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'''Army Group B''' (German: ''{{lang|de|Heeresgruppe B}}'') was the title of three [[Nazi Germany|German]] [[Army Group]]s that saw action during [[World War II]].
'''Army Group B''' (German: ''{{lang|de|Heeresgruppe B}}'') was the title of three [[Nazi Germany|German]] [[Army Group]]s that saw action during [[World War II]].


==Operational history==
<!--- ==Battle for France==
The first was involved in the [[Battle for France|Western Campaign]] in 1940 in [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]] which was to be aimed to conquer the Maas bridges after the German airborne actions in Rotterdam. Army Group B had approximately 300,000 men involved in these operations which occurred in May 1940.
Army Group B took part in [[Battle for France]] in 1940 in [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]]. The second formation of Army Group B was established when [[Army Group South]] was divided for the summer offensive of 1942 on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]]. Army Group B was given the task of protecting the northern flank of [[Army Group A]], and included the [[6th Army (Wehrmacht)|6th Army]] during the [[Battle of Stalingrad]]. In February 1943, Army Group B and [[Army Group Don]] were combined to create a new [[Army Group South]].

==Eastern Front==
The second Army Group B was formed when [[Army Group South]] was divided for the summer offensive of 1942. Army Group B was given the task of protecting the northern flank of [[Army Group A]], and included the [[6th Army (Wehrmacht)|6th Army]] during the [[Battle of Stalingrad]].

In February 1943, Army Group B and [[Army Group Don]] were combined to create a new [[Army Group South]] on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]].


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A new Army Group B was formed in northern [[Italy]] under Field Marshal [[Erwin Rommel]] in 1943 and was moved to Northern France. On 19 July, Field Marshal [[Günther von Kluge]] took command from Rommel and on 17 August, Field Marshal [[Walter Model]] replaced Kluge. Army Group B participated in the [[Operation Overlord|Battle of Normandy]]. Moving to the [[Low Countries]], Model received a shock when his HQ was located at Osterbeek close to Arnhem during the 17 September start of [[Operation Market Garden]] before the army group participated in the [[Battle of the Bulge]].<ref>Builder, Banks, Nordin, p. 106</ref> The army group was isolated in the [[Ruhr Pocket]] in northern [[Germany]] and after being divided up into smaller and smaller sections, the final section surrendered to the Allies on 21 April 1945.
==Italy and northern France==
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A new Army Group B was formed in northern [[Italy]] under [[Field Marshal]] [[Erwin Rommel]] in 1943, to defend against a possible Allied attack. Army Group B was moved to northern France to defend occupied France against the [[D-Day]] landings, of 6 June 1944. On 19 July, [[Field Marshal]] [[Günther von Kluge]] took command from Rommel and on 17 August, Field Marshal [[Walter Model]] replaced Kluge. Army Group B participated in the [[Operation Overlord|Battle of Normandy]]. Moving to the [[Low Countries]], Model received a shock when his HQ was located at Osterbeek close to Arnhem during the 17 September start of [[Operation Market Garden]] before the army group participated in the [[Battle of the Bulge]].<ref>Builder, Banks, Nordin, p. 106</ref> The army group was isolated in the [[Ruhr Pocket]] in northern [[Germany]] and after being divided up into smaller and smaller sections, the final section surrendered to the Allies on 21 April 1945. -->


==Commanders==
==Commanders==
Western Front
Western Front
* 12 October 1939 to August 1940 ''Generalfeldmarshall'' [[Fedor von Bock]]
* 12 October 1939 to August 1940 Field Marshal [[Fedor von Bock]]
Eastern Front
Eastern Front
* August 1942 to February 1943 ''Generaloberst'' [[Maximilian von Weichs]]
* August 1942 to February 1943 Generaloberst [[Maximilian von Weichs]]
Northern Italy/Northern France
Northern Italy/Northern France
* 14 July 1943 ''Generalfeldmarschall'' [[Erwin Rommel]]
* 14 July 1943 Field Marshal [[Erwin Rommel]]
* 19 July 1944 ''Generalfeldmarschall'' [[Günther von Kluge]]
* 19 July 1944 Field Marshal [[Günther von Kluge]]
* 17 August 1944 to April 1945 ''Generalfeldmarschall'' [[Walter Model]]
* 17 August 1944 to April 1945 Field Marshal [[Walter Model]]


==Chiefs of Staff==
;Chiefs of Staff
* 12 October 1939 - 9 May 1941 General [[Hans von Salmuth]]
* 12 October 1939 - 9 May 1941 General [[Hans von Salmuth]]
* 20 May 1941 General [[Hans von Greiffenberg]]
* 20 May 1941 General [[Hans von Greiffenberg]]
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==Order of battle==
==Order of battle==

===Army Group HQ troops===
* 537th Signals Regiment
* 605th Signals Regiment (2nd list)

===Subordinated units===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
*Builder, Carl H., Bankes, Steven C. & Nordin Richard, ''Command concepts: a theory derived from the practice of command and control'', RAND, Santa Monica, CA, 1999
*Builder, Carl H., Bankes, Steven C. & Nordin Richard, ''Command concepts: a theory derived from the practice of command and control'', RAND, Santa Monica, CA, 1999

==See also==
*[[Army Group D]]
*[[Army Group South]]
*[[5th Panzer Army|German Fifth Panzer Army]]


{{Army Groups Germany}}
{{Army Groups Germany}}

Revision as of 06:57, 27 September 2018

Army Group B
Heeresgruppe B
Country Nazi Germany
Insignia
Identification
symbol

Army Group B (German: Heeresgruppe B) was the title of three German Army Groups that saw action during World War II.

Operational history

Army Group B took part in Battle for France in 1940 in Belgium and the Netherlands. The second formation of Army Group B was established when Army Group South was divided for the summer offensive of 1942 on the Eastern Front. Army Group B was given the task of protecting the northern flank of Army Group A, and included the 6th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad. In February 1943, Army Group B and Army Group Don were combined to create a new Army Group South.

A new Army Group B was formed in northern Italy under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel in 1943 and was moved to Northern France. On 19 July, Field Marshal Günther von Kluge took command from Rommel and on 17 August, Field Marshal Walter Model replaced Kluge. Army Group B participated in the Battle of Normandy. Moving to the Low Countries, Model received a shock when his HQ was located at Osterbeek close to Arnhem during the 17 September start of Operation Market Garden before the army group participated in the Battle of the Bulge.[1] The army group was isolated in the Ruhr Pocket in northern Germany and after being divided up into smaller and smaller sections, the final section surrendered to the Allies on 21 April 1945.

Commanders

Western Front

Eastern Front

Northern Italy/Northern France

Chiefs of Staff

Eastern Front

Order of battle

Date Subordinated commands
1939
November 1939 4th Army, 6th Army, 18th Army
1940
May 1940 6th Army, 18th Army
June 1940 9th Army, 6th Army, 4th Army, Panzer Group Kleist
July 1940 7th Army, 4th Army
August 1940 7th Army, 4th Army, 6th Army
September 1940 18th Army, 4th Army, 6th Army
1941
January 1941 18th Army, 4th Army, 17th Army, 2nd Panzer Group, Military commander in the General Government
May 1941 9th Army, 4th Army
1942
August 1942 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army, XXIX Army Corps, 6th Army, 4th Panzer Army
September 1942 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army, 6th Army, 4th Panzer Army
October 1942 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army, 4th Panzer Army, Romanian 3rd Army, Romanian 4th Army
November 1942 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army, Romanian 3rd Army, 6th Army, 4th Panzer Army, Romanian 4th Army
December 1942 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army
1943
January 1943 2nd Army, Hungarian 2nd Army, Italian 8th Army, Army Detachment Fretter-Pico
February 1943 2nd Army, Army Detachment Lanz, Italian 8th Army, Hungarian 2nd Army
September 1943 LI Army Corps, II SS Corps, LXXXVII Army Corps
December 1943 in disposal of the OKW in Denmark
1944
May 1944 7th Army, 15th Army, Wehrmacht commander in the Netherlands
June 1944 7th Army, 15th Army, Wehrmacht commander in the Netherlands, Panzer Group West
August 1944 1st Army, 5th Panzer Army, 7th Army, 15th Army, Wehrmacht commander in the Netherlands
September 1944 7th Army, 1st Parachute Army, 15th Army
November 1944 7th Army, 5th Panzer Army, Student Army Group
December 1944 7th Army, 5th Panzer Army
1945
January 1945 7th Army, 5th Panzer Army, 6th Panzer Army, 15th Army
February 1945 7th Army, 5th Panzer Army, 15th Army
April 1945 15th Army, 5th Panzer Army, Army Detachment von Lüttwitz

References

  1. ^ Builder, Banks, Nordin, p. 106

Bibliography

  • Builder, Carl H., Bankes, Steven C. & Nordin Richard, Command concepts: a theory derived from the practice of command and control, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, 1999
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