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 Orion Nebula -- The Orion Nebula (also known as Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976) is a glowing emission nebula with a greenish hue and is situated below Orion's Belt. It is one of the brightest nebulae visible to the ... > full article
 Space observatory -- A space observatory is any instrument in outer space which is used for observation of distant planets, galaxies, and other outer space objects. A large number of observatories have been launched into ... > full article
 Galaxy formation and evolution -- The formation of galaxies is still one of the most active research areas in astrophysics; and, to some extent, this is also true for galaxy evolution. Some ideas, however, are now widely accepted. ... > full article
 Astrophysics -- Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, temperature and chemical composition) of astronomical ... > full article
Large-scale structure of the cosmos -- Astronomy and cosmology examine the universe to understand the large-scale structure of the cosmos. Currently, many large structures have been found; stars are organised into galaxies which in turn ... > full article
 Galaxy -- A galaxy is a massive gravitationally bound system of stars, interstellar gas and dust, and dark matter. Typical galaxies contain ten million to one trillion stars, all orbiting a common center of ... > full article
 Cepheid variable -- A Cepheid variable or Cepheid is a member of a particular class of variable stars, notable for a fairly tight correlation between their period of variability and absolute luminosity. Since the ... > full article
Supergiant -- Supergiants are the most massive stars. Supergiants can have masses from 10 to 70 solar masses and brightness from 30,000 up to hundreds of thousands times the solar luminosity. They vary greatly in ... > full article
 Barred spiral galaxy -- A barred spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a band of bright stars emerging from the center and running across the middle of the ... > full article
 Edwin Hubble -- Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 - September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer, noted for his discovery of galaxies beyond the Milky Way and the cosmological redshift. Edwin Hubble was one ... > full article
 Hubble Deep Field -- The Hubble Deep Field (HDF) is an image of a small region of the sky, based on the results of a series of observations by the Hubble Space Telescope. The field is so small that only a few foreground ... > full article
 Planetary nebula -- A planetary nebula is an astronomical object consisting of a glowing shell of gas and plasma formed by certain types of stars at the end of their lives. They are in fact unrelated to planets; the ... > full article
 Quasar -- A quasar is an astronomical source of electromagnetic energy, including light, which shows a very high redshift. The scientific consensus is that this high redshift is the result of Hubble's law. ... > full article
 Star cluster -- Star clusters are groups of stars which are gravitationally bound. Two distinct types of star cluster can be distinguished: globular clusters are tight groups of hundreds of thousands of very old ... > full article
 Redshift -- In physics and astronomy, redshift is an observed increase in the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation received by a detector compared to that emitted by the source. For visible light, red is the ... > full article
 Spitzer space telescope -- Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility [SIRTF]) is an infrared space observatory, the fourth and final of NASA's Great Observatories. The first images taken by SST ... > full article
 Radio telescope -- A radio telescope is a form of radio receiver used in astronomy. In contrast to an "ordinary" telescope, which receives visible light, a radio telescope "sees" radio waves emitted by radio sources, ... > full article
 Red supergiant star -- Red supergiants are supergiant stars of spectral type K-M and a luminosity class of I. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of physical size, although they are not the most massive. ... > full article
 Red giant -- A red giant is a large non-main sequence star of stellar classification K or M; so-named because of the reddish appearance of the cooler giant stars. As Earth's sun is of one solar mass, it is ... > full article
Nucleosynthesis -- Nucleosynthesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from preexisting nucleons (protons and neutrons). The primordial preexisting nucleons were formed from the quark-gluon plasma of the Big ... > full article
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