漢字かんじ

See also: 汉字

Chinese

		Chinese; name of a dynasty; man	letter; symbol; character letter; symbol; character; word
trad. (漢字かんじ)		漢かん	字じ
simp. (汉字)		汉	字じ

漢字かんじ／汉字 (hànzì): Chinese characters, showing the Traditional Chinese script on the left, and Simplified Chinese script on the right.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): hànzì

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄗˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ханзы (hanzɨ, III-III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hon³ zi⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hon¹ du⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): hon³ ci²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hon-sṳ
• Eastern Min (BUC): háng-cê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hàn-jī / hàn-lī

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hang³ ri⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵hoe-zy

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hànzì
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄗˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hànzìh
    • Wade–Giles: han⁴-tzŭ⁴
    • Yale: hàn-dz̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanntzyh
    • Palladius: ханьцзы (xanʹczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 汗あせ漬づけ／汗あせ渍 漢字かんじ／汉字

  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ханзы (hanzɨ, III-III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xæ̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon³ zi⁶
    • Yale: hon jih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon³ dzi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon³ ji⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn³³ t͡siː²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hon¹ du⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hᵘɔn³³ tu³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: hon³ ci²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵn²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hon-sṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: hon sii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hon⁴ si⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hon⁵⁵ sɨ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: háng-cê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(t͡s-)ʒɛi²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàn-jī
    • Tâi-lô: hàn-jī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: harnji
    • IPA (Penang): /han²¹⁻³³ d͡zi²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²¹⁻⁴¹ zi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /han²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zi²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàn-lī
    • Tâi-lô: hàn-lī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: harnli
    • IPA (Taipei): /han¹¹⁻⁵³ li³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /han²¹⁻⁵³ li²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ li⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hang³ ri⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hàng jī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zi¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵hoe-zy
    • MiniDict: hoe^去さ zy
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²hoe-zr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hø³³ zz̩⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: xanH dziH

Rime
Character	漢かん	字じ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	曉あかつき (32)	從したがえ (15)
Final (韻いん)	寒さむ (61)	之これ (19)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I	III
Fanqie	呼よび旰切きり	疾やまし置おけ切きり
Baxter	xanH	dziH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑnH/	/d͡zɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑnH/	/d͡zɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑnH/	/d͡zieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hanH/	/d͡zɨH/
Li Rong	/xɑnH/	/d͡ziəH/
Wang Li	/xɑnH/	/d͡zĭəH/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɑnH/	/d͡zʱiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hàn	zì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hon3	zi6

Noun

漢字かんじ

1. Chinese character; Han character; hanzi

   • 顯宗けんそう曰：「每日まいにち先さき教きょう漢字かんじ，至いたり申さる時とき漢字かんじ課か畢，教きょう女おんな直じき小しょう字じ，習國くに朝あさ語かたり。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     显宗曰：「每日まいにち先さき教きょう汉字，至いたり申さる时汉字课毕，教きょう女おんな直じき小しょう字じ，习国くに朝あさ语。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1343-1345, 《金きむ史ふみ·卷まき九きゅう十じゅう八はち·完かん顏がお匡ただし》 (History of Jin)

     Xiǎnzōng yuē: “Měirì xiān jiào hànzì, zhì shēn shí hànzì kè bì, jiào nǚzhí xiǎo zì, xí guócháo yǔ.” [Pinyin]

     Xiǎnzōng said: “Every day first teach hanzi, until 3–5pm when hanzi class ends. Teach the Jurchen people small characters, and they will learn the language of this dynasty.”

   • 不ふ錯，漢字かんじ是これ古代こだい傳つて下した來らい的てき寶貝ほうがい，但ただし我わが們的てき祖先そせん，比ひ漢字かんじ還かえ要よう古ふる，所以ゆえん我わが們更さら是これ古代こだい傳つて下した來らい的てき寶貝ほうがい。爲ため漢字かんじ而犧牲ぎせい我わが們，還かえ是これ爲ため我わが們而犧牲ぎせい漢字かんじ呢？ [MSC, trad.]
     不ふ错，汉字是これ古代こだい传下した来らい的てき宝たから贝，但ただし我わが们的てき祖先そせん，比ひ汉字还要よう古ふる，所以ゆえん我わが们更さら是これ古代こだい传下した来らい的てき宝たから贝。为汉字而牺牲我わが们，还是为我わが们而牺牲汉字呢？ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1934, 魯迅ろじん (Lu Xun) 《漢字かんじ和わ拉ひしげ丁ひのと化か》 (Han character and its Latinization)

     Bùcuò, hànzì shì gǔdài chuán xiàlái de bǎobèi, dàn wǒmen de zǔxiān, bǐ hànzì hái yào gǔ, suǒyǐ wǒmen gèng shì gǔdài chuán xiàlái de bǎobèi. Wèi hànzì ér xīshēng wǒmen, háishì wèi wǒmen ér xīshēng hànzì ne? [Pinyin]

     Yes, Chinese characters are a treasure passed down from antiquity, but our ancestors are even more ancient, so we are more so a treasure passed down from antiquity. Will we sacrifice Chinese characters for our sake, or will we sacrifice ourselves for the sake of Chinese characters?

Synonyms

edit

• 中國ちゅうごく字じ／中国ちゅうごく字じ (zhōngguózì)
• 中ちゅう文字もじ (zhōngwénzì)
• 咱人字じ (Hokkien)
• 唐人とうじん字じ (Hokkien)
• 唐から字じ (tong⁴ zi⁶) (Cantonese)
• 國字こくじ／国字こくじ (guózì)
• 漢かん文字もじ／汉文字もじ (Hokkien)

 

Derived terms

• 和國わこく漢字かんじ／和国わこく汉字 (héguóhànzì)
• 漢字かんじ圈けん／汉字圈けん (hànzìquān)
• 漢字かんじ文化ぶんか圈けん／汉字文化ぶんか圈けん (hànzì wénhuàquān)
• 漢字かんじ詞し／汉字词 (hànzìcí)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (漢字かんじ):

• → Japanese: 漢字かんじ(かんじ) (kanji)
• → Okinawan: 漢字かんじ(かんじ) (kanji)
• → Korean: 한자(漢字かんじ) (hanja)
• → Vietnamese: Hán tự (漢字かんじ)

Others:

• → English: Hanzi, hanzi
• → French: hanzi
• → German: Hanzi
• → Indonesian: honji, hanzi
• → Malay: hanzi
• → Mongolian:

  Cyrillic script: ханз (xanz)

  Mongolian script: ᠬᠠᠨᠵᠢ (qanǰi)

• → Russian: ханьцзы́ (xanʹczý)
• → Spanish: hanzi
• → Swedish: hanzi
• → Thai: ฮั่นจื้อ (hân-jʉ̂ʉ)
• → Turkish: hanzi

See also

• 繁體字はんたいじ／繁体字はんたいじ (fántǐzì)
• 簡體字かんたいじ／简体字じ (jiǎntǐzì)
• 異體いたい字じ／异体字じ (yìtǐzì)

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
漢かん	字じ
かん Grade: 3	じ Grade: 1
goon

Alternative spelling
漢字 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese compound 漢字かんじ (MC xanH dziH, literally “Han Chinese + character”). Compare modern Mandarin 漢字かんじ／汉字 (hànzì), Hokkien 漢字かんじ／汉字 (hàn-jī / hàn-lī).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かんじ [kàńjí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) • (kanji) 

1. kanji

Usage notes

The term literally means “Chinese characters”, and refers broadly to any such ideographic or logographic character originating in written Chinese, or created anew along similar lines. This latter category includes some characters created in Japan from originally Chinese elements and called 国字こくじ (kokuji, literally “national (i.e. Japanese) characters”), and other characters that were modified over time into distinctly Japanese forms and called 新しん字体じたい (shinjitai, literally “new character forms”). Contrast with 仮名かめい (kana, literally “borrowed label”), uniquely Japanese phonetic characters derived either from cursive forms of kanji (the 平仮名ひらがな (hiragana)) or from shorthand that abbreviated characters to use just specific parts of the original kanji (the 片仮名かたかな (katakana)).

Synonyms

• 真名まな(まな) (mana), 真ま字じ(まな) (mana)
• 男おとこ(おとこ)手て(で) (otokode)
• 男おとこ(おとこ)文ぶん(も)字じ(じ) (otokomoji)

 

Hyponyms

• 国くに(こく)字じ(じ) (kokuji)
• 和わ(わ)製せい(せい)漢かん(かん)語かたり(ご) (wasei kango)
• 和わ(わ)製せい(せい)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (wasei kanji)

 

Derived terms

• 漢かん(かん)字じ(じ)圏けん(けん) (kanjiken)
• 漢かん(かん)字じ(じ)語かたり(ご) (kanjigo)
• 振ふ(ふ)り漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (furikanji)
• 教きょう(きょう)育いく(いく)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (kyōiku kanji)
• 常つね(じょう)用よう(よう)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (jōyō kanji)
• 当とう(とう)用よう(よう)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (tōyō kanji)
• 表ひょう(ひょう)外そと(がい)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (hyōgai kanji)
• 補ほ(ほ)助すけ(じょ)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (hojo kanji)
• 漢かん(かん)字じ(じ)文ぶん(ぶん)化か(か)圏けん(けん) (kanji bunkaken)
• 常つね(じょう)用よう(よう)外そと(がい)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (jōyōgai kanji)
• 人ひと(じん)名な(めい)用よう(よう)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (jinmeiyō kanji)
• 難なん(なん)読(どく)漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (nandoku kanji)

 

Descendants

• → English: Kanji, kanji
• → French: kanji
• → German: Kanji
• → Indonesian: kanji
• → Portuguese: kanji
• → Russian: кандзи́ (kandzí)
• → Spanish: kanji
• → Thai: คันจิ (kan-jì)

See also

• 平ひらた(ひら)仮かり(が)名な(な) (hiragana)
• 片へん(かた)仮かり(か)名な(な) (katakana)
• 変へん(へん)体からだ(たい)仮かり(が)名な(な) (hentaigana)
• 仮名かめい(かな) (kana)
• 新しん(しん)字じ(じ)体からだ(たい) (shinjitai)
• 旧きゅう(きゅう)字じ(じ)体からだ(たい) (kyūjitai)
• 異こと(い)体からだ(たい)字じ(じ) (itaiji)
• 略りゃく(りゃく)字じ(じ) (ryakuji)

 

Korean

Hanja in this term
漢かん	字じ

Noun

漢字かんじ • (hanja) (hangeul 한자)

1. hanja form^? of 한자 (“Chinese character; hanja”)

Okinawan

Etymology

Kanji in this term
漢かん	字じ
かん Grade: 3	じ Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
漢字 (kyūjitai)

Attested in the 沖縄おきなわ語ご典てん (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as かんじ. Borrowed from Japanese 漢字かんじ (kanji).

Noun

漢かん(かん)字じ(じ) (kanji) 

1. (hapax, ghost word, obsolete) kanji; Chinese character

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
漢かん	字じ

Noun

漢字かんじ

1. chữ Hán form of Hán tự (“Chinese character”).