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Organelle -- In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotes are the most structurally complex known cell type, ... > full article

Cell membrane -- A cell membrane, plasma membrane or plasmalemma is a selectively permeable lipid bilayer coated by proteins which comprises the outer layer of a cell. The plasma membrane works between the machinery ... > full article

Chloroplast -- Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and use it in conjunction with water and carbon dioxide gas to produce ... > full article

Cell (biology) -- The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms, and is sometimes called the "building block of life." Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single ... > full article

Plant cell -- There are three major classes of plant cells that can then differentiate to form the tissue structures of roots, stems, and leaves. (The three distinct types of plant cells are classified according ... > full article

Eukaryote -- A eukaryote is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. Eukaryotes (also spelled "eucaryotes") comprise animals, ... > full article

Prokaryote -- Prokaryotes are organisms without a cell nucleus, or indeed any other membrane-bound organelles, in most cases unicellular (in rare cases, multicellular). This set of characteristics is distinct from ... > full article

Trait (biology) -- In biology, a trait or character is a feature of an organism. The term phenotype is sometimes used as a synonym for trait in common use, but strictly speaking, does not indicate the trait, but the ... > full article

Mitochondrion -- In cell biology, a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are sometimes described as "cellular power plants," because their primary function ... > full article

Protein biosynthesis -- Protein biosynthesis (Synthesis) is the process in which cells build proteins. The term is sometimes used to refer only to protein translation but more often it refers to a multi-step process, ... > full article

Mitosis -- In biology, mitosis is the process by which a cell separates its duplicated genome into two identical halves. It is generally followed immediately by cytokinesis which divides the cytoplasm and cell ... > full article

RNA -- Ribonucleic acid or RNA is a nucleic acid polymer consisting of nucleotide monomers that plays several important roles in the processes that translate genetic information from deoxyribonucleic acid ... > full article

Denaturation (biochemistry) -- Denaturation is the alteration of a protein shape through some form of external stress (for example, by applying heat, acid or alkali), in such a way that it will no longer be able to carry out its ... > full article

Sensory neuron -- Sensory neurons are nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses. For example, some sensory ... > full article

Lipid -- Lipids are a class of hydrocarbon-containing organic compounds. Lipids are categorized by the fact that they are soluble in nonpolar solvents (such as ether and chloroform) and are relatively ... > full article

Skeletal muscle -- Skeletal muscle is a type of striated muscle, attached to the skeleton. Skeletal muscles are used to facilitate movement, by applying force to bones and joints; via contraction. They generally ... > full article

Cells of the stomach -- Parietal cells (also called oxyntic cells) are the stomach epithelium cells which secrete gastric acid. Parietal cells produce gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) in response to histamine (via ... > full article

Natural killer cell -- Natural killer cells (also known as NK cells, K cells, and killer cells) are a type of lymphocyte (a white blood cell) and a component of innate immune system. NK cells play a major role in the ... > full article

Protein folding -- Protein folding is the process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or conformation. All protein molecules are heterogeneous unbranched chains of amino acids. By coiling and ... > full article

Biochemistry -- Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms. Biochemistry is the study of the structure and function of cellular components, such as proteins, ... > full article

 

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Summaries | Headlines

Plant Viruses From Past Provide Ecological Clues (October 11, 2007) -- Taking the medical history of a grassland may seem a bit esoteric. However, scientists have discovered plant viruses from as early as 1917 containing information crucial not only for plant ... > full story

Discovery Of Retinal Cell Type Ends 40-year Search (October 11, 2007) -- High-energy physicists and neuroscientists have discovered a type of retinal cell that may help monkeys, apes and humans see motion. The cell type has very similar properties to so-called Y retinal ... > full story

In Biology, Polarization Is A Good Thing (October 11, 2007) -- Using a molecular cellular compass, individual cells in complex organisms know which way is up or down, in epithelial cells known as apical-basal polarity. Determining the orientation is essential ... > full story

New Insights On 'Jumping Genes' (October 11, 2007) -- New light has been shed on the evolution of moveable genetic elements, or "jumping genes." This discovery has important implications for our understanding of molecular evolution and genetic research ... > full story

Hairy Roots Show Potential As Biofactories For Medicines, Commercial Products (October 11, 2007) -- Scientists are reporting an advance towards tapping the immense potential of 'hairy roots' as natural factories to produce medicines, food flavorings and other commercial products. The new research ... > full story

Neighborly Care Keeps Stem Cells Young (October 11, 2007) -- A stem cell's immediate neighborhood, a specialized environment also known as the stem cell niche, provides crucial support needed for stem cell maintenance. But nothing lasts forever. During the ... > full story

Avian Flu -- 1918 and Today -- Protein Enhances Lethality Of Virus (October 11, 2007) -- The 1918 influenza virus pandemic was responsible for more than 40 million deaths across the globe. The incredible lethality of the 1918 flu strain is not well understood, despite having been under ... > full story

Benefits Of 80 Million Years Without Sex (October 11, 2007) -- Scientists have discovered how a microscopic organism has benefited from nearly 80 million years without sex. Bdelloid rotifers are asexual organisms, meaning that they reproduce without males. ... > full story

New Mathematical Model Unravels The Mechanics Of Microbe Reproduction (October 11, 2007) -- In process that is shrouded in mystery, rod-shaped bacteria reproduce by splitting themselves in two. By applying advanced mathematics to laboratory data, scientists have solved a small but important ... > full story

Influenza: Insights Into Cell Specificity Of Human Vs. Avian Viruses (October 10, 2007) -- Researchers have identified which sites and cell types within the respiratory tract are targeted by human vs. avian influenza viruses, providing valuable insights into the pathogenesis of these ... > full story

Early Apes Walked Upright 15 Million Years Earlier Than Previously Thought, Evolutionary Biologist Argues (October 10, 2007) -- An extraordinary advance in human origins research reveals evidence of the emergence of the upright human body plan over 15 million years earlier than most experts have believed. More dramatically, ... > full story

An AIDS-related Virus Reveals More Ways To Cause Cancer (October 10, 2007) -- Researchers have shed new light on how Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpes Virus subverts normal cell machinery to cause cancer. A KSHV protein called latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) helps ... > full story

< more recent summaries | earlier summaries >

Cell and Molecular Biology : Concepts and Experiments
Now fully updated and revised, the new Fourth Edition of Cell and Molecular Biology not only offers you and your students all of the latest research, it also gives students the tools they need to ... > read more

Essential Cell Biology, Second Edition
Univ. of California, San Francisco. Textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and provides a straightforward explanation of the workings of a living cell. Focuses on the way in ... > read more

The Biology Of Belief: Unleashing The Power Of Consciousness, Matter And Miracles
The Biology of Belief is a groundbreaking work in the field of New Biology. Author Dr. Bruce Lipton is a former medical school professor and research scientist. His experiments, and those of other ... > read more

Short Protocols in Molecular Biology (Short Protocols in Molecular Biology)
Recently expanded to 2 volumes, Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, Fifth Edition, provides condensed descriptions of more than 700 methods compiled from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. ... > read more

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of Plants
Biochemistry Molecular Biology of Plants is a major contribution to the plant sciences literature, superbly edited by three distinguished scientists, Bob B. Buchanan, Wilhelm Gruissem, and Russell ... > read more

Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fourth Edition
...covers every important aspect in the field, from experimental techniques and basic concepts to reviews... excellent university course ... > read more

Disorders of Hemoglobin: Genetics, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management
Disorders of Hemoglobin is the first comprehensive reference on the genetic and acquired disorders of hemoglobin in over a decade. It stands as the definitive work on the genetics, pathophysiology, ... > read more

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (7th Edition)
KEY BENEFIT: Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Seventh Edition featuresenhancements to its award-winning art program and time-saving pedagogy. The coordination between narrative discussions and ... > read more

Introduction to Protein Structure
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Textbook on the atomic structures of proteins. For students. Includes colorful illustrations. Previous edition: c1991. Softcover, hardcover also ... > read more

Lung Cancer
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in men, and in women, it has surpassed even breast cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2001, there will be about 169,500 ... > read more

 
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