Pharmaceutical analysis is a discipline based on chemical, physical, biological, and
information technologies. At present, biotechnological analysis is a short branch in …

Abstract Background Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a recognized health-food, and the contributions
of its different candidate A-genome progenitor species remain inconclusive. Here, we report …

A characteristic feature of eukaryote and prokaryote genomes is the co-occurrence of
nucleotide substitution and insertion/deletion (indel) mutations. Although similar …

Dendrobium orchids have multiple photosynthetic pathways, which can be used as a model
system for studying the evolution of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). In this study …

Ultra-barcoding is a technique using whole plastomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA)
sequences for plant species identification. Paris yunnanensis is a medicinal plant of great …

Background Mitochondrial genomes are essential for deciphering the unique evolutionary
history of seed plants. However, the rules of their extreme variation in genomic size, multi …

Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao), a typical multi-origin Chinese medicinal material,
originates from the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora or P. veitchii. The previous study …

Dendrobium officinale, an important orchid plant with great horticultural and medicinal
values, frequently suffers from abiotic or biotic stresses in the wild, which may influence its …

Accurate species delimitation and identification, which is a challenging task in traditional
morphology-based taxonomy, is crucial to species conservation. Ottelia acuminata …

Abstract Polygonati Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine important to the
pharmaceutical and food industries, is frequently adulterated with morphologically similar …