Jin
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology 1
edit
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editJin
- A river (
晉 水 ) in Shanxi Province, China, emptying into the Fen River. The template Template:rfc-sense does not use the parameter(s):2=Is the river extant? GEOnet does not have this. [https://baike.baidu.com/item/
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.(Can we clean up(+) this sense?)晋 水 /9978515] - (historical) A marchland (c. 1046–677 BC) and duchy (677–376 BC) of the Zhou Kingdom around the river.
- A Chinese surname.
- (historical) A titular principality of the Wei Empire (est. AD 264) and other later Chinese states.
- (historical) An empire in China (AD 265–420) established by Sima Yan's overthrow of the Wei and replaced by barbarian conquerors in the north and Liu Yu's Song Empire in the south.
- (historical) Synonym of Sima: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
- (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) The late 3rd to early 5th century, the era during which the Sima clan were the legitimate emperors of China.
- A river (Jin River,
晉 江 /晋 江 (Jìnjiāng)) in Quanzhou Municipality, Fujian, China, emptying into the Taiwan Strait.- 1984, Zhuang Weiji, quotee, Jews in Old China: Studies by Chinese Scholars[2], Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 147:
- Between 1946 and 1948 in the ruins of the foundations of Quanzhou’s South Gate Tower and southern wall we excavated more that twenty large white gravestones, inscribed in Arabic on both sides. They obviously had been taken from a demolished Islamic mosque. The area overlooked in the Jin River and was known as South Quanzhou, or the “Foreign District.” It was here that merchants from overseas and their families had lived during Song and Yuan.
- 2010, Tim Mackintosh-Smith, “China: To the Mosque of the Phoenix”, in Landfalls: On the Edge of Islam from Zanzibar to the Alhambra[3], John Murray, published 2011, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 200:
- Wang Feng and I made our way to the world’s former greatest harbour. It is to the west of the city on the Jin River, and far enough inland from Quanzhou Bay to be reasonably safe from typhoons.
- 2023 February 8, Kelvin Chen, “Swiss parliamentarian delegation visits Taiwan's Kinmen”, in Taiwan News[5], archived from the original on 08 March 2023, Politics[6]:
- He said that four years ago, the island began receiving water from the Jin River, in Quanzhou, China, and now 70-80% of Kinmen's water comes from China.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jin.
- (historical) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Linfen, Shanxi.
- (historical) Former name of Linfen as the seat of the prefecture.
- (historical) An realm in early-10th century Shaanxi loyal to the Tang after their overthrow by the Later Liang.
- (historical) The Later Jin, a short-lived empire in 10th-century Shaanxi; the 930s and '40s, the era of this empire.
- (historical) Synonym of Shi: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
- (linguistics) A Chinese dialect family (code cjy) spoken by about 45 million people in Shanxi and adjacent provinces.
Synonyms
edit- (empire & era): Sima Jin, Liang Jin
- (Shanxinese river): Jinshui
- (Fujianese river): Jinjiang
- (prefecture & its seat): Jinzhou
- (dialect family): Jin Chinese, Jinese, Shanxinese, Shanxi dialect
Hyponyms
edit- (imperial dynasty): Western Jin; Eastern Jin
- (dialect family): Bingzhou, Lüliang, Shangdang, Wutai, Datong–Baotou, Zhangjiakou–Hohhot, Handan–Xinxiang, Zhidan–Yanchuan
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editEtymology 2
editAlternative forms
editProper noun
editJin
Etymology 3
editFrom the atonal Hanyu Pinyin[1] romanization of Mandarin
Proper noun
editJin
- A Chinese surname, given 29th among the Hundred Family Surnames.
- (historical) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Ankang, Shaanxi.
- (historical) Former name of Ankang as the seat of the prefecture.
- (historical) An empire in northern China (AD 1115–1234) established by an invasion of Liao by the Wanyan Jurchens and overthrown by an invasion of the Mongols.
- (historical) Synonym of Wanyan: the dynasty which ruled this empire.
- (historical, ethnography, uncommon) Synonym of Jurchen: the Tungusic people who ruled this empire.
- (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) The 12th to early 13th century, the era during which the Wanyan clan were the legitimate emperors of northern China.
- (historical) Synonym of Qing: the Chinese empire, dynasty, and era, (particularly) during the years 1616 to 1636, prior to the formal declaration of the Qing.
Synonyms
edit- (surname): Kim (Korean equivalent); Kam (Cantonese equivalent)
- (prefecture & its seat): Jinzhou, Xicheng
- (empire & era): Jurchen, Jurchen Jin, Jinn
Translations
editReferences
edit- ^ “Selected Glossary”, in The Cambridge Encyclopedia of China[1], Cambridge University Press, 1982, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 476, 477: “The glossary includes a selection of names and terms from the text in the Wade-Giles transliteration, followed by Pinyin, […] Chin (Jin)
金 ”
Etymology 4
editFrom the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese
Proper noun
editJin
- A river (
錦 江 ) in Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces in China, emptying into the Bei or North River. - A river (
錦 江 ) in Sichuan Province, China, emptying into the Min River. - A river (
錦江 (贛江支流 )) in Jiangxi Province, China, emptying into the Gan River. - (historical) A prefecture of imperial China centered on Luyang, Hunan.
- (historical) Former name of Luyang as the seat of the prefecture.
Synonyms
edit- (rivers): Jinjiang
- (Jianxinese river): Changjiang Creek or River (upper course)
- (prefecture & seat): Jinzhou
Further reading
edit- Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Jin River”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World[7], volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1449, column 3
Etymology 5
editFrom the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 靳 (Jìn). As a surname, legendarily derived from Zhurong.
Proper noun
editJin
- A Chinese surname.
- A river (靳
江 ) in Hunan Province, China, emptying into the Xiang River.- Synonym: Jinjiang
Etymology 6
editFrom the revised romanization of Korean 진 (jin). As an ancient kingdom, originally from Chinese
Proper noun
editJin
- (historical) An ancient state or tribal confederation in northern Korea.
- (historical) Synonym of Balhae, a northern Korean state, (particularly) between its AD 698 founding and 712 renaming.
- A Korean surname.
Derived terms
editEtymology 7
editFrom Japanese
Proper noun
editJin
Anagrams
editJapanese
editRomanization
editJin
- English terms borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin
- English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin
- English terms borrowed from Mandarin
- English terms derived from Mandarin
- English terms borrowed from Chinese
- English terms derived from Chinese
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English terms with historical senses
- en:Polities
- en:Places in China
- English terms with quotations
- en:Linguistics
- English terms borrowed from Korean
- English terms derived from Korean
- English terms derived from Jurchen
- en:Ethnography
- English terms with uncommon senses
- English terms derived from Japanese
- en:Chinese dynasties
- en:History of China
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations