉 /阿 亚图拉 (āyàtúlā)阿 仙藥 /阿 仙 药 (āxiānyào)阿 伐 射 線 /阿 伐 射 线阿 伐 粒子 阿 伐 蛻 變 /阿 伐 蜕变阿 伯 (ābó)阿 伽 陀 (āqiétuó)阿 依 庫 勒/阿 依 库勒 (Āyīkùlè)阿修羅 /阿 修 罗 (āxiūluó)阿僧 祇 (āsēngqí)阿 兄 (āxiōng)阿 克 塞 (Ākèsài)阿 克 塞 哈薩克 族 自治 縣 /阿 克 塞 哈萨克 族 自治 县 (Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn)阿 克 托 海 (Ākètuōhǎi)阿 克 提 坎墩 (Ākètíkǎndūn)阿 克 薩拉依 /阿 克 萨拉依 (Ākèsàlāyī)阿 克 蘇 /阿 克 苏 (Ākèsū)阿 克 賽 欽/阿 克 赛钦 (Ākèsàiqīn)阿 克 陶 (Ākètáo)阿 兜 眼 阿 公 (āgōng)阿 六 仔 阿 共 仔 (a-kiōng-á) (Hokkien)阿 兵 哥 (ābīnggē)阿 其克 (Āqíkè)阿 利 安 人 阿 利 曼阿 加西 (ājiāxī)阿 勃勒阿 叔 (āshū)阿 合 雅 (Āhéyǎ)阿 呀阿吽 (āhōng)阿 吠 斯陀阿 呼 地獄 /阿 呼 地 狱阿 咸阿 哥哥 (āgēgē)阿 啄 仔 (a-tok-á) (Hokkien)阿 嚏 (ātì)阿 圖 什/阿 图什 (Ātúshí)阿 坶坪阿 堵 (ādǔ)阿堵物 (ādǔwù)阿 塞 拜 疆 (Āsàibàijiāng)阿 多 尼 斯 (Āduōnísī)阿 大 (ādà)阿 奇 毛 (āqímáo)阿 奴 阿 妗 (aa3 kam5) (Cantonese)阿 姊阿 姆 (āmǔ)阿 妹 (āmèi)阿 姑 (āgū)阿 姆河 (Āmǔhé)阿 姨 (āyí)阿 娘 (āniáng)阿 婆 (āpó)阿媽 /阿 妈阿 嬌/阿 娇阿 嬭/阿 奶阿 家 阿 家 翁 阿 富 汗 (Āfùhàn)阿 富 汗 尼 (āfùhànní)阿 富 羅 底 /阿 富 罗底阿 小 阿 尼 林 (ānílín)阿山 (a-soaⁿ) (Hokkien)阿 巴 丹 阿 布達 比 /阿 布 达比 (Ābù Dábǐ)阿 弟 (ādì)阿 必尚阿 恰勒 (Āqiàlè)阿 恰塔格 (Āqiàtǎgé)阿 戎 (āróng)阿 扎西 (āzhāxī)阿 托 品 (ātuōpǐn)阿 拉 (ālā)阿 拉 伯 (Ālābó)阿 拉 伯 膠 /阿 拉 伯 胶 (ālābó jiāo)阿 拉 伯 語 /阿 拉 伯 语 (ālābóyǔ)阿 拉 哈格 (Ālāhāgé)阿 拉 拉 夸拉 (Ālālākuālā)阿 拉 木 汗 阿 拉 法 阿 拉 爾 /阿 拉 尔 (Ālā'ěr)阿 提 密 斯阿 摩 尼 亞 /阿 摩 尼 亚 (āmóníyà)阿 撒不魯/阿 撒不鲁 (āsǎbùlǔ)阿 撒布 魯/阿 撒布 鲁 (āsǎbùlǔ)阿斗 (ādǒu)阿 斯匹靈 /阿 斯匹灵 (āsīpǐlíng)阿 斯嘉特 (Āsījiātè)阿 旁 阿 日 希 (Ārìxī)阿 昌 族 (Āchāngzú)阿 曼 (Āmàn)阿月 渾子/阿月 浑子 (āyuèhúnzǐ)阿 根 廷 (Āgēntíng)阿 檀 阿 母 (āmǔ)阿 比 阿 毗曇/阿 毗昙阿 毗達磨 /阿 毗达磨 阿 沙 不 魯/阿 沙 不 鲁 (a-sa-puh-luh) (Hokkien)阿波 羅 /阿波 罗 (Ābōluó)阿 洪 阿 洪 魯庫木 /阿 洪 鲁库木 (Āhóng Lǔkùmù)阿 混 阿 澤 西 /阿 泽西 (āzéxī)阿 災 /阿 灾 (āzāi)阿 熱 勒/阿 热勒 (Ārèlè)阿 父 (āfù)阿 爸 (ābà)阿 爹 (ādiē)阿 爺 /阿 爷 (āyé)阿 爾 及爾/阿 尔及尔 (Ā'ěrjí'ěr)阿 爾 斯太/阿 尔斯太 阿 爾 泰山 /阿 尔泰山 (Ā'ěrtài Shān)阿 爾 金山 /阿 尔金山 (Ā'ěrjīn Shān)阿片 (āpiàn)阿 物 兒 /阿 物 儿阿 特 拉 斯 (Ātèlāsī)阿 猴 (Āhóu)阿 獃/阿呆 (ādāi)阿 珠 媽/阿 珠 妈 (āzhūmā)阿 環 /阿 环阿 瓦 阿 瓦 提 (Āwǎtí)阿 監 /阿 监 (ājiān)阿 瞞/阿 瞒 (Āmán)阿 空 卡瓜阿 米 巴 (āmǐbā)阿 緱/阿 缑 (Āgōu)阿羅漢 /阿 罗汉 (āluóhàn)阿 羌 (Āqiāng)阿 美 族 (Āměizú)阿 翁 阿 耨多羅 /阿 耨多罗 (ānòuduōluó)阿 耶阿 育 王 (Āyùwáng)阿 肯色州 阿 胡 拉 ·馬 茲達/阿 胡 拉 ·马兹达 (Āhúlā Mǎzīdá)阿 膠 版 /阿 胶版阿 舅 (ājiù)阿 芙蓉 (āfúróng)阿 莎力 (āshālì)阿 蓮 /阿 莲 (Ālián)阿 薩不魯/阿 萨不鲁 (āsàbùlǔ)阿 薩姆/阿 萨姆 (Āsàmǔ)阿 薩密省 /阿 萨密省 阿 薩布魯/阿 萨布鲁 (āsàbùlǔ)阿蘇山 /阿 苏山阿 蘭 若 /阿 兰若 (ālánrě)阿 蛇 阿 訇 (āhōng)阿 誰 /阿 谁阿 諾 德 /阿 诺德 (Ānuòdé)阿 貓阿狗 /阿 猫 阿 狗 (āmāo'āgǒu)阿 迪 格 (Ādígé)阿 迪 格 語 /阿 迪 格 语 (ādígéyǔ)阿連 /阿 连 (ālián)阿 速 坡 (Āsùpō)阿達 /阿 达 (āda)阿 那 含阿 郎 阿 郎 雜 碎/阿 郎 杂碎阿 里 (Ālǐ)阿 里山 (Ālǐshān)阿 里 郎 (Ālǐláng)阿 門 /阿 门 (āmén)阿闍梨 /阿 阇梨 (āshélí)阿 阿 阿 飛 /阿 飞 (āfēi)阿 香 阿 馬 /阿 马 (Āmǎ)阿 馬 達 /阿 马达阿 魯/阿 鲁阿鼻 (ābí)阿鼻地獄 /阿鼻 地 狱 (ābí dìyù)- 鬍子
阿 姨/胡 子 阿 姨
See also
editSI prefix | ||
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Last | Next | |
Descendants
edit- → English: Ah
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): o1
- Eastern Min (BUC): ŏ̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1o
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: e
- Wade–Giles: o1
- Yale: ē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: e
- Palladius: э (e)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: o1
- Yale: ō
- Cantonese Pinyin: o1
- Guangdong Romanization: o1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /o⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- Quanzhou:
- o - vernacular;
- o͘ - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'a
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤa[j]/, /*ʔˤa/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qaːl/
Definitions
edit- big mound; mountain
- hillside
- fine silks
- (literary, of a mountain or stream) bend; corner
- waterside
- nearby; near
- to flatter; to pander to
- to be unfairly partial to
- Alternative form of 屙 (ē, “to excrete”)
- a surname
Compounds
edit不 阿 (bù'ē)依 阿 兩 可 /依 阿 两可依 阿 取 容 倒 持 泰 阿 偏 阿 剛 正 不 阿 /刚正不 阿 (gāngzhèngbù'ē)卷 阿 執 法 不 阿 /执法不 阿 太 阿 (tài'ē)太 阿 之 柄 太 阿 倒 持 (Tài'ē dàochí)太 阿 在 握 奉公 不 阿 守正 不 阿 山 阿 崇 阿 打 悲阿持 正 不 阿 方正 不 阿 曲學阿世 /曲学阿世 (qūxué'ēshì)柴 立 不 阿 - 歙漆
阿 膠 /歙漆阿 胶 泰 阿 泰 阿 倒 持 - 纖阿/纤阿
迎 阿 阿井 阿保 阿保 之 功 阿保 之 勞 /阿保 之 劳阿 其所好 阿 匼阿 好 阿 媚 阿 尊 事 貴 /阿 尊 事 贵阿 屎阿 巴 桑 阿彌陀 佛 /阿弥陀 佛 阿彌陀 經 /阿弥陀 经阿 意 曲 從 /阿 意 曲 从阿 意 順 旨 /阿 意 顺旨阿房 阿房宮 /阿房 宫阿房宮 賦 /阿房 宫赋阿 是 穴 (āshìxué)阿 私 阿 膠 /阿 胶 (ējiāo)阿 衡阿 諂/阿 谄 (ēchǎn)阿諛 /阿 谀 (ēyú)阿諛 取 容 /阿 谀取容 阿諛 奉 承 /阿 谀奉承 (ēyúfèngchéng)阿諛 趨奉/阿 谀趋奉 阿諛 逢迎/阿 谀逢迎 阿諛 順 意 /阿 谀顺意 阿諛 順 旨 /阿 谀顺旨 阿 邑阿 金 溺 銀 /阿 金 溺 银阿 閣 /阿 阁阿 附 (ēfù)阿 順 取 容 /阿 顺取容 阿 魏 阿 黨 /阿 党 陽 阿 /阳阿
Descendants
editJapanese
editKanji
editReadings
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
あ Jinmeiyō |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- The first letter of Sanskrit, अ (a).
Derived terms
editSee also
editAffix
edit- to flatter; to pander to
- ridge (of roof); eaves
- A prefix expressing familiarity.
- Used as a phonetic element, especially in words from Sanskrit.
- Short for アフリカ (Afurika, “Africa”).
- Short for
阿波 国 (Awa no kuni, “Awa Province”).
Derived terms
editphonetic element
阿 修 羅 (ashura, “Asura”)阿 僧 祇 (asōgi, “Asaṃkhyeya”)阿 毘達 磨 (abidatsuma, “Abhidharma”)阿 弗 利加 (afurika, “Africa”)阿 片 (ahen, “opium”)阿 弥 陀 (amida, “Amitābha”)阿 蘭 陀 (oranda, “Holland; The Netherlands”)
others
阿 呆 (ahō)
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
くま Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of | ||
| ||
(This term, |
Korean
editHanja
edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Compounds
editReferences
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
editCategories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- Chinese lemmas
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阿 - Mandarin terms with usage examples
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading あ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading あ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading くま
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おもね・る
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading お
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading くま
- Japanese terms spelled with
阿 read as あ - Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
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- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with
阿 - Japanese single-kanji terms
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阿 read as くま - Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Korean lemmas
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