A-Z Browse

...cycles of lyrics, Schmetterlinge (1889; “Butterflies”) and Gras- und Glockenlieder (1906; “Grass and Bell Songs”). He also wrote two masterly stories—Die Mädchenfeinde (1907; Two Little Misogynists, 1922), a childhood idyll derived from his own experience; and Conrad der Leutnant (1898), a dramatically finished......

Rezā ʿAbbāsī preferred naturalistic subjects and portraiture to the illustrative themes that had dominated Persian miniature painting for 200 years. His painting “Two Lovers” (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City) is among the most accomplished works of the Eṣfahān school. Although there is an element of stylization, the exquisiteness an...

By 1200 the standard sailing ship in the Mediterranean was two-masted, with the foremast larger and hung with a sail new to ordinary navigation at sea. This was the lateen sail, earlier known to the Egyptians and sailors of the eastern Mediterranean. The lateen sail is triangular in shape and is fixed to a long yard mounted at its middle to the top of the mast. The combination of sails tended......

...far too easily to be related to the nuclear binding force. To resolve this apparent paradox, theorists both in Japan and in the United States had begun to think that there might be two mesons. The two-meson theory proposed that Yukawa’s nuclear meson decays into the penetrating meson observed in the cosmic rays....

...of the individual. Lengthy series of drawn games between overcautious experts in tournament play, however, led to the introduction of methods of forcing more varied and daring styles of play. In the two-move restriction, the first move of each side is chosen by lot from 47 playable combinations. The three-move, or American, restriction is an extension of the two-move to black’s second mo...

...were released in the United States, Eastwood was offered starring roles in Hollywood pictures. He worked with director Don Siegel on Coogan’s Bluff (1968), Two Mules for Sister Sara (1970), The Beguiled (1971), and Escape from Alcatraz (1979). Their best-known collaboration was ......

...was spirited out of Italy and published in Leiden, Netherlands, in 1638 under the title Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze attenenti alla meccanica (Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences). Galileo here treated for the first time the bending and breaking of beams and summarized his mathematical and experimental investigations of motion,......

tragicomedy in five acts by William Shakespeare and John Fletcher. The play was probably written and first performed about 1612–14. It was published in quarto in 1634 with a title page identifying Fletcher and Shakespeare as joint authors. It was included in the second folio of works by Fletcher and Francis Beaumont in 1679, and schol...

...earth itself (The Harem, 1906). Picasso seems to have been working with colour in an attempt to come closer to sculptural form, especially in 1906 (Two Nudes; La Toilette). His Portrait of Gertrude Stein (1906) and a Self-Portrait with Palette (1906).....

...poetry was noted for its simple rhythm and biblical imagery. Its narrative voice reflected the storytelling style of the oral tradition. She also contributed to various periodicals; her story “The Two Offers” in the Anglo-African Magazine in September–October 1859 was said to be the first published by an African American author....

in sociology and anthropology, a group of persons united by ties of marriage and parenthood or adoption and consisting of a man, a woman, and their socially recognized children. This unit was once widely held to be the most basic and universal form of social organization. Anthropological research, however, has illuminated so much variability of this form that it is safer to assume that what is uni...

in music, the structural pattern of many songs and instrumental pieces, primarily from the 17th to the 19th century, characterized by two complementary, related sections of more or less equal duration that may be represented schematically as ab. In 18th-century compositions, including dance-inspired movements by J.S. Bach and keyboard sonatas by Domenico Scarlatti, the two sections are sep...

political system in which the electorate gives its votes largely to only two major parties and in which one or the other party can win a majority in the legislature. The United States is the classic example of a nation with a two-party system. The contrasts between two-party and multiparty systems are often exaggerated. Within each major party in the United States, the Republic...

...required a ferocity and oddness that would be conspicuous features of Ruskin’s later career. In 1858 Ruskin lectured on “The Work of Iron in Nature, Art and Policy” (published in The Two Paths, 1859), a text in which both the radical-conservative temper and the symbolic method of his later cultural criticism are clearly established. Beginning as an art critic, ...

...and religious persecution, set in 17th-century Denmark, that won international recognition and substantially contributed to the revival of the Danish cinema; Tvä människor (1945; Two People); and Ordet (1955; The Word), winner of the Grand Prize at the Venice Film Festival, dramatizes the complex relationship between social good and spiritual good in an...

With certain pulsed lasers, the two-photon RIS process can be saturated so that one electron is removed from each atom of the selected type. Furthermore, ionization detectors can be used to sense a single electron or positive ion. Therefore, individual atoms can be counted. By taking advantage of tunable laser technology to implement a variety of RIS schemes, it is feasible to detect almost......

In addition to saturation spectroscopy, there are a number of other techniques that are capable of obtaining Doppler-free spectra. An important example is two-photon spectroscopy, another form of spectroscopy that was made possible by the high intensities available with lasers. All these techniques rely on the relative Doppler shift of counterpropagating beams to identify the correct resonance......

...but for relations between individuals. Thus the proposition “Tom is a son of John” is analyzable into two names of individuals (“Tom” and “John”) and a dyadic or two-place predicate (“is a son of”), of which they are the arguments; and the proposition is thus of the form ϕxy. Analogously, “. . . is between . . ....

...The Making of Moo, a satirical play on the psychological power of religious fervor, was performed in 1957 and was published, together with the stage version of Cards of Identity, as Two Plays and a Preface (1958). His knowledge of journalism sharpened the satire of August for the People (1961), a much-praised play about the power of the press. His nonfiction included...

...into question German sovereignty. Bush’s plan, however, would permit the German states themselves to work out their future and then submit their wishes to the four powers for final approval. These “two plus four” talks were expected to be a slow, deliberative process....

Foreign-exchange arbitrage, confined to spot-exchange markets—in which exchange is bought and sold for immediate delivery—may involve two or more exchange centres (two-point arbitrage or multiple-point arbitrage). For example, assume that Country A’s sovereign is exchanging at two to the dollar in New York City, while Country B’s franc is valued at five to the dollar. L...

In Delbrück’s parlance, medieval warfare demonstrated both types of strategy—overthrow and exhaustion. The Crusader states of the Middle East were gradually exhausted and overwhelmed by constant raiding warfare and the weight of numbers. On the other hand, one or two decisive battles, most notably the ruinous disaster at the Battle of Ḥaṭṭīn (1187),...

...the key signature remains unchanged with three flats, and all the new notes of the subsequent keys are indicated with accidental signs. In contrary fashion, Beethoven’s Two Preludes Through all Major Keys for piano or organ, op. 39 (1789), have several passages where the key signature changes in nearly every measure....

Attempts to accommodate the selective and intensive aspects of attention and its links with both awareness and more automatic processes have led to the formulation of a number of “two-process” theories of attention. One of the most influential was that advanced by the American psychologists Richard M. Shiffrin and Walter Schneider in 1977 on the basis of experiments involving visual....

Throughout the biennio rosso (“two red years”; 1919–20), revolution appeared imminent. While spontaneous land occupations swept through the south, riots and lootings hit shopkeepers in the north and centre in the summer of 1919, and prices were cut by half throughout the country. Socialist deputies walked out of parliament in December......

In the two-revolution press, the cylinder never stops revolving but is raised on its bearings as the bed moves back again in order not to touch the form. In its lowered position the cylinder’s cogwheel engages a low-toothed rack incorporated in the bed; in its raised position the cogwheel engages a parallel high-toothed rack, which enables the cylinder to continue revolving in the same......

...by French governesses. She married the composer-author Paul Bowles in 1938. They lived in Costa Rica, France, Mexico, and the United States, where she began writing her only published novel, Two Serious Ladies (1943). For a time the couple lived in a boardinghouse with, among others, the writers Richard Wright and Carson McCullers, the composer Benjamin Britten, and the entertainer......

the state that united the southern part of the Italian peninsula with the island of Sicily between the mid-15th and the mid-19th centuries. (For a brief history of the state and a map, see Naples, Kingdom of.) United by the Normans in the 11th century, the two areas were divided in 1282 between the Angevin (French) ...

...by Ernest Buckler, set in Nova Scotia’s Annapolis valley. These novels strain the bonds of conventional narrative structures as they shift from social realism toward lyricism. In the panoramic Two Solitudes (1945) and The Watch That Ends the Night (1959), framed against the backdrop of the two world wars, Hugh MacLennan attempted to capture moral, social, and re...

The two-source hypothesis is predicated upon the following observations: Matthew and Luke used Mark, both for its narrative material as well as for the basic structural outline of chronology of Jesus’ life. Matthew and Luke use a second source, which is called Q (from German Quelle, “source”), not extant, for the sayings (logia) found in common in both of them. Thus, Ma...

After L’Évolution créatrice, 25 years elapsed before he published another major work. In 1932 he published Les Deux Sources de la morale et de la religion (The Two Sources of Morality and Religion). As in the earlier works, he claimed that the polar opposition of the static and the dynamic provides the basic insight. Thus, in the moral, social, and religio...

Two-spot barb (B. ticto), 5–16 cm (2–6 inches) long; silvery with black spot near head and tail; dorsal fin of male reddish with black spots; no barbels....

...clusters to be composed of heterogeneous units. In single-stage cluster sampling, a simple random sample of clusters is selected, and data are collected from every unit in the sampled clusters. In two-stage cluster sampling, a simple random sample of clusters is selected and then a simple random sample is selected from the units in each sampled cluster. One of the primary applications of......

ballroom dance appearing in about 1890 in the United States. Its origins are unclear but may include the polka, galop, or waltz. The dance consists of sliding steps to the side in 24 time. It was one source of the fox-trot, which in about 1920 overtook it in popularity, and the term two-step often refers to the fox-trot....

...founded the Hogarth Press, named for Hogarth House, their home in the London suburbs. The Woolfs themselves (she was the compositor while he worked the press) published their own Two Stories in the summer of 1917. It consisted of Leonard’s Three Jews and Virginia’s The Mark on the Wall, the latter about c...

In the original two-stroke cycle (as developed in 1878), the compression and power stroke of the four-stroke cycle are carried out without the inlet and exhaust strokes, thus requiring only one revolution of the crankshaft to complete the cycle. The fresh fuel mixture is forced into the cylinder through circumferential ports by a rotary blower (see figure) in the two-stroke-cycle engine of ...

...(1904), Lenin compared the organizational principles of the Bolsheviks to those of the Mensheviks. After the failure of the 1905 Russian revolution, he drew positive lessons for the future in Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution. He fiercely attacked the influence of Kantian philosophy on German and Russian Marxism in Materialism and Empirio-criticism......

...Directory, began auspiciously in October 1795 with a successful constitutional plebiscite and a general amnesty for political prisoners. But as one of its final acts the Convention added the “Two-thirds Decree” to the package, requiring for the sake of continuity that two-thirds of its deputies must sit by right in the new legislature regardless of voting in the ......

one of the English Classic horse races (with the Derby, the Saint Leger, the One Thousand Guineas, and the Oaks), first run in 1809. Run at Newmarket, Suffolk, the 1-mile event is open to three-year-old colts (carrying 126 pounds) and fillies (121 pounds)....

...Western-inspired materialism and moral decay that he sees around him. The theme of return and disillusionment continued in Why Are We So Blest? (1971), but with a somewhat wider scope. In Two Thousand Seasons (1973) Armah borrowed language from the African dirge and praise song to produce a chronicle of the African past, which is portrayed as having a certain romantic perfection.....

In June 1968 Čáslavská signed the Two Thousand Words, a document that called for more rapid progress toward real democracy in Czechoslovakia. After Soviet tanks entered Prague in August of that year, Čáslavská, facing possible arrest for her political stance, fled to the mountain village of Šumperk. She was granted......

arrangement set up to protect international monetary reserves from the pressure of higher gold prices; under a two-tier system, monetary gold used as reserves would sell at a fixed price, and gold used as an ordinary commodity would sell at a freely fluctuating market-determined price....

Also known as the two-toed, pygmy, or dwarf anteater, the silky anteater (Cyclopes didactylus) is the smallest and least-known member of the family. The silky anteater is found from southern Mexico southward to Bolivia and Brazil. It is not rare but is difficult to spot because it is nocturnal and lives high in the trees. It is also exquisitely camouflaged, its......

Both species of two-toed sloth (family Megalonychidae), also called unaus, belong to the genus Choloepus. Linnaeus’ two-toed sloth (C. didactylus) lives in northern South America east of the Andes and south to the central Amazon basin. Hoffmann’s two-toed sloth (C. hoffmanni) is fou...

...by critics, it was not written specifically for children, nor is it a trilogy, though it is often published in three parts: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King. It was divided originally because of its bulk and to reduce the risk to its publisher should it fail to sell. In fact it......

...Pittsburgh; The Piano Lesson (produced 1987), in which competing ideas about their legacy threatens to rupture an African American family in the 1930s; and Two Trains Running (produced 1990), a look at the Black Power ideals of the 1960s from the perspective of the late 1980s. Fences and The Piano......

...and a paper that he wrote in 1667 show his support for toleration in religion, in 1660–61 he wrote two tracts on this theme (not published until 1967) that are surprisingly conservative. Two Treatises of Government (1690) was also the fruit of years of reflection upon the true principles in politics, a reflection resting on Locke’s own observations. In all of these so...

...Soult Immaculate Conception (1678). Murillo’s late style is exemplified by his unfinished works for the Capuchin church at Cádiz and the Two Trinities (popularly known as the “Holy Family”). The often mystical significance of his subjects is countered by the idealized reality of his figures based on familiar h...

...true or false, an idea that finds its formal expression in the stipulation that variables shall have two possible values only—namely, 1 and 0. (For this reason the system is often called the two-valued propositional calculus.) This idea has been challenged on various grounds. Following a suggestion made by Aristotle, some logicians have maintained that propositions about those events in....

Another feature offered by more and more cable operators is two-way channel capability, which enables subscribers to communicate with programming facilities or information centres within the system. Using the cable connection, home viewers can, for example, participate in public-opinion polls or call up various kinds of written and graphic materials (e.g., citations from reference books,......

In 1940 the company introduced a pair of two-way radio communications products for the police and military. The first was an AM-band police-radio system adopted later that year in Bowling Green, Kentucky; the second was the Handie-Talkie (see photograph), an AM-band, handheld device with a long antenna that ultimately was used by soldiers during World War II. Both AM-based systems were......

...effects by combining several negatives to make one print, with a resulting image that moved beyond the results achieved by straightforward photography. His most famous work, The Two Ways of Life (1857), was based on the background and arrangement of Raphael’s School of Athens (1509–11) and was created by combining more than 30...

...ground return through the earth. Unfortunately, the use of a single wire made the telephone circuit extremely susceptible to interference by other signals. This problem was addressed by the use of a two-wire, or “metallic,” circuit; the first demonstration of such a system occurred in 1881 on a telephone line between Providence, R.I., and Boston....

Other Nominees...

...of Rome); La disubbidienza (1948; Disobedience); and Il conformista (1951; The Conformist), all on themes of isolation and alienation. La ciociara (1957; Two Women) tells of an adaptation to post-World War II Italian life. La noia (1960; The Empty Canvas) is the story of a painter unable to find meaning either in love or work. Many....

In 1840, the year of his admission to the bar, he published Two Years Before the Mast, a personal narrative presenting “the life of a common sailor at sea as it really is” and showing the abuses endured by his fellow sailors. The book was immediately popular, and its realistic descriptions made it an American classic. In 1841 he published The Seaman’s Friend (als...

...about this axis by 72° leave the appearance of the grain unchanged. In a full 360° rotation the grain will repeat itself in appearance five times, once every 72°. There are also axes of twofold rotational symmetry passing through the edges and axes of threefold rotational symmetry passing through the vertices. This is also known as icosahedral symmetry because the icosahedr...

Polish-born American painter, an exponent of the Abstract Expressionist movement whose style is characterized by gestural brushwork....

...that the causative agent (later proved to be a virus) of tobacco mosaic disease could pass through a porcelain filter impermeable to bacteria. Modern virology began when two bacteriologists, Frederick William Twort in 1915 and Félix d’Hérelle in 1917, independently discovered the existence of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)....

These are generally used to amplify microwave signals over broad bandwidths. The main elements of a traveling-wave tube (TWT) are (1) an electron gun, (2) a focusing structure that keeps the electrons in a linear path, (3) an RF circuit that causes RF fields to interact with the electron beam, and (4) a collector with which to collect the electrons. There are two main types of TWTs, and these......

Triangular wave voltammetry (TWV) is a method in which the potential is linearly scanned to a value past the potential at which an electrochemical reaction occurs and is then immediately scanned back to its original potential. A triangular wave voltammogram usually has a current peak on the forward scan and a second, inverted peak on the reverse scan representing the opposite reaction......

In 1932 AT&T inaugurated the Teletypewriter Exchange Service (TWX), a switched teleprinter network. Switching was accomplished manually until it was automated after World War II. In Europe a similar service called Telex was inaugurated in the early 1930s and was partially automated in Germany before World War II. In 1962 Western Union introduced Telex in the United States as an......

...and other early lavatories, sinks, and bathtubs were of metal also; lead, copper, and zinc were all tried. The metal fixtures proved difficult to clean, however, and in England during the 1870s Thomas Twyford developed the first large one-piece ceramic lavatories as well as the ceramic washdown water closet. At first these ceramic fixtures were very expensive, but their prices declined......

The deeper problem that has led to one financial crisis after another for theatre companies and dance troupes and museums (the Twyla Tharp dance company, despite its worldwide reputation, for instance, and a popular orientation that included several successful seasons on Broadway, was compelled to survive only by being absorbed into America Ballet Theater) rests on hard and fixed facts about......

The Twyman-Green interferometer, an adaptation of the Michelson instrument introduced in 1916 by the English electrical engineer Frank Twyman and the English chemist Arthur Green, is used for testing lenses and prisms. It uses a point source of monochromatic light at the focus of a quality lens. When the light is directed toward a perfect prism, it returns to a viewing point exactly as it was......

English political pamphleteer and constitutional historian who is noted for his work on the development of English law and constitutional government....

...literally meaning “[ten and] one left [over],” and twelve from twelf, meaning “two left”; the endings -teen and -ty both refer to ten, and hundred comes originally from a pre-Greek term meaning “ten times [ten].”...

village, northwestern Lesotho, 19 miles (31 km) northeast of Maseru, on the country’s main north-south road. Named after the Teja-Tejane (“Quicksands”) River that flows south of the village, Teyateyaneng is often abbreviated as TY. The village is on a hilltop, the site of a camp established in 1886 following the resolution of a dispute between the British resident commissione...

Indian composer of Carnatic songs of the genre kirtana, or kriti (devotional songs), and of ragas. He is the most prominent person in the history of southern Indian classical music, and he is venerated by contemporary Carnatic musicians. Tyagaraja is said to have com...

great mountain system of Central Asia. Its name is Chinese for “Celestial Mountains.” Stretching about 1,500 miles (2,500 km) from west-southwest to east-northeast, it mainly straddles the border between China and Kyrgyzstan and bisects the ancient territory of Turkistan. It is about 300 miles (500 km) wide in places at its eas...

The geographic identity of place-names in Hittite historical texts has always been a subject of controversy, but some of those mentioned in the Edict of Telipinus are known: Tuwanuwa (classical Tyana, near modern Bor); Hupisna (classical Heraclea Cybistra; modern Ereğli); Parsuhanda (Purushkhanda; probably modern Acemhöyük); and Lusna (classical Lystra). With the exception of....

group of some 20,000 people located principally in Guinea, 30 to 60 miles (50 to 100 km) inland along the border of Guinea-Bissau. Their language, also called Landuma or Tyapi, belongs to the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo family and is related to Baga. The Landuma are agriculturalists—corn (maize), millet, groundnuts (peanuts), and rice being the major crops. Social organization......

Burgundian poet and member of the literary circle known as La Pléiade who was a forthright theorist and a popularizer of Renaissance learning for the elite....

Jewish himself, Rybakov wrote of the plight of Russian Jews confronting Nazi invaders during World War II in Tyazhyoly pesok (1979; Heavy Sand), an epic novel that brought him an international audience. With the arrival of Premier Mikhail Gorbachev’s policy of glasnost, Rybakov was allowed to publish Deti Arbata (1987; Children of the Arbat), much of which had be...

The direct ancestor of the contemporary pipa is the quxiang (“curved-neck”) pipa, which traveled from Persia by way of the Silk Road and reached western China in the 4th century ad. It had a pear-shaped wooden body with two crescent-shaped sound holes, a curved neck, four strings, and four frets. In performa...

archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 and chancellor of England from 1380 who lost his life in the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381....

...climbs the wall into the orchard garden of her family’s house and finds her alone at her window. Because their well-to-do families are enemies, the two are married secretly by Friar Laurence. When Tybalt, a Capulet, seeks out Romeo in revenge for the insult of Romeo’s having dared to shower his attentions on Juliet, an ensuing scuffle ends in the death of Romeo’s dearest fr...

small left-bank tributary of the River Thames, England, its course now wholly within London and below ground. Before it was culverted, the river traversed London from the heights of Hampstead through Regent’s Park to the lower areas of Westminster, where it entered the marshy floodplain of the Thames south of ...

in Greek religion, the goddess of chance, with whom the Roman Fortuna was later identified; a capricious dispenser of good and ill fortune. The Greek poet Hesiod called her the daughter of the Titan Oceanus and his consort Tethys; other writers attributed her fatherhood to Zeus, the supreme god. She was also associated with the more beneficent Agathos Daimon, a good spirit, protective of individu...

...occur), inasmuch as an accident, too, as Aristotle himself had stated (Met. I 3), is without a cause. Moreover, a similar view has been seriously advanced in modern times under the name of tychism by Charles Sanders Peirce, a philosopher of science....

conspicuous impact crater lying at the centre of the most extensive system of bright rays on the near side of the Moon. The rays, which are light-coloured streaks formed of material ejected from the impact, dominate the southern highlands and extend for more than 2,600 km (1,600 miles) across the Moon’s surface....

scheme for the structure of the solar system put forward in 1583 by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe. He retained from the ancient Ptolemaic system the idea of Earth as a fixed centre of the universe around which the Sun and Moon revolved, but he held that, as in the newer system of Copernicus, all other planets revolved around the Sun. In both the Tychonic and the Ptolemaic systems, an outer sp...

scheme for the structure of the solar system put forward in 1583 by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe. He retained from the ancient Ptolemaic system the idea of Earth as a fixed centre of the universe around which the Sun and Moon revolved, but he held that, as in the newer system of Copernicus, all other planets revolved around the Sun. In both the Tychonic and the Ptolemaic systems, an outer sp...

one of the few recorded supernovae in the Milky Way Galaxy. The Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe first observed the “new star” on Nov. 11, 1572. Other European observers claimed to have noticed it as early as the preceding August, but Tycho’s precise measurements showed that it was not some relatively nearby phenomenon, such as a comet, but at the distance of t...

city, Śląskie województwo (province), southern Poland. It lies on the Bielsko-Biała rail line on the southern edge of the Upper Silesia industrial district and is surrounded by the Pszczyna forests....

...experienced a renaissance characterized by a variety of literary movements. Realism, with a distinctly decadent strain, was the most notable characteristic of Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s prose, while Pavlo Tychyna was the leading Symbolist poet. Neoclassicism produced the poet Mykola Zerov, and Futurism was initiated by Mykhailo Semenko....

one of the most important biblical theologians of 4th-century North African Latin Christianity. Although little is known of his life, his positions on the theology of the church (ecclesiology) ultimately provided his younger contemporary and the Church Father St. Augustine with crucial arguments against the Donatists (a schismatic church in ...

cathedral city, historic and present county of Pembrokeshire, Wales, in the Alun river valley. Situated in an area important for Celtic Christianity, St. David’s Cathedral became a medieval pilgrimage centre of considerable significance. The main portion of the present cathedral was built in the late 12th century in the transitional Norman style, but many additions were m...

Oeneus’s second wife was Periboea. Their son, Tydeus, was exiled for murder, and Oeneus was deposed. Tydeus died on the expedition of the Seven Against Thebes, but his son Diomedes returned and restored Oeneus to the throne. Oeneus handed Calydon over to his son-in-law Andraemon, the husband of Gorge....

the U.S. statute that provided for Philippine independence, to take effect on July 4, 1946, after a 10-year transitional period of Commonwealth government. The bill was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 24, 1934, and was sent to the Philippine Senate for approval. Although that body had previously rejected the similar Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act, it approved the Tydi...

composer and organist who was an innovator in the style of English cathedral music perfected by Thomas Tallis, William Byrd, and Orlando Gibbons....

(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) prized North Pacific food and sport fish of the family Salmonidae. It weighs about 10 kg (22 pounds) to twice that and is silvery with round black spots. Spawning runs occur in spring, adults swimming as far as 3,200 km (2,000 miles) up the Yukon. Young king salmon do not enter the sea until they are one to three years old. The king salmon was introduced i...

coastal lake in Gippsland, on the eastern coast of Victoria, Australia, near the northeastern end of Ninety Mile Beach. The lake consists of two main channels; the eastern half curves northeasterly into the interior for about 10 miles (16 km), and the western channel extends northwesterly about 5 miles (8 km). Lake Tyers opens into the Tasman Sea to the south. The lake was named for Charles James ...

A later compressed-air signal was the tyfon. Employing a metal diaphragm vibrated by differential air pressure, it was more compact and efficient than its predecessors....

...with dotted and trailed slip were made at Wrotham, Kent, and in London during the first half of the 17th century. Wrotham is noted principally for drinking mugs with two or more handles, known as tygs; and London for dishes with such pious exhortations as “Fast and Pray,” obviously inspired by the Puritans. Manufacture was also started in Staffordshire, and many surviving examples...

...and “age-bent,” sees in “every face…marks of woe,” and observes that “In every voice…The mind-forg’d manacles I hear.” In The Tyger, which answers The Lamb of Innocence, the despairing speaker asks the “Tyger burning bright” about its creator: “Did h...

16th- and 17th-century German stoneware having a brown, mottled glaze, and made in the Rhenish centres of Cologne and Frechen, Ger. Tigerware was imported to England and imitated there in the different medium of delft, or tin-glazed earthenware; the imitations were also called tigerware. Tin-glazed jugs in this style—called Malling jugs—are among...

...principal advisers to the strikers and helped mobilize Polish intellectuals in support of them. In 1981 Solidarity’s leader, Lech Wałęsa, appointed Mazowiecki the first editor of Tygodnik Solidarność (“Solidarity Weekly”), the new Solidarity newspaper. His ties to Wałęsa only deepened during the government’s suppressio...

Animal masks are a common feature of masking societies throughout Africa. In Mali the Tyiwara spirit masqueraders of the Bambara people carry formalized carvings of antelopes and other wild animals, dancing in imitation of their movements to promote the fertility of land and community. The Isinyaso masked dancers of the Yao and......

...DiplogasteridaSoil-inhabiting; bacteria-feeding or predaceous; pharyngeal bulb; mouth often with teeth.Order TylenchidaMany feed on higher plants, others on fungi or predatory, using stylet; others, insect parasites; mostly terrestrial; characteristic hollow, slender mouth stylet;......