Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include common genetic variants and potentially heavy alcohol consumption. [...]

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. [...]

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), a common treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause, is associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). To inform CRC risk prediction and MHT risk-benefit assessment, we aimed to evaluate the joint association of a polygenic risk score (PRS) for CRC and MHT on CRC risk.We used data from 28,486 postmenopausal women (11,519 cases and 16,967 controls) of European descent. [...]

Obesity has been positively associated with most molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the magnitude and the causality of these associations is uncertain.We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine potential causal relationships between body size traits (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, and body fat percentage) with risks of Jass classification types and individual subtypes of CRC (microsatellite instability [MSI] status, CpG island methylator phenotype [CIMP] status, BRAF and KRAS mutations). Summary data on tumour markers were obtained from two genetic consortia (CCFR, GECCO).A 1-standard deviation (SD:5.1 kg/m2) increment in BMI levels was found to increase risks of Jass type 1MSI-high,CIMP-high,BRAF-mutated,KRAS-wildtype (odds ratio [OR]: 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46, 3.13; p-value = 9 × 10-5) and Jass type 2non-MSI-high,CIMP-high,BRAF-mutated,KRAS-wildtype CRC (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.86; p-value = 0.005). [...]

In-frame BRAF exon 12 deletions are increasingly identified in various tumor types. The resultant BRAFΔでるたβべーた3-αあるふぁC oncoproteins usually lack five amino acids in the βべーた3-αあるふぁC helix linker and sometimes contain de novo insertions. [...]

Diabetes is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship still require investigation and it is not known if the association is modified by genetic variants. [...]

There are conflicting data on whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer (PC). Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we investigated the relationship between genetic predisposition to NAFLD and risk for PC.Data from genome-wide association studies within the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan; cases n=5090, controls n=8733) and the Pancreatic Cancer Case Control Consortium (PanC4; cases n=4,163, controls n=3,792) were analyzed. [...]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk can be impacted by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including diet and obesity. Gene-environment (G×E) interactions can provide biological insights into the effects of obesity on CRC risk. [...]