Core cities of Japan

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SapporoHakodate, HokkaidōAsahikawa, HokkaidōAomoriHachinoheMorioka, IwateSendaiAkitaYamagata, YamagataFukushima, FukushimaKōriyama, FukushimaIwaki, FukushimaMito, IbarakiTsukuba, IbarakiUtsunomiya, TochigiMaebashi, GunmaTakasaki, GunmaIsesaki, GunmaŌta, GunmaSaitama, SaitamaKawagoe, SaitamaKumagaya, SaitamaKawaguchi, SaitamaTokorozawa, SaitamaKasukabe, SaitamaSōkaKoshigaya, SaitamaChibaFunabashi, ChibaKashiwa, ChibaHachiōji, TokyoYokohamaKawasaki, KanagawaYokosuka, KanagawaHiratsuka, KanagawaOdawara, KanagawaChigasaki, KanagawaSagamiharaAtsugi, KanagawaYamato, KanagawaNiigataNagaoka, NiigataJōetsu, NiigataToyama, ToyamaKanazawa, IshikawaFukuiKōfu, YamanashiNagano, NaganoMatsumoto, NaganoGifuShizuoka, ShizuokaHamamatsuNumazu, ShizuokaFuji, ShizuokaNagoyaToyohashi, AichiOkazaki, AichiIchinomiya, AichiKasugai, AichiToyota, AichiYokkaichi, MieŌtsu, ShigaKyotoOsakaSakai, OsakaKishiwada, OsakaToyonaka, OsakaSuitaTakatsuki, OsakaHirakata, OsakaIbaraki, OsakaYao, OsakaNeyagawa, OsakaHigashiōsaka, OsakaKobeHimeji, HyōgoAmagasakiAkashi, HyōgoNishinomiyaKakogawa, HyōgoTakarazuka, HyōgoNara, NaraWakayamaTottoriMatsue, ShimaneOkayamaKurashiki, OkayamaHiroshimaKure, HiroshimaFukuyama, HiroshimaShimonosekiTakamatsu, KagawaMatsuyama, EhimeKōchi, KōchiKitakyushuFukuokaKurume, FukuokaSagaNagasakiSasebo, NagasakiKumamotoŌitaMiyazakiKagoshimaNaha, Okinawa
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■ ― Designated cities
■ ― Core cities
■ ― Special cities
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Sub-municipal

A core city (中核ちゅうかく市し, Chūkakushi) is a class or category of Japanese cities. It is a local administrative division created by the national government.[1] Core cities are delegated many functions normally carried out by prefectural governments, but not as many as designated cities. To become a candidate for core city status, a city must have a population greater than 300,000 and an area greater than 100 square kilometers, although special exceptions may be made by order of the cabinet for cities with populations under 300,000 but over 200,000.[2] After the abolition of special city status on April 1, 2015, any city with a population above 200,000 may apply for core city status.[3]

Application for designation is made by a city with the approval of both the city and prefectural assemblies.

History[edit]

The term "core city" was created by the first clause of Article 252, Section 22 of the Local Autonomy Law of Japan.[4]

List of core cities[edit]

As of 1 April 2021, 62 cities have been designated core cities:[3]

Name Japanese Flag Emblem Area (km2) Population (2012) Date of designation Region Prefecture Map
Akashi 明石あかし市し 49.22 290,927 2018-04-01 Kansai Hyōgo
Akita 秋田あきた市し 906.07 322,224 1997-04-01 Tōhoku Akita
Amagasaki 尼崎あまがさき市し 49.77 451,353 2009-04-01 Kansai Hyōgo
Aomori 青森あおもり市し 824.61 297,348 2006-10-01 Tōhoku Aomori
Asahikawa 旭川あさひかわ市し 747.6 351,765 2000-04-01 Hokkaidō
Fukui 福井ふくい市し 536.41 266,612 2019-04-01 Chūbu Fukui
Fukushima 福島ふくしま市し 767.72 289,355 2018-04-01 Tōhoku Fukushima
Fukuyama 福山ふくやま市し 518.14 462,144 1998-04-01 Chūgoku Hiroshima
Funabashi 船橋ふなばし市し 85.62 610,492 2003-04-01 Kantō Chiba
Gifu 岐阜ぎふ市し 203.60 412,718 1996-04-01 Chūbu Gifu
Hachinohe 八戸はちのへ市し 305.56 241,613 2017-01-01 Tōhoku Aomori
Hachiōji 八王子はちおうじ市し 186.38 579,799 2015-04-01 Kantō Tokyo
Hakodate 函館はこだて市し 677.89 279,056 2005-10-01 Hokkaidō
Higashiōsaka 東大阪ひがしおおさか市し 61.78 508,267 2005-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Himeji 姫路ひめじ市し 534.43 536,218 1996-04-01 Kansai Hyōgo
Hirakata 枚方ひらかた市し 65.08 407,997 2014-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Ichinomiya 一宮いちのみや市し 113.82 379,654 2021-04-01 Chūbu Aichi
Iwaki いわき市し 1,232.02 332,994 1999-04-01 Tōhoku Fukushima
Kagoshima 鹿児島かごしま市し 547.58 607,257 1996-04-01 Kyushu Kagoshima
Kashiwa 柏かしわ市し 114.74 404,863 2008-04-01 Kantō Chiba
Kanazawa 金沢かなざわ市し 468.64 462,796 1996-04-01 Chūbu Ishikawa
Kawagoe 川越かわごえ市し 109.13 345,361 2003-04-01 Kantō Saitama
Kawaguchi 川口かわぐち市し 61.95 561,788 2018-04-01 Kantō Saitama
Kōchi 高知こうち市し 309.22 342,568 1998-04-01 Shikoku Kōchi
Kōfu 甲府こうふ市し 212.47 197,318 2019-04-01 Chūbu Yamanashi
Kōriyama 郡山こおりやま市し 757.20 331,140 1997-04-01 Tōhoku Fukushima
Koshigaya 越谷こしがや市し 60.24 328,079 2015-04-01 Kantō Saitama
Kurashiki 倉敷くらしき市し 355.63 477,086 2002-04-01 Chūgoku Okayama
Kure 呉くれ市し 352.80 236,595 2016-04-01 Chūgoku Hiroshima
Kurume 久留米くるめ市し 229.96 301,821 2008-04-01 Kyushu Fukuoka
Maebashi 前橋まえばし市し 311.59 338,481 2009-04-01 Kantō Gunma
Matsue 松江まつえ市し 572.99 208,160 2018-04-01 Chūgoku Shimane
Matsumoto 松本まつもと市し 978.47 239,466 2021-04-01 Chūbu Nagano
Matsuyama 松山まつやま市し 429.40 516,823 2000-04-01 Shikoku Ehime
Mito 水戸みと市し 217.32 269,162 2020-04-01 Kantō Ibaraki
Miyazaki 宮崎みやざき市し 643.67 402,289 1998-04-01 Kyushu Miyazaki
Morioka 盛岡もりおか市し 886.47 299,734 2008-04-01 Tōhoku Iwate
Naha 那覇なは市し 39.98 321,695 2013-04-01 Kyushu Okinawa
Nagano 長野ながの市し 834.81 380,581 1999-04-01 Chūbu Nagano
Nagasaki 長崎ながさき市し 240.71 440,911 1997-04-01 Kyushu Nagasaki
Nara 奈良なら市し 276.84 365,421 2002-04-01 Kansai Nara
Neyagawa 寝屋川ねやがわ市し 24.73 238,819 2019-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Nishinomiya 西宮にしのみや市し 99.96 483,878 2008-04-01 Kansai Hyōgo
Ōita 大分おおいた市し 502.38 476,008 1997-04-01 Kyushu Ōita
Okazaki 岡崎おかざき市し 387.20 374,085 2003-04-01 Chūbu Aichi
Ōtsu 大津おおつ市し 464.51 339,469 2009-04-01 Kansai Shiga
Sasebo 佐世保させぼ市し 426.06 259,676 2016-04-01 Kyushu Nagasaki
Shimonoseki 下関しものせき市し 716.14 277,937 2005-10-01 Chūgoku Yamaguchi
Suita 吹田すいた市し 36.11 357,917 2020-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Takamatsu 高松たかまつ市し 375.41 420,356 1999-04-01 Shikoku Kagawa
Takasaki 高崎たかさき市し 459.16 371,820 2011-04-01 Kantō Gunma
Takatsuki 高槻たかつき市し 105.31 355,840 2003-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Tottori 鳥取とっとり市し 765.31 196,538 2018-04-01 Chūgoku Tottori
Toyama 富山とやま市し 1,241.77 421,393 2005-04-01 Chūbu Toyama
Toyohashi 豊橋とよはし市し 261.86 375,804 1999-04-01 Chūbu Aichi
Toyonaka 豊中とよなか市し 36.38 390,457 2012-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Toyota 豊田とよだ市し 918.32 420,680 1998-04-01 Chūbu Aichi
Utsunomiya 宇都宮うつのみや市し 416.85 513,722 1996-04-01 Kantō Tochigi
Wakayama 和歌山わかやま市し 210.25 368,684 1997-04-01 Kansai Wakayama
Yamagata 山形やまがた市し 381.58 254,519 2019-04-01 Tōhoku Yamagata
Yao 八尾やお市し 41.71 270,735 2018-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Yokosuka 横須賀よこすか市し 100.7 415,259 2001-04-01 Kantō Kanagawa

Former core cities[edit]

Name Japanese Flag Emblem Area (km2) Population Date of designation Date of reclassification Region Prefecture Map
Hamamatsu 浜松はままつ市し 1,558.06 795,350 1996-04-01 2007-04-01 (Designated city) Chūbu Shizuoka
Kumamoto 熊本くまもと市し 390.32 737,812 1996-04-01 2012-04-01 (Designated city) Kyushu Kumamoto
Niigata 新潟にいがた市し 726.45 807,450 1996-04-01 2007-04-01 (Designated city) Chūbu Niigata
Okayama 岡山おかやま市し 789.95 720,841 1996-04-01 2009-04-01 (Designated city) Chūgoku Okayama
Sagamihara 相模原さがみはら市し 328.91 720,986 2003-04-01 2010-04-01 (Designated city) Kantō Kanagawa
Sakai 堺さかい市し 149.82 833,544 1996-04-01 2006-04-01 (Designated city) Kansai Osaka
Shizuoka 静岡しずおか市し 1,411.90 697,578 1996-04-01 2005-04-01 (Designated city) Chūbu Shizuoka

Scheduled to become a core city[edit]

Name Japanese Flag Emblem Area (km2) Population (2012) Scheduled date Region Prefecture Map
Chigasaki 茅ヶ崎ちがさき市し 35.71 236,222 2020-04-01 Kantō Kanagawa
Fuji 富士ふじ市し 244.95 253,455 TBD Chūbu Shizuoka
Kishiwada 岸和田きしわだ市し 72.68 198,615 2020-04-01 Kansai Osaka
Odawara 小田原おだわら市し 113.79 197,413 2020-04-01 Kantō Kanagawa
Tsukuba つくば市し 283.72 216,221 TBD Kantō Ibaraki
Tokorozawa 所沢ところざわ市し 72.11 342,321 TBD Kantō Saitama
Yokkaichi 四日市よっかいち市し 206.44 307,599 2020 (aiming) Kansai Mie

Cities that meet the requirements but have not yet been nominated[edit]

The following cities have populations greater than 200,000 but have not yet been nominated. (Special cities and cities planning to apply for core city status are not shown.)

Name Japanese Flag Emblem Area (km2) Population Region Prefecture Map
Ageo 上尾あげお市し 45.51 229,517 Kantō Saitama
Chōfu 調布ちょうふ市し 21.58 240,668 Kantō Tokyo
Fuchū 府中ふちゅう市し 29.43 260,891 Kantō Tokyo
Fujisawa 藤沢ふじさわ市し 69.57 420,254 Kantō Kanagawa
Ichihara 市原いちはら市し 368.17 274,117 Kantō Chiba
Ichikawa 市川いちかわ市し 56.39 491,804 Kantō Chiba
Machida 町田まちだ市し 71.80 429,040 Kantō Tokyo
Matsudo 松戸まつど市し 61.38 498,575 Kantō Chiba
Nishitokyo 西東京にしとうきょう市し 15.75 206,047 Kantō Tokyo
Tokushima 徳島とくしま市し 191 258,554 Shikoku Tokushima
Tsu 津つ市し 711.11 279,304 Kansai Mie

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Web-Japan.org, "Local self-government", p. 3; retrieved 2012-11-28.
  2. ^ 日本にっぽん財団ざいだん図書館としょかん（電子でんし図書館としょかん） Ｒｅｖｉｓｅｄ Ｌｏｃａｌ Ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ Ｌａｗ. nippon.zaidan.info.
  3. ^ a b 日本にっぽん總務そうむ省しょう - 中核ちゅうかく市し・施行しこう時じ特例とくれい市し. soumo.go.jp (in Japanese).
  4. ^ 日本にっぽん財団ざいだん図書館としょかん（電子でんし図書館としょかん） Ｒｅｖｉｓｅｄ Ｌｏｃａｌ Ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｙ Ｌａｗ. nippon.zaidan.info.

External links[edit]

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