溪けい

See also: 渓けい and 谿

溪けい U+6EAA, 溪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EAA ← 溩 [U+6EA9] CJK Unified Ideographs 溫ぬる → [U+6EAB]

Translingual

Han character

溪けい (Kangxi radical 85, 水みず+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水月すいげつ女おんな大だい (EBVK), four-corner 3213₄, composition ⿰氵奚)

Derived characters

• 𤐓, 𪷶, 𬉝, 鸂(㶉/𭰥), 𤄬, 𬞥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17967
• Dae Jaweon: page 1047, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1702, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6EAA

Chinese

trad.		溪けい
simp. #		溪けい
alternative forms		谿 豀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
謑	*qʰraːs, *qʰreːs, *ɡeːʔ
膎	*ɡreː
鞵	*ɡreː
榽	*ɡreː, *ɡeː
鷄にわとり	*keː
雞	*keː
谿	*kʰeː
嵠	*kʰeː
溪けい	*kʰeː
磎	*kʰeː
螇	*kʰeː, *ɡeː
鸂	*kʰeː
奚	*ɡeː
豯	*ɡeː
徯	*ɡeː, *ɡeːʔ
蹊	*ɡeː
騱	*ɡeː
傒	*ɡeː
鼷	*ɡeː
蒵	*ɡeː, *ɡeːs
貕	*ɡeː
慀	*ɡeːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *kʰeː) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 奚 (OC *ɡeː).

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *gle, whence Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao tl̥e (“river”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Tibetan རྐ (rka, “gutter; channel”) (Sagart, 2020b).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xī, qī (xi¹, qi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄑㄧ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kai¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): kai¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): qi¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hâi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hai¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): xi¹
• Northern Min (KCR): kái
• Eastern Min (BUC): kă̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khoe / khe / khere

  (Teochew, Peng'im): koi¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹chi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xī
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: si
    • Wade–Giles: hsi¹
    • Yale: syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, dated variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qī
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ci
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi¹
    • Yale: chī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kai¹
    • Yale: kāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: kei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: kai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰai³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâi
    • Hakka Romanization System: hai^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hai¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hai̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hai¹
    • Sinological IPA: /haɪ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xi¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕi¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰai⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kă̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoe
    • Tâi-lô: khue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kʰue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kʰue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khe
    • Tâi-lô: khe
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /kʰe⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰe³³/
  • (Hokkien: Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khere
    • Tâi-lô: khere

Note:

• Xiamen, Quanzhou:
  • khoe - vernacular;
  • khe - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: koi¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khoi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoi³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹chi
    • MiniDict: chi^平ひらた
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: khej

Rime
Character	溪けい
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	溪けい (29)
Final (韻いん)	齊ひとし (39)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	IV
Fanqie	苦く奚切きり
Baxter	khej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰei/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛj/
Li Rong	/kʰei/
Wang Li	/kʰiei/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hai1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤe/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰeː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	溪けい
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ khej ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰˁe/
English	valley with stream in it
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溪けい
Reading #	1/1
No.	13360
Phonetic component	奚
Rime group	支ささえ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	谿
Old Chinese	/*kʰeː/
Notes	同どう谿

Definitions

溪けい

1. stream; creek; brook; rivulet; rill (Classifier: 條じょう／条じょう m c)
2. (dialectal) river (Classifier: 條じょう／条じょう mn)

   濁水だくすい溪けい／浊水溪けい [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  Lô-chúi-khe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Zhuoshui River

   • 2006, “濁水だくすい溪けい之の戀こい”, 武雄たけお (lyrics), 蕭しょう煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao] (music)‎^[1]performed by 詹雅雯 [Chan Ya-wen] and 蕭しょう煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao]:

     夢中むちゅう定てい定じょう甲きのえ伊い行くだり過か彼かれ條じょう溪けい　猶原なおはら流ながれ著しる一いち段だん委ゆだね屈こごめ的てき身み世よ [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     梦中定てい定じょう甲きのえ伊い行くだり过彼かれ条じょう溪けい　犹原流ながれ著しる一いち段だん委ゆだね屈こごめ的てき身み世よ [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     bāng-tiong tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ kah i kiâⁿ kòe hit tiâu khe, iu-goân lâu-tio̍h chi̍t tōaⁿ úi-khut ê sin-sè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (Eastern Min) unsophisticated; gauche; stupid
4. (～母はは) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 溪けい (MC khej)
5. a surname: Xi

See also

• 川かわ (chuān)
• 河かわ (hé)
• 江こう (jiāng)

Compounds

• 下しも淡水たんすい溪けい
• 三溪さんけい (Sānxī)
• 九きゅう畹溪 (Jiǔwǎnxī)
• 八はち掌てのひら溪けい
• 剡溪
• 卓たく溪けい (Zhuóxī)
• 周しゅう溪けい (Zhōuxī)
• 四よん溪けい (Sìxī)
• 大安だいあん溪けい
• 大溪おおたに (Dàxī)
• 大溪おおたに地ち (Dàxīdì)
• 大だい甲きのえ溪けい
• 大だい肚溪
• 太平たいへい溪けい (Tàipíngxī, “Taipingxi”)
• 孟はじめ家か溪けい (Mèngjiāxī)
• 小しょう溪けい口こう (Xiǎoxīkǒu)
• 小しょう溪けい塔とう (Xiǎoxītǎ)
• 小しょう溪けい河かわ (Xiǎoxīhé)
• 山やま溪けい (shānxī)
• 山やま溪けい坳 (Shānxī'ào)
• 岳たけ溪けい (Yuèxī)
• 左ひだり溪けい寺てら (Zuǒxīsì)
• 巫みこ溪けい (Wūxī)
• 平たいら溪けい (Píngxī)
• 廣こう溪けい峽かい／广溪峡かい
• 新店しんてん溪けい
• 昂のぼる昂のぼる溪けい (Áng'ángxī)
• 曾文溪けい
• 本もと溪けい (Běnxī)
• 杉林すぎばやし溪けい
• 林家はやしや溪けい (Línjiāxī)
• 東あずま溪けい／东溪 (Dōngxī)
• 栗ぐり溪けい (Lìxī)
• 楊溪灣わん／杨溪湾わん (Yángxīwān)
• 楊溪鋪しき／杨溪铺 (Yángxīpù)
• 樂らく天溪てんけい／乐天溪てんけい (Lètiānxī)
• 檀だん溪けい (Tánxī)
• 歷れき溪けい／历溪 (Lìxī)
• 沙すな溪けい (Shāxī)
• 沙すな鎮溪／沙すな镇溪 (Shāzhènxī)
• 泉いずみ溪けい (Quánxī)
• 洋よう溪けい (Yángxī)
• 浣紗溪けい／浣纱溪けい
• 浣花溪けい
• 清せい溪けい (Qīngxī)
• 淯溪 (Yùxī)
• 溪けい丘おか灣わん／溪けい丘おか湾わん (Xīqiūwān)
• 溪けい仔こ (khe-á) (Min Nan)
• 溪けい友とも (xīyǒu)
• 溪けい口こう坪つぼ (Xīkǒupíng)
• 溪けい壑
• 溪けい客きゃく
• 溪けい州しゅう (Xīzhōu)
• 溪けい床ゆか (xīchuáng)
• 溪けい林りん (Xīlín)
• 溪けい東ひがし／溪けい东
• 溪けい步ふ
• 溪流けいりゅう (xīliú)
• 溪けい湖こ (Xīhú)
• 溪けい澗／溪けい涧 (xījiàn)
• 溪けい藤ふじ
• 溪谷けいこく (xīgǔ)
• 溪けい錢ぜに／溪けい钱
• 溪けい頭あたま／溪けい头
• 溪けい鴨かも／溪けい鸭
• 漿溪店てん／浆溪店てん (Jiāngxīdiàn)
• 濁水だくすい溪けい／浊水溪けい (Zhuóshuǐxī)
• 濂溪
• 玉たま溪けい (Yùxī)
• 碧あお溪けい
• 磨すり針はり溪けい／磨すり针溪
• 礁溪 (Jiāoxī)
• 磻溪
• 礁溪鄉きょう／礁溪乡
• 秀しゅう姑しゅうと巒溪／秀しゅう姑しゅうと峦溪
• 端溪たんけい
• 竹たけ溪けい六ろく逸いっ
• 竹たけ溪けい／竹たけ谿 (zhúxī)
• 米べい潭溪 (Mǐtánxī)
• 苕溪
• 若わか耶溪
• 蘭らん陵りょう溪けい／兰陵溪けい (Lánlíngxī)
• 蘭らん陽ひ溪けい／兰阳溪けい (Lányángxī)
• 螺にし溪けい石せき硯すずり／螺にし溪けい石せき砚
• 螺にし溪けい硯すずり／螺にし溪けい砚
• 豐ゆたか溪けい／丰溪 (Fēngxī)
• 赤あか溪けい河かわ (Chìxīhé)
• 雙そう溪けい／双そう溪けい (shuāngxī)
• 霅溪
• 香こう溪けい源げん (Xiāngxīyuán)
• 馬うま躍おど檀だん溪けい／马跃檀だん溪けい
• 鯉こい溪けい／鲤溪 (Lǐxī)
• 鱷溪／鳄溪
• 龍溪りゅうけい／龙溪 (Lóngxī)

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 溪けい – see 谿 (“used in compounds”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 谿).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

• “溪けい”, in 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	渓けい
Kyūjitai	溪けい

Kanji

溪けい

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 渓けい)

1. valley

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: けい (kei)
• Kun: たに (tani, 溪けい)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 溪けい (MC khej). Recorded as Middle Korean 계 (kyey) (Yale: kyey) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

溪けい (eumhun 시내 계 (sinae gye))

1. hanja form^? of 계 (“stream”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 계곡 (溪谷けいこく, gyegok)
• 계류 (溪流けいりゅう, gyeryu)
• 청계 (淸せい溪けい, cheonggye)
• 계수 (溪けい水すい, gyesu)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

溪けい: Hán Nôm readings: khe, khê

1. Creek or stream