入いれ

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See also: 人ひと [U+4EBA CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EBA], 𠆢 [U+201A2 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-201A2], 八はち [U+516B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516B], ㅅ [U+3145 HANGUL LETTER SIOS], ג [U+05D2 HEBREW LETTER GIMEL], and λらむだ [U+03BB GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA]
入いれ U+5165, 入
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5165
← 兤
[U+5164] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兦 →
[U+5166]
⼊ U+2F0A, ⼊
KANGXI RADICAL ENTER
← ⼉
[U+2F09] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼋ →
[U+2F0B]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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Translingual

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Traditional 入いれ
Simplified 入いれ
Japanese 入いれ
Korean 入いれ
Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 11 入いれ

入いれ (Kangxi radical 11, 入いれ+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 人ひと竹ちく (OH), four-corner 80000, composition ⿹乀丿)

  1. Kangxi radical #11, ⼊.

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1415
  • Dae Jaweon: page 266, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 102, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5165

Further reading

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Chinese

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trad. 入いれ
simp. # 入いれ

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 入いれ
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
j13031
j13032
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b08057
b08058
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b08061
b08062
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b08067
b08068
b08069
b08070
b08071
b08072
b08073
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b08075
b08076
s03777
Transcribed ancient scripts
L38521
L38522
L29087
L29088
L29089
L29090
L29091
L29092
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogram (指事しじ) - an arrowhead indicating "to enter".

Compare 人ひと (rén).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nup ~ nip. Cognate with Tibetan ནུབ (nub, “to fall (gradually), sink, to set; to decay, to decline”) and Burmese နိပ် (nip, “to decline (e.g. price); to be suppressed, to settle, to be quelled”).

Chinese characters belonging to the same word family include:

  • 納おさめ (OC *nuːb, “to make enter”)
  • 內 (OC *nuːbs, “inside”)
  • 軜 (OC *nuːb, “reins on the inside of the horse”)
  • 妠 (OC *nuːms, *nuːb, *rnoːd, “to marry (a girl)”)
  • 躡 (OC *neb, “to tiptoe, tread”)
  • 攝と (OC *neːb, *ʔnjeb, “to take in, photograph, grasp”)
  • 鑷 (OC *neb, “tweezers, forceps”)
  • and potentially Cantonese 擸 (laap3, “to bring together, to collect”)

The regular Mandarin pronunciation as predicted from Middle Chinese is rì. The irregular sound change is for taboo reasons - to avoid homophony with its derived vulgar meaning "to enter > to have sexual intercourse", nowadays represented by 日ひ (rì).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ĭk - literary;
  • nĭk - vernacular.
Note: lia̍k - colloquial (“to enter”).
Note: rig8 - Chenghai.
Note:
  • 8zeq - literary;
  • 8gniq - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 入いれ
Mandarin Beijing /ʐu⁵¹/
Harbin /lu⁵³/
/ʐu⁵³/
Tianjin /iu⁵³/
/ʐu⁵³/
Jinan /lu²¹/
Qingdao /y⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐu²⁴/
Xi'an /vu²¹/
Xining /v̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʐu¹³/
Lanzhou /vu¹³/
Ürümqi /ʐu²¹³/
/vu²¹³/
Wuhan /y²¹³/
Chengdu /zu³¹/
Guiyang /zu²¹/
Kunming /ʐu³¹/
Nanjing /ʐuʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʐuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /zuəʔ²/ 出で～
/zəʔ²/ ～怪かい
Pingyao /zuʌʔ⁵³/
/zz̩ʷ⁵³/ 伸しん
Hohhot /ʐuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
Suzhou /zəʔ³/
Hangzhou /zəʔ²/
Wenzhou /zai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /y²²/
Tunxi /ie¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /y²⁴/
Xiangtan /y²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /lɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋip̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ŋip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐp̚²/
Nanning /jɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /jɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lip̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /niʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ni⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /zip̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zip̚⁵/
/zip̚³/
Rime
Character 入いれ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 日ひ (38)
Final (韻いん) 緝 (141)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 人ひと執と切きり
Baxter nyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵip̚/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 入いれ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n[u]p/
English enter

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 入いれ
Reading # 1/1
No. 10885
Phonetic
component 		入いれ
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		入いれ
Old
Chinese 		/*njub/

Definitions

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入いれ

  1. to enter; to go into
    入いれ嚟坐すわ啦！ [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 lai4 co5 laa1! [Jyutping]  ―  Come in and sit!
    入いれ春はる  ―  rùchūn  ―  to enter into spring
    病やまい從したがえ口くち入いれ，禍わざわい從したがえ口くち出で [MSC, trad.]
    病やまい从口くち入いれ，祸从口くち出で [MSC, simp.]
    bìng cóng kǒu rù, huò cóng kǒu chū [Pinyin]
    illness comes in via the mouth because of food and trouble goes out via the mouth because of words
    Synonym: 進すすむ／进 (jìn)
    Antonym: 出で (chū)
  2. to join; to become a member of
    加か入いれ  ―  jiārù  ―  to join
    入いれ黨とう／入いれ党とう  ―  rùdǎng  ―  to join a political party
  3. (literary) to accept; to admit
  4. (literary) to pay
  5. income
    收おさむ入いれ  ―  shōurù  ―  income
    歲とし入いれ／岁入いれ  ―  suìrù  ―  annual income
  6. to confirm; to agree
    入いれ情じょう入いれ理り  ―  rùqíngrùlǐ  ―  to be fair and reasonable
  7. to arrive (at); to attain
  8. (literary) to enter the imperial government and become an official
  9. (telephony) to get through
    Synonym: 通つう
  10. (Cantonese) in; inside
    Antonym: 出で (Cantonese)
    入いれ面めん [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 min6 [Jyutping]  ―  inside
  11. (Cantonese) to stock up on
  12. (Cantonese) to submit
    入いれ表ひょう [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 biu2 [Jyutping]  ―  to submit a form to the government
  13. (Cantonese) to input; to enter; to type into a computer
    入いれ分ぶん [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 fan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to input scores
    入いれ資料しりょう／入いれ资料 [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 zi1 liu6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to enter data
  14. (Cantonese, Hokkien) to put something into
    入いれ信しん封ふう [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 seon3 fung1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    入いれ袋ふくろ [Cantonese]  ―  jap6 doi6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  15. (literary, dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu, vulgar) to fuck; to have sexual intercourse
    Synonym: 日ひ
  16. (Chinese phonetics) Short for 入聲にっしょう／入声にっしょう (rùshēng, “the checked tone”).
    陽ひ入いれ／阳入いれ  ―  yángrù  ―  light checked tone
  17. (retail, usually after a number and optional classifier) piece (inside packaging); n-pack
    10入いれ  ―  10 rù  ―  10-pack
    100枚まい入いれ  ―  100 méi rù  ―  100 pieces
    6罐かん入いれ  ―  6 guàn rù  ―  6 cans pack
    10入いれ/盒,5元もと/入いれ  ―  10 rù / hé, 5 yuán / rù  ―  10 pieces per box, 5 yuan per piece

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 進すすむ (“to enter”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 入いれ
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 進すすむ
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 進すすむ
Taiwan 進すすむ
Malaysia 進すすむ
Singapore 進すすむ
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 進すすむ
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 進すすむ
Wanrong 進すすむ
Xi'an 進すすむ
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 進すすむ
Ürümqi 進すすむ
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 進すすむ
Guiyang 進すすむ
Guilin 進すすむ
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 進すすむ
Cantonese Guangzhou 入いれ
Hong Kong 入いれ
Taishan 入いれ
Dongguan 入いれ
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 入いれ
Singapore (Guangfu) 入いれ
Gan Lichuan 進すすむ
Hakka Meixian 入いれ
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 落, 入いれ
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 入いれ, 落
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 落, 入いれ
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 入いれ, 落
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 落, 入いれ
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 入いれ
Huizhou Jixi 進すすむ
Jin Xinzhou 進すすむ
Northern Min Jian'ou 裡うら
Eastern Min Fuzhou 裡うら
Matsu 裡うら
Singapore (Fuqing) 裡うら
Southern Min Xiamen 入いれ
Quanzhou 入いれ
Zhangzhou 入いれ
Zhao'an 入いれ
Tainan 入いれ
Penang (Hokkien) 入いれ
Singapore (Hokkien) 入いれ
Manila (Hokkien) 入いれ
Shantou 入いれ
Jieyang 入いれ
Singapore (Teochew) 入いれ
Leizhou 入いれ
Wenchang 入いれ
Haikou 入いれ
Singapore (Hainanese) 入いれ
Wu Shanghai 進すすむ
Danyang 進すすむ
Jinhua 進すすむ

See also

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The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調せいちょう／声こえ调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
平仄ひょうそく (píngzè) 平ひらた (píng)
平聲ひょうしょう／平声ひょうしょう (píngshēng) 		仄 (zè)
仄聲／仄声 (zèshēng)
平上たいらかみ去さ入いれ (píngshǎngqùrù)
四聲しせい／四声しせい (sìshēng) 		平ひらた (píng)
平聲ひょうしょう／平声ひょうしょう (píngshēng) 		上うえ (shǎng)
上聲じょうせい／上声じょうせい (shǎngshēng) 		去さ (qù)
去聲きょしょう／去声きょしょう (qùshēng) 		入いれ (rù)
入聲にっしょう／入声にっしょう (rùshēng)
標しるべ調ちょう方法ほうほう／标调方法ほうほう (biāodiào fāngfǎ)
標しめぎ調法ちょうほう／标调法ほう 		四角よつかど標しるべ調法ちょうほう／四角よつかど标调法ほう ꜀◌ ꜂◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜆
[Term?] ◌〪 ◌〫 ◌〬 ◌〭
傍點ぼうてん／傍点ぼうてん ∅ ◌〮 ◌〯 ∅
四聲しせい八はち調ちょう／四声しせい八はち调 陰平かげひら／阴平 (yīnpíng) 陽平ようへい／阳平 (yángpíng) 陰かげ上じょう／阴上 (yīnshǎng) 陽ひ上じょう／阳上 (yángshǎng) 陰かげ去さ／阴去 (yīnqù) 陽ひ去さ／阳去 (yángqù) 陰かげ入いれ／阴入 (yīnrù) 陽ひ入いれ／阳入 (yángrù)
陰かげ／阴 (yīn) 陽ひ／阳 (yáng)
標しるべ調ちょう方法ほうほう／标调方法ほうほう (biāodiào fāngfǎ)
標しめぎ調法ちょうほう／标调法ほう 		四角よつかど標しるべ調法ちょうほう／四角よつかど标调法ほう ꜀◌ ꜁◌ ꜂◌ ꜃◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜅ ◌꜆ ◌꜇
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調せいちょう／声こえ调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
四聲しせい／四声しせい (sìshēng) 陰平かげひら／阴平 (yīnpíng)
一聲いっせい／一声いっせい 		陽平ようへい／阳平 (yángpíng)
二に聲こえ／二に声こえ (èrshēng) 		上聲じょうせい／上声じょうせい (shǎngshēng)
三さん聲こえ／三さん声こえ (sānshēng) 		去聲きょしょう／去声きょしょう (qùshēng)
四聲しせい／四声しせい (sìshēng) 		輕けい聲こえ／轻声 (qīngshēng)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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入いれ

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to enter
  2. to insert

Readings

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Compounds

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Derived terms

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
入いれ
い(り)
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

The 連れん(れん)用よう(よう)形かたち(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 入いれ(い)る (iru, “to go in, to be in”)..[1][2][3][4]

Attested as a standalone noun since the early 1200s.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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入いれ(いり) • (iri) 

  1. [from early 1200s] entering, going in
  2. [from 1693] setting, such as a sunset or moonset (from the idea of the sun or moon going into the horizon)
  3. [from 1441] the beginning or first day of a period of time
  4. [date unclear] income, takings
    Synonym: 収入しゅうにゅう (shūnyū)
  5. [from 1774] a subtotal or portion of some larger payment amount
    Synonym: 内金うちきん (uchikin)
  6. [from 1929] an expense, an amount needed
  7. [from 1675] the amount of people or things that fit into a space: capacity; admission, admittance
    Synonyms: 容量ようりょう (yōryō, capacity), 入場にゅうじょう者しゃ数すう (nyūjō shasū, admission, number of people who have entered)
  8. [date uncertain] "on" switch, the "on" position for a switch
    Antonym: 切きり (kiri)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
入いれ
しお
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Counter

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入いれ(しお) • (-shio) 

  1. (archaic) counter for soakings (of fabric in a dye)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑こうじえん [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 “入いれ”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくご大だい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新しん明解めいかい国語こくご辞典じてん [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 入いれ (MC nyip).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

入いれ (eumhun 들 입 (deul ip))

  1. hanja form? of 입 (“enter”)
  2. hanja form? of 입 (“come in (to); join”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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入いれ: Hán Việt readings: nhập[1][2][3]
入いれ: Nôm readings: nhập[2][3], nhạp[3][4], nhấp[1], nhắp[1], vào[1], nhép[3], nhẹp[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of nhập (“to enter; to join”).

Compounds

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References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Hồ (1976).
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