Taxon:  Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg



Summary
Genus:
Artocarpus
Subgenus:
Artocarpus
Family:
Moraceae
Tribe:
Artocarpeae
Nomen number:
4319
Place of publication:
J. Washington Acad. Sci. 31:95.  1941
Verified:
12/16/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
232 (194  active, 34  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Sitodium altile Parkinson

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. var. communis
Artocarpus incisus (Thunb.) L. f.
Radermachia incisa Thunb.

No images


Conservation Status

Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  2. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  3. Berg, C. C. 2001. Moreae, Artocarpeae, and Dorstenia (Moraceae) with introductions to the family and Ficus and with additions and corrections to Flora Neotropica Monograph 7. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 83:143.
  4. Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980-. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon. Note: = Artocarpus incisus L. f.
  5. Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note:
    • Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawai'i
    • http://www.traditionaltree.org/
  6. Ferrer-Gallego, P. P. & F. Boisset. 2018. The naming and typification of the breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis, and breadnut, A. camansi (Moraceae). Willdenowia 48:125-135.
  7. Florence, J. 1997-. Flore de la Polynésie française.
  8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  9. Gardner, E. M. et al. 2021. Paralogs and off-target sequences improve phylogenetic resolution in a densely sampled study of the breadfruit genus (Artocarpus, Moraceae). Syst. Biol. 70:558-575. DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa073. Note: a member of a monophyletic subgenus Artocarpus
  10. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  11. Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
  12. Jones, A. M. P. et al. 2013. Morphological diversity in breadfruit (Artocarpus, Moraceae): insights into domestication, conservation, and cultivar identification. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 60:175-192.
  13. Li, B. et al. 2022. Starch characterizations of two kinds of seedless Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg originated from China. Food Hydrocoll. 123:107145. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107145.
  14. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
  15. Merrill, E. D. 1922-1926. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants. Note: = Artocarpus incisus L. f.
  16. Personal Care Products Council. International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
  17. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  18. Ragone, D. 1994. Description of Pacific Island breadfruit cultivars. Acta Hort. 413:93-98.
  19. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  20. Salma, I. et al. 2006. Diversity and use of traditional fruit species in selected home gardens or fruit orchards in Malaysia. J. Trop. Agric. Food Sci. 34:149-164.
  21. Smith, A. C. 1979-1991. Flora vitiensis nova.
  22. Smitinand, T. & K. Larsen, eds. 1970-. Flora of Thailand.
  23. Steenis, C. G. G. J. van, ed. 1948-. Flora malesiana.
  24. Verheij, E. W. M. & R. E. Coronel, eds. 1991. Edible fruits and nuts. In: Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds., Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 2:83.
  25. Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986-2000. European garden flora.
  26. Williams, E. W. et al. 2017. Out of Borneo: biogeography, phylogeny and divergence date estimates of Artocarpus (Moraceae). Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 1-17. Note: it supported four subgenera in Artocarpus; Artocarpus altilis grouped with A. mariannensis and A. camansi in subgenus Artocarpus
  27. Witherup, C. et al. 2013. Development of microsatellite loci in Artocarpus altilis (Moraceae) and cross-amplification in congeneric species. Applic. Pl. Sci. 1(7):1200423.
  28. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
  29. Zerega, N. J. C. et al. 2004. Complex origins of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae): Implications for human migrations in Oceania. Amer. J. Bot. 91:760-766.
  30. Zerega, N. J. C. et al. 2005. Systematics and species limits of breadfruit (Artocarpus, Moraceae). Syst. Bot. 30:603-615. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
  31. Zerega, N. J. C. et al. 2010. Phylogeny and recircumscription of Artocarpeae (Moraceae) with a focus on Artocarpus. Syst. Bot. 35:766-782. www.aspt.net/systematic-botany
Common names
LanguageNameAlternate namenoteseqCitation
Englishbreadfruit  1Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Englishdugdug as A. mariannensis; http://www.agroforestry.net/tti/A.mariannensis-dugdug.pdf1Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note:
  • Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawai'i
  • http://www.traditionaltree.org/
Frencharbre à pain  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
GermanBrotfruchtbaum  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Hawaiian'ulu  2Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note:
  • Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawai'i
  • http://www.traditionaltree.org/
Malaysiansukun  2Salma, I. et al. 2006. Diversity and use of traditional fruit species in selected home gardens or fruit orchards in Malaysia. J. Trop. Agric. Food Sci. 34:149-164.
Portuguesefruta-pão  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishárbol del pan  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanishfruta de pan  2Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedishbrödfrukt  2Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesiaMaluku 
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
1NativeAsia-TropicalPapuasiaIndonesiaPapua 
1NativeAsia-TropicalPapuasiaPapua New Guinea  
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificMicronesia perhaps indigenous
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificPalau  
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificUnited StatesGuam 
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificUnited StatesNorthern Mariana Islands 
1NativePacificSouthwestern PacificVanuatu perhaps indigenous
2Cultivated    cult. throughout tropics
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalPapuasiaSolomon Islands perhaps indigenous
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificFrench Polynesia  
Native
Asia-Tropical
  • PAPUASIA: Indonesia [Papua], Papua New Guinea
  • MALESIA: Indonesia [Maluku], Philippines
Pacific
  • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia (perhaps indigenous), Palau, United States [Guam, Northern Mariana Islands]
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Vanuatu (perhaps indigenous)
Cultivated (cult. throughout tropics)
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
  • PAPUASIA: Solomon Islands (perhaps indigenous)
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Human foodfruit Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Human foodseeds Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Human foodstarch Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Human foodstarch Li, B. et al. 2022. Starch characterizations of two kinds of seedless Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg originated from China. Food Hydrocoll. 123:107145. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107145.
Human foodvegetable Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Materialslatex/rubber Jarrett, F. M. 1959. Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera, III. A revision of Artocarpus subgenus Artocarpus (cont.). J. Arnold Arbor. 40:307-323. Note: = Artocarpus communis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=4319. Accessed 25 May 2024.