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ScienceDaily: Fossils & Ruins -- Paleoclimatology Articles
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Geologic temperature record -- This article is devoted to temperature changes in Earth's environment as determined from geologic evidence on multi-million to billion (109) year time scales. The last 3 million years have been ... > full article

Little Ice Age -- The Little Ice Age (LIA) was a period of cooling lasting approximately from the 14th to the mid-19th centuries, although there is no generally agreed start or end date: some confine the period to ... > full article

Paleoclimatology -- Paleoclimatology is the study of climate change taken on the scale of the entire history of the earth. Glaciers are a widely employed instrument in paleoclimatology. The ice in glaciers has hardened ... > full article

Sequence stratigraphy -- Sequence stratigraphy is a relatively new branch of geology that attempts to link prehistoric sea-level changes to sedimentary deposits. The 'sequence' part of the name refers to cyclic sedimentary ... > full article

Ice core -- An ice core is a core sample from the accumulation of snow and ice over many years that have recrystallized and have trapped air bubbles from previous time periods. The composition of these ice ... > full article

Temperature record of the past 1000 years -- The temperature record of the past 1000 years describes the reconstruction of temperature for the last 1000 years on the Northern Hemisphere. A reconstruction is needed because a reliable surface ... > full article

Sea level -- Mean sea level (MSL) is the average (mean) height of the sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface. Defining the reference level, however, involves complex measurement, and accurately ... > full article

Extinction event -- An extinction event (also extinction-level event, ELE) occurs when a large number of species die out in a relatively short period of time. Since life began on Earth, a number of major mass ... > full article

Permian-Triassic extinction event -- The Permian-Triassic (P-T or PT) extinction event, sometimes informally called the Great Dying, was an extinction event that occurred approximately 251.0 million years ago (mya), forming the boundary ... > full article

Radiocarbon dating -- Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring isotope carbon-14 to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to ca 60,000 years. Within archaeology it is ... > full article

Stone tool -- A stone tool is, in the most general sense, any tool made of stone. Although stone-tool-dependent cultures exist even today, most stone tools are associated with prehistoric societies that no longer ... > full article

Supervolcano -- A supervolcano refers to a volcano that produces the largest and most voluminous kinds of eruption on Earth. The actual explosivity of these eruptions varies, but the sheer volume of extruded magma ... > full article

Seismic wave -- A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, most often as the result of a tectonic earthquake, sometimes from an explosion. There are two types of seismic wave, namely, 'body wave' and ... > full article

Volcano -- A volcano is an opening (or rupture) in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from deep below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of ... > full article

Toba catastrophe theory -- According to the Toba catastrophe theory, modern human evolution was affected by a recent, large volcanic event. Within the last three to five million years, after human and other ape lineages ... > full article

Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event -- The Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event was a period of massive extinction of species, about 65.5 million years ago. It corresponds to the end of the Cretaceous Period and the beginning of the ... > full article

Stone Age -- The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric time period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking. Stone tools were made from a variety of different kinds of stone. For example, flint and chert ... > full article

Global warming -- Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. The global average air temperature ... > full article

Evolution of the horse -- The evolution in the structure of their teeth, odd-toed limbs, obvious mobility of the upper lip, and other aspects, joins the horse to the evolutionary line of odd-toed, hoofed mammals: the ... > full article

Earthquake liquefaction -- Earthquake liquefaction, often referred to simply as liquefaction, is the process by which saturated, unconsolidated soil or sand is converted into a suspension during an earthquake. The effect on ... > full article

 

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Summaries | Headlines

Environmental Setting Of Human Migrations In The Circum-Pacific Region (October 11, 2007) -- This new study adds insight into the migration of anatomically modern humans out of Africa and into Asia less than 100,000 years before present. The comprehensive review of human genetic, ... > full story

Ancient African Megadroughts May Have Driven Human Evolution -- Out Of Africa (October 9, 2007) -- From 135,000 to 90,000 years ago tropical Africa had megadroughts more extreme and widespread than any previously known for that region, according to new research. Learning that now-lush tropical ... > full story

Carbon Dioxide Did Not End The Last Ice Age, Study Says (October 2, 2007) -- A new study contradicts the view that carbon dioxide was responsible for the meltdown that ended the last ice age. Deep-sea temperatures rose 1,300 years before atmospheric carbon dioxide, ruling out ... > full story

Cave Records Provide Clues To Climate Change (October 1, 2007) -- Growing inside the caves of the tropical Pacific island of Borneo are some of the keys to understanding how the Earth's climate suddenly changed - several times - over the last 25,000 years. Using ... > full story

Antarctic Plants And Animal Life Survived Ice Ages (September 30, 2007) -- Springtails, mites, worms and plant life could help solve the mystery of Antarctica's glacial history according to new research. Scientists report that the evolutionary history of Antarctica's ... > full story

Extraterrestrial Impact Likely Source Of Sudden Ice Age Extinctions (September 25, 2007) -- What killed the woolly mammoths? Scientists now suggests that a comet or meteorite exploded over the planet roughly 12,900 years ago, causing the abrupt climate changes that led to the extinction of ... > full story

Increased Bering Sea Ice Explains Prehistoric Fur Seal Rookeries (September 20, 2007) -- The Bering Sea provides critical habitat for many species of marine mammals, including seals, sea lions and whales. The predictable formation and movement of sea ice is a defining feature of this ... > full story

New Evidence On The Role Of Climate In Neanderthal Extinction (September 13, 2007) -- The mystery of what killed the Neanderthals has moved a step closer to resolution after a new study has ruled out one of the competing theories -- catastrophic climate change -- as the most likely ... > full story

Refugia Of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest Could Be Basis For Its Regeneration (September 10, 2007) -- Changes that have occurred in Brazil tropical rainforest for more than 100,000 years were studied by a team of researchers. They combined data from botany, palynology and genetics. Results indicated ... > full story

Looking For Life In And Under Antarctic Ice (September 1, 2007) -- Antarctica is home to the largest body of ice on Earth. Prior to approximately 10 years ago, no one thought that life could exist beneath the Antarctic ice sheets, which can be more than two miles ... > full story

Ethiopian Plateau Formation Coincided With Climate Change That May Have Spurred Human Evolution (August 31, 2007) -- More than three million years ago, early hominins evolved the ability to walk upright and in doing so started us along the evolutionary path that eventually gave rise to Homo sapiens. It was Darwin ... > full story

Migration of Early Humans From Africa Aided By Wet Weather (August 30, 2007) -- The African origin of early modern humans 200,000--150,000 years ago is now well documented, with archaeological data suggesting that a major migration from tropical east Africa to the Levant took ... > full story

< more recent summaries | earlier summaries >

The Weather Makers : How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth
Sometime this century the day will arrive when the human influence on the climate will overwhelm all other natural factors. Over the past decade, the world has seen the most powerful El Niņo ... > read more

The Winds of Change : Climate, Weather, and the Destruction of Civilizations
The Winds of Change places the horrifying carnage unleashed on New Orleans, Mississippi, and Alabama by Hurricane Katrina in context.Climate has been humanity's constant, if moody, companion. At ... > read more

The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History, 1300-1850
"Climate change is the ignored player on the historical stage," writes archeologist Brian Fagan. But it shouldn't be, not if we know what's good for us. We can't judge what future climate change will ... > read more

Environmental Science : Toward a Sustainable Future (9th Edition)
This classic book explores the interactions of humans within the natural environment and probes issues thoroughly, examining their scientific basis, history, and society's response. Strong science, ... > read more

The Oxford Companion to Wine
With more than 3,000 entries on every aspect of wine from vine pests to specific grapes, this hefty tome has something for both the seasoned connoisseur and novice alike. Edited by one of today's ... > read more

National Geographic Atlas Of The World 7th Edition
When National Geographic published its first Atlas of the World more than 35 years ago, the world was indeed a different place. In order to cover today's world--including its oceans, stars, climate, ... > read more

Field Notes from a Catastrophe
An argument for the urgent danger of global warming in a book that is sure to be as influential as Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring.Known for her insightful and thought-provoking journalism, New ... > read more

Geosystems : An Introduction to Physical Geography (6th Edition)
Geosystems is written, organized, and illustrated to give new learners an accessible, systematic, and visually appealing start in the study of physical geography. This edition includes the brand new ... > read more

Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence
Business leaders who maintain that emotions are best kept out of the work environment do so at their organization's peril. Bestselling author Daniel Goleman's theories on emotional intelligence (EI) ... > read more

Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do (Understanding Children's Worlds)
Bullying at School is the definitive book on bully/victim problems in school and on effective ways of counteracting and preventing such problems. On the basis of the author's large-scale studies and ... > read more

 
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