Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating autoimmune disease that can result in
substantial morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis and treatment of SLE are clinical challenges …

Background Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is a complex and clinically heterogeneous
autoimmune disease. A variety of immunological defects contribute to SLE, including …

Caroline Gordon1, 2, 3, Maame-Boatemaa Amissah-Arthur1, Mary Gayed1, 3, Sue Brown4,
Ian N. Bruce5, 6, David D'Cruz7, Benjamin Empson8, Bridget Griffiths9, David Jayne10, 11 …

Success with B cell depletion using rituximab has proven the concept that B lineage cells
represent a valid target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and has promoted the …

B cells are regarded for their capacity to produce antibody. However, recent advances in B
cell biology have capitalized on old findings and demonstrated that B cells also release a …

Objectives Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE). All current treatment regimens include oral steroids, which are associated with severe …

Objective B cells are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE), and rituximab induces depletion of B cells. The Exploratory Phase II/III …

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease with variable
presentations, course and prognosis. We sought to develop evidence-based …

A minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is an important concept used to determine
whether a medical intervention improves perceived outcomes in patients. Prior to the …

Graves' hyperthyroidism is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that stimulate
the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), resulting in uncontrolled secretion of …