lacrima

See also: lacrimá, lacrimã, lacrimă, and lăcrima

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈla.kri.ma/

Noun

lacrima (plural lacrimas)

1. tear (from the eye, usually due to crying)

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈla.kri.ma/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -akrima
• Hyphenation: là‧cri‧ma

Etymology 1

From Latin lacrima.

Alternative forms

• lagrima

Noun

lacrima f (plural lacrime)

1. tear (drop of fluid secreted from the eyes)

Alternative forms

• lagrima (archaic or poetic)

Related terms

• lacrimale
• lacrimare
• lacrimatorio
• lacrimazione
• lacrimevole
• lacrimogeno
• lacrimoso
• lacrima christi

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lacrima

1. inflection of lacrimare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

References

• lacrima in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• calarmi

Latin

Alternative forms

• lacruma, dacrima, dacruma (pre-Classical)
• lacryma, lachryma (post-classical)

Etymology

From Old Latin dacrima, dacruma, from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru-, from earlier compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈla.kri.ma/, [ˈɫ̪äkrɪmä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈla.kri.ma/, [ˈläːkrimä]

Noun

lacrima f (genitive lacrimae); first declension

1. (literally) a tear (drop of liquid from crying)
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.314:

     “[...] Per ego hās lacrimās dextramque tuam tē [...].”

     “I [who] through these tears and [by] your own right hand”

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti :

     'sistite vos lacrimas, ipsa medebor' ait.

     'Hold back your tears,' she said. 'I will heal him myself.'

2. (transferred sense) a tear or gumdrop exuding from plants

Inflection

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lacrima	lacrimae
Genitive	lacrimae	lacrimārum
Dative	lacrimae	lacrimīs
Accusative	lacrimam	lacrimās
Ablative	lacrimā	lacrimīs
Vocative	lacrima	lacrimae

Derived terms

• lacrimor
• lacrimula
• lacrimābilis
• lacrimābundus
• lacrimālis
• lacrimātiō
• lacrimō
• lacrimōsus
• lacrimōsē

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: lacãrmã, lacrimã, lacrãmã, lãcrimeauã
  • Romanian: lacrămă, lacrimă
• Italo-Romance:
  • Istriot: lagrama
  • Italian: lacrima, lagrima
  • Neapolitan: làcrema, làgrema
  • Sicilian: làcrima, làgrima, làrima
• North Italian: (forms with /ɡ/ perhaps borrowed from Italian or Venetian)
  • Emilian: làgrima
  • Friulian: lagrime
  • Lombard: làgrima
  • Piedmontese: lerma, larma
  • Romansch: larma
  • Venetian: łàgrema, làgrema
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: llàgrima
  • Franco-Provençal: legrema, lârma
  • Old French: lerme, larme
    • French: larme
  • Occitan: lagrema (most dialects)

    Auvergnat: larma

    Gascon: larma, lhèrma

    Limousin: grema, gramela, grumilha

    Provençal: lagrima

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: glarima, lagrima, lacrima

    Ribagorçan: llárima, llágrima, gllárima

  • Asturian: llárima, llágrima, llégrima, llérima, llarma
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: lagrima, lagrema
    • Galician: lágrima
    • Portuguese: lágrima
  • Old Spanish: lagrema, lagrima
    • Ladino: lágrima
    • Spanish: lágrima
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: làcrima, làgrima, làmigra
• Vulgar Latin: *lacrimidiāre (see there for further descendants)

References

• “lacrima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lacrima”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• lacrima in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• lacrima in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    
  • with tears in one's eyes: lacrimis obortis
    
  • with many tears: multis cum lacrimis
    
  • to be unable to speak for emotion: prae lacrimis loqui non posse
    
  • hence these tears; there's the rub: hinc illae lacrimae (proverb.) (Ter. And. 1. 1. 99; Cael. 25. 61)
    
  • crocodiles' tears: lacrimae simulatae
    
  • (ambiguous) to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    
  • (ambiguous) to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: lacrimas tenere non posse
    
  • (ambiguous) to move to tears: lacrimas or fletum alicui movere
    
  • (ambiguous) to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere
    

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈla.kri.ma]

Noun

lacrima f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of lacrimă

Spanish

Verb

lacrima

1. inflection of lacrimar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative