Valdes

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or Peter Waldo

died c. 1205

French religious leader.

A successful merchant, Valdes (Peter Waldo was a later form of his name) underwent a religious conversion, gave away his wealth, and began to preach a doctrine of voluntary poverty in Lyon around 1170. In 1179 his vow of poverty was confirmed by Pope Alexander III, but he was subsequently forbidden to preach by Pope Lucius III. In 1182 or 1183 Valdes and his followers�called the Poor, or the Poor of Lyon�were excommunicated for violating the ban on preaching and were banished from the city. They were formally condemned at a church council in 1184 along with other heretics, including the Cathari, against whom Valdes had earlier preached. The severe persecution of the so-called Waldenses in the 13th century forced them to begin traveling and teaching in secret. During the Protestant Reformation, the Waldenses accepted Genevan forms of worship and church organization.

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Valdes Leal, Juan de - Spanish painter.

Waldenses - Members of a Christian movement that originated in 12th-century France.

More on "Valdes" from the 32 Volume Encyclopædia Britannica:

Valdes, Alfonso de - Humanist satirist, one of the most influential and cultured thinkers in Spain of the early 16th century and twin brother of Juan de Valdes.

Valdes, Juan de - Spanish Humanist. He and his twin brother, Alfonso, were members of an influential intellectual family that played significant roles in the religious, political, and literary life of Spain and its empire.

Palacio Valdes, Armando - one of the most popular 19th-century Spanish novelists, distinguished by his optimism, his charming heroines, his realism, and his qualities of moderation and simplicity.

Melendez Valdes, Juan - poet and politician. The representative poet of the Spanish Neoclassic period, he is considered by many critics to be the only genuinely readable poet of that period. He is best known for sensual, often erotic, poems written in good taste.

Valdes Leal, Juan de Nisa - painter, president of the Sevilla (Seville) Academy, and the major figure in Sevillian painting for many years, known for his dramatic, inventive, and often violent paintings.

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