Ferroelectric and ferroelastic domain walls are 2D topological defects with thicknesses
approaching the unit cell level. When this spatial confinement is combined with observations …

Directional transport and propagation of quantum particle and current, such as electron,
photon, spin, and phonon, are known to occur in the materials system with broken inversion …

The advent of two-dimensional (2D) magnets offers unprecedented control over electrons
and spins. A key factor in determining exchange coupling and magnetic order is symmetry …

Materials with a coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric order—multiferroics—provide an
efficient route for the control of magnetism by electric fields. The study of multiferroics dates …

Abstract Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3, BFO) as one of the few single-phase room-temperature
multiferroics, has aroused ever-increasing enthusiasm in research communities during the …

Rectified electric current induced by irradiating light, a so-called photocurrent, is an
established phenomenon in optoelectronic physics. In this paper, we present a …

The toroidal dipole is a localized electromagnetic excitation, distinct from the magnetic and
electric dipoles. While the electric dipole can be understood as a pair of opposite charges …

The search of novel quasi‐1D materials is one of the important aspects in the field of
material science. Toroidal moment, the order parameter of ferrotoroidic order, can be …

Multiferroics are those materials with more than one ferroic order, and magnetoelectricity
refers to the mutual coupling between magnetism (spins and/or magnetic field) and …

Energy bands in antiferromagnets are supposed to be spin degenerate in the absence of
spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Recent studies have identified formal symmetry conditions for …