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2. Segregated, or Taber, ice includes ice films, seams, lenses, pods, or layers generally 0.15 to 13 centimetres (0.06 to 5 inches) thick that grow in the ground by drawing in water as the ground freezes. Small ice segregations are the least spectacular but one of the most extensive types of ground ice, and engineers and geologists interested in ice growth and its effect on engineering......

(“dwelling”), in Jewish history, the portable sanctuary constructed by Moses as a place of worship for the Hebrew tribes during the period of wandering that preceded their arrival in the Promised Land. The Tabernacle no longer served a purpose after the erection of Solomon’s Temple in Jerusalem in 950 bc....

...his portraits of women and children, although he also executed two public monuments of major importance in Florence—the tomb of Carlo Marsuppini in Sta. Croce (c. 1453–55) and the “Tabernacle of the Sacrament” in S. Lorenzo (1461). The tabernacle, which was probably assembled and completed by assistants after Desiderio’s death, indicates the new trends ...

...N.C., in 1911 by the merger of the Fire-Baptized Holiness Church (organized in 1898 by several Pentecostal associations) and the Pentecostal Holiness Church (organized in 1900). A third group, the Tabernacle Pentecostal Church, joined the consolidation in 1915....

a Jewish autumn festival of double thanksgiving that begins on the 15th day of Tishri (in September or October), five days after Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. It is one of the three Pilgrim Festivals of the Old Testament....

hallucinogenic drug and the principal iboga alkaloid, found in the stems, leaves, and especially in the roots of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. Ibogaine was isolated from the plant in 1901 and was synthesized in 1966. In small doses it acts as a stimulant. The peoples of West Africa and the Congo region have used iboga extracts or chewed the root of the plant in order to remain......

rare neurologic form of tertiary syphilis, involving sensory deficits, loss of neuromuscular coordination, and diminished reflexes. Symptoms of this form of neurosyphilis chiefly affect the legs and may not appear for more than 25 years after the initial infection. Untreated, tabes dorsalis usually makes unassisted walking impossible and severely debilitates the victim....

The Wei dynasty was founded by Tabgatch (Tuoba) tribesmen who, like many of the nomads inhabiting the frontiers of northern China, were of uncertain origin. Their language was basically Turkish, and scholars presume that their ancestry can be traced to proto-Turkish, proto-Mongol, or Xiongnu peoples. In any case, the Tuoba were non-Han Chinese, and their conquests of the small, weak North China......

(ad 386–534/535), the longest lived and most powerful of the northern Chinese dynasties that existed before the reunification of China under the Sui and Tang dynasties....

Traditional Japanese footwear includes sandals, slippers, and wooden clogs (geta) worn with the tabi, a sock with a separate section for the big toe....

king who unified Myanmar (reigned 1531–50). He was the second monarch of the Toungoo dynasty, which his father, Minkyinyo, had founded in 1486....

...ʿUmar II (717–720) was the only Umayyad caliph who is known to have condemned the levying of human tribute and ordered that it be discontinued. He also sent 10 tābiʿūn (“followers”; disciples of the Prophet Muhammad’s companions) to teach Islam to the Berbers. The enlightened policy of this pious cali...

any of a group of two-headed cylindrical drums used in Islamic music along the Mediterranean coast. They are the ancestors of European tenor and bass drums....

pair of small drums fundamental (since the 18th century) to Hindustani music of northern India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The higher-pitched of the two drums, which is played with the right hand, is also referred to individually as the tabla or as the daya (dahina or ...

the first set of astronomical tables prepared in Christian Europe. They enabled calculation of eclipses and the positions of the planets for any given time based on the Ptolemaic theory, which assumed that the Earth was at the centre of the universe. The introduction states that the work was prepared in Toledo, Spain, for King Alfonso X of León and Cast...

nature reserve and wetland ecosystem, located about 19 miles (30 km) northeast of the city of Ciudad Real, south-central Spain. The park, created in 1973, occupies 4,633 acres (1,875 hectares) and lies at the confluence of the Guadiana and Cigüela rivers, where fresh and brackish waters converge on the marshes and support both migratory and resident waterfowl year-round. ...

...and instruments in the different stanzas foreshadowed the later Lutheran cantatas based on chorales. Scheidt’s work, though influenced by Sweelinck, shows his own skill in counterpoint. His Tablatur-Buch (1650) contains harmonized accompaniments for 100 sacred songs and psalms, pointing to the growing practice of congregational singing in Lutheran churches....

system of musical notation based on a player’s finger position, as opposed to notes showing rhythm and pitch. Tablatures were used for lute and keyboard music during the Renaissance and Baroque eras....

...stone is the girdle; the girdle lies on a plane that separates the crown, the stone’s upper portion, from the pavilion, the stone’s base. The large facet in the crown parallel to the girdle is the table; the very small one in the pavilion also parallel to the girdle is the culet. Certain stones, such as mogul cut diamonds (egg-shaped jewels faceted without regard for symmetry or b...

basic article of furniture, known and used in the Western world since at least the 7th century bc, consisting of a flat slab of stone, metal, wood, or glass supported by trestles, legs, or a pillar....

In 1604 at London appeared the first purely English dictionary to be issued as a separate work, entitled A Table Alphabeticall, conteyning and teaching the true writing and understanding of hard usuall English wordes, borrowed from the Hebrew, Greeke, Latine, or French &c., by Robert Cawdrey, who had been a schoolmaster at Oakham, Rutland, about 1580, and in 1604 was living at...

bay of the Atlantic Ocean, located near the southern tip of Africa and forming the harbour of Cape Town. Extending north from Cape Town to Melkbosstrand, S.Af., the bay is 12 miles (19 km) long and 8 miles wide; it contains Robben Island and is overlooked by Table Mountain. Portuguese navigators were the first Europeans to see the bay (c....

...form of the plant Beta vulgaris of the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae), one of the most important vegetables. Four distinct types are cultivated for four different purposes: (1) the garden beet, or beetroot, or table beet, as a garden vegetable; (2) the sugar beet, a major source of sugar; (3) the mangel-wurzel, or mangold, a succulent feed for livestock; and (4) the leaf beet,......

...it floats on the water. Because of their origin, the Antarctic icebergs are much longer than they are high, occasionally measuring some tens of kilometres in length. For this reason they are called table bergs....

...Taking this European attitude into account, the Egyptian manufacturers created several unusual shapes and sizes for the European market: square, round, and cruciform carpets, obviously designed for tables rather than floors. During the 17th century, covering the entire floor with costly knotted carpets became fashionable. The mid-20th century witnessed a boom in antique-carpet prices that......

...today. Fissure eruptions beneath the ice form steep ridges of broken lava fragments rather than lava-flow plateaus, while subglacial eruptions from point-source vents that erupt repeatedly form table mountains. Table mountain volcanoes have steep sides of pillow lavas—sacklike structures that form when flows of basaltic lava are extruded into the ocean, a deep lake, or a water-filled......

flat-topped mountain in southwestern South Africa, overlooking Cape Town and Table Bay and dominating the northern end of the high, rocky Cape Peninsula. Its tabular shape results from nearly horizontal layers of sandstone exposed by vigorous wind and water erosion. The distinctive-looking mountain is one of Cape Town’s most recognize...

The table rolls, in addition to supporting the wire, function as water-removal devices. The rapidly rotating roll in contact with the underside of the wire produces a suction or pumping action that increases the drainage of water through the wire....

mineral substance of great importance. The mineral form halite, or rock salt, is sometimes called common salt to distinguish it from a class of chemical compounds called salts....

...unit can also be pivoted to make angular and ripping cuts. The work is laid on a wooden table on top of the base, and the motor-blade unit is manually moved across it, cutting as it goes. The table saw (or stationary circular saw) consists of a circular saw that can be raised and tilted, protruding through a slot in a horizontal metal table on which the work can be laid and pushed into......

...colourless, water-soluble compounds present in the sap of seed plants and the milk of mammals and making up the simplest group of carbohydrates. (See also carbohydrate.) The most common sugar is sucrose, a crystalline tabletop and industrial sweetener used in foods and beverages....

informal conversation at or as if at a dining table; especially, the social talk of a celebrity recorded for publication. Collections of such conversations exist from as early as the 3rd century ad, and the term has been in use in English since about the 16th century. The practice of recording conversations and sayings of the famous became especially popular in the 17th century. This...

...and At My Heart’s Core (1950), which are satires on Canadian standards and values. He also published collections of humorous essays, such as The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947); The Table Talk of Samuel Marchbanks (1949), in which an irascible old bachelor’s opinions highlight the problems of sustaining culture in Canada; and Samuel Marchbanks’ Alm...

...to be the poor timing of his decision. (It is noteworthy that Luther was not the first of the reformers to marry.) Katherine of Bora proved to be a splendid helpmate for Luther. Table Talks, a collection of Luther’s comments at the dinner table as recorded by one of his student boarders, pays tribute to “Dr. Katie” as a skillful household manager an...

ball game similar in principle to lawn tennis and played on a flat table divided into two equal courts by a net fixed across its width at the middle. The object is to hit the ball so that it goes over the net and bounces on the opponent’s half of the table in such a way that the opponent cannot reach it or return it correctly. The lightweight hollow ball is propelled back and forth across t...

...minéralogie (1801; “Treatise on Mineralogy”), Traité de physique (“Treatise on Physics”), written at Napoleon’s request (1803), and Tableau comparatif (“Comparative Table”), his mineralogical classification (1809)....

Quesnay’s system of political economy was summed up in Tableau économique (1758), which diagrammed the relationship between the different economic classes and sectors of society and the flow of payments between them. In his Tableau Quesnay developed the notion of economic equilibrium, a concept frequently used as a point of departure for subsequent economic analys...

...periodical, Le Globe. In its pages he wrote his first essays on the poetry of Victor Hugo and soon became a member of his literary circle of Romantic writers and poets. In his first book, Tableau historique et critique de la poésie française et du théâtre français au XVIe siècle (1828; “Historical and Critic...

Among the more elaborate mechanical devices popularized in the 18th century were tableaux mécaniques, or mechanical pictures. These framed painted landscapes, in which figures, windmills, and so forth spring to life by means of hidden clockwork, remained popular through the 19th century. A tableau designed for Mme de Pompadour (1759; Conservatoire National des Arts et......

...or dominion would do so with a large entourage in full pomp and heraldic dress. These entrances included a series of stops at stages placed at various intervals en route. Tableaux vivant and mimes were performed in costumes similar to those worn in the mystery and morality plays. With the gradual decline of church power and the revival of Classical ideas,.....

...in murder and suicide. To elucidate the conflicts of the human psyche, Lenormand often chose abnormal or pathological types for his characters, and to portray their inner struggles, he made use of tableaux, i.e., a succession of very short scenes occupying only part of the stage and serving to show the various facets of the characters’ inner personalities. Stage settings and effec...

A narrow coastal strip of fertile river valleys, plains, and granite outcrops is bounded on the west by steep gorges and ascents leading up to the tableland, a series of plateaus stretching from the New England Range in the north, the central and southern tablelands, and the Monaro plateau in the south. To the west of Monaro lies the Kosciusko massif, rising to 7,310 feet (2,228 metres) in......

isolated submarine volcanic mountain with a flat summit more than 200 m (660 feet) below sea level. Such flat tops may have diameters greater than 10 km (6 miles). (The term derives from the Swiss-American geologist Arnold Henry Guyot.)...

...the northern end of the Avenue of the Dead is the Pyramid of the Moon, very similar to that of the Sun, but with an additional platform-temple jutting out on the south. This exhibits the talud-tablero architectural motif that is typical of Teotihuacán culture: on each body or tier of a stepped pyramid is a rectangular frontal panel (tablero) supported by a sloping batter......

...and varied experiments but primarily on “an entirely different method, order, and process for advancing experience.” This method consisted of the construction of what he called “tables of discovery.” He distinguished three kinds: tables of presence, of absence, and of degree (i.e., in the case of any two properties, such as heat and friction, instances in which they....

Tablets are by far the most common dosage form. Normally, they are intended for the oral or the sublingual routes of administration. They are made by compressing powdered drug along with various excipients in a tablet press. Excipients are more or less inert substances added to the powdered drug in order to (1) facilitate the tablet-making process, (2) bind the tablet together so it will not......

mountain on the north side of the Gaspé Peninsula in Gaspesian Provincial Park, eastern Quebec province, Canada. The highest peak in the well-forested Monts Chic-Choc (Shickshock Mountains), an extension of the Appalachians, is Mount Jacques Cartier, which has an elevation of 4,160 feet (1,268 m). The name Tabletop indicates its flat summit....

utensils used at the table for holding, serving, and handling food and drink. Tableware includes various types of containers (known as hollowware), spoons and forks (flatware), knives (cutlery), and a variety of dishes and accessories....

...likewise widespread in Pakistan. Differences between the two movements over a variety of theological issues are significant to the point that violence often has erupted between them. Another group, Tablīghī Jamāʿat (founded 1926), headquartered in Raiwind, near Lahore, is a lay ministry group whose annual conference attracts hundreds of thousands of members from thro...

...the perimeter into different spaces for conversation and relaxation; it was reached from the street through the prothyrum, an entrance passageway. Located between the atrium and peristyle was the tablinum, an open living room that could be curtained off from public view. A hallway, or fauces, was positioned to one side of the tablinum, to provide convenient access to the peristyle....

The most spectacular public dances of the Pueblos are the corn dances, or tablita dances, named for the women’s tablet crowns with cloud symbols. They recur at various times during the spring and summer, with most pageantry after Easter and on the pueblo’s saint’s day. The people pay homage to the patron saint in an early morning mass an...

Another Harmsworth innovation was the tabloid newspaper, which was to revolutionize the popular press in the 20th century. The term tabloid was coined by Harmsworth when he designed and edited an experimental issue of the New York World, produced for New Year’s Day, 1900. The tabloid halved the size of the newspaper page, which allowed easier handl...

island in the Bay of Panama, central Panama. Taboga and its small neighbour, Taboguilla Island, lie 11 miles (18 km) south of Panama City, with which they are connected by boat service. Taboga, about 2 miles (3 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, is known for its pineapples and mangoes and is a year-round tourist resort. Visitors are attracted by its church, one of the oldest in the Western Hemisph...

the prohibition of an action based on the belief that such behaviour is either too sacred and consecrated or too dangerous and accursed for ordinary individuals to undertake. The term taboo is of Polynesian origin and was first noted by Captain James Cook during his visit to Tonga in 1771; he introduced it into the English language, after which it achieved widespread curr...

three-holed fipple, or whistle, flute played along with a small snare drum. The player holds the pipe with his left hand, stopping the holes with the thumb and the first and second fingers; the other two fingers support the instrument. A scale is obtained by overblowing, using the second to the fourth harmonics; the gaps between the harmonics are filled by uncovering the finger holes. The tabor, ...

city, southern Czech Republic. It lies along a bend in the Lužnice River 50 miles (80 km) south of Prague. Founded in 1420 by Jan Žižka and other followers of the Bohemian religious reformer Jan Hus, Tábor became the radical centre of the more militant members of the movement, known as the Taborites...

historic elevation of northern Israel, in Lower Galilee near the edge of the Plain of Esdraelon (ʿEmeq Yizreʿel). Though comparatively low (1,929 feet [588 m]), it dominates the level landscape around it, leading to the biblical expression “like Tabor among the mountains” (Jeremiah 46:18). It is first mentioned in the 13th century bc in Egyptian inscriptio...

town, west-central Tanzania. Lying on the Central Plateau at an elevation of 4,000 feet (1,200 m), it has a mean annual temperature of 73 °F (23 °C). The town has been the capital of the Nyamwezi people and was the major trade link between the coast and the Congo River basin prior to European colonial rule. As the junction point of the east-west (Dar es-Salaam–Ujiji) railway a...

type of armless and backless seat or stool. Early taborets were probably named for their cylindrical shape, which resembled a drum (Old French: tabour)....

three-holed fipple, or whistle, flute played along with a small snare drum. The player holds the pipe with his left hand, stopping the holes with the thumb and the first and second fingers; the other two fingers support the instrument. A scale is obtained by overblowing, using the second to the fourth harmonics; the gaps between the harmonics are filled by uncovering the finger holes. The tabor, ...

member of a militant group of Bohemian Hussite reformers who in 1420 gave the biblical name of Tabor (Czech: Tábor) to their fortified settlement south of Prague. Like their more moderate coreligionists, the Utraquists, they were strict biblicists and insisted on receiving a Eucharist of both bread and wine, though ...

Hungarian-born writer and theatre director who crafted plays, novels, and screenplays, many of which limned the emigrant experience and explored Germany’s relationship with the Jewish people. Tabori, who was Jewish, in the mid-1930s left Hungary and settled in London, where he worked for the BBC and wrote novels, among them Beneath the Stone (1945), Companions of the Left Hand...

Hungarian-born writer and theatre director who crafted plays, novels, and screenplays, many of which limned the emigrant experience and explored Germany’s relationship with the Jewish people. Tabori, who was Jewish, in the mid-1930s left Hungary and settled in London, where he worked for the BBC and wrote novels, among them Beneath the Stone (1945), Companions of the Left Hand...

member of a militant group of Bohemian Hussite reformers who in 1420 gave the biblical name of Tabor (Czech: Tábor) to their fortified settlement south of Prague. Like their more moderate coreligionists, the Utraquists, they were strict biblicists and insisted on receiving a Eucharist of both bread and wine, though ...

type of armless and backless seat or stool. Early taborets were probably named for their cylindrical shape, which resembled a drum (Old French: tabour)....

theoretician and historian of the dance, whose Orchésographie (1588) contains carefully detailed, step-by-step descriptions of 16th-century and earlier dance forms....

dam on the Euphrates River in north-central Syria. The dam, which is located 30 miles (50 km) upriver from the town of Ar-Raqqah, was begun in 1968. Its construction prompted an intense archaeological excavation of the area around the town of Ṭabaqah. The dam is of earth-fill construction, some 197 feet (60 m) high and 2.8 miles (4.5 km) long. It was c...

northern arm of the Singapore Strait, 30 mi (50 km) long and 34–3 mi wide, between the Republic of Singapore and the region of Johor at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It is crossed by a rail and road causeway linking Johor Baharu, Malaysia, with Woodlands, Singapore. The strait was the scene of fighting in February 1942 during the Japanese drive ...

fourth largest city of Iran and capital of the East Āz̄arbāyjān province, lying about 4,485 feet (1,367 metres) above sea level in the extreme northwestern part of the country. The climate is continental: hot and dry in summer and severely cold in winter. The city lies in a valley surrounded by hills on three sides. It is in an earthquake zone that is...

floor covering handmade in or around Tabrīz, the principal city of northwestern Iran and one of its best-known carpet-producing centres. The identification of the court carpets of the early 16th-century Ṣafavid shahs who made Tabrīz their capital is no longer as simple as it once seemed. Still, the magnificent Ardabīl Carpet at the Victoria and Albert...

in painting, school of miniaturists founded by the Mongol Il-Khans early in the 14th century and active through the first half of the 16th century. The style represented the first full penetration of East Asian traditions into Islāmic painting, an influence that was extreme at first but then blended with the native idiom....

the prohibition of an action based on the belief that such behaviour is either too sacred and consecrated or too dangerous and accursed for ordinary individuals to undertake. The term taboo is of Polynesian origin and was first noted by Captain James Cook during his visit to Tonga in 1771; he introduced it into the English language, after which it achieved widespread curr...

...his films, Murnau joined with the pioneer documentary filmmaker Robert Flaherty to form a production company in 1928. The following year the pair traveled to the South Seas to film Tabu; Flaherty, however, objected to Murnau’s desire to incorporate a fictionalized love story into what was ostensibly an objective documentary of Polynesian life. Though he is credit...

coral formation of the Northern Line Islands, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Discovered in 1798 by an American trader and explorer, Edmund Fanning, the atoll is composed of several islets that surround a lagoon 32 miles (51 km) in circumference. It was annexed in 1888 by Britain as the site for a transpacific cable-rela...

...His career culminated with the reflections on grief, sickness, and death of Camere separate (1989; Separate Rooms). Also notable are the short stories and short novels of Antonio Tabucchi—for example, Notturno indiano (1984; Indian Nocturne) and Piccoli equivoci senza importanza (1985; Little Misunderstandings of No.....

oasis city, northwestern Saudi Arabia. The city is situated amid a grove of date palms. In former times it was a station on the Hejaz railway (now defunct). At the edge of the old part of Tabūk stands a Turkish fort, built in 1694. Present-day Tabūk is one of the fastest-growing industrial centres of Saudi Arabia. Pop. (2004 est.) 441,351....

...century bc). The largest text, a treaty between Nola and Abella from the 2nd century bc, is carved on a stone slab, called the Cippus Abellanus. In Bantia, a nearly unknown town of Lucania, the Tabula Bantina is preserved, the most extensive Oscan inscription. It is a bronze tablet with penal laws concerning municipal administration, written in Latin letters during t...

copy of a Roman map, made in 1265 by a monk of Colmar (Alsace) on 12 sheets of parchment. Eleven of the sheets are now in the Nationalbibliothek in Vienna. The dimensions are 268 by 13 13 inches (6.82 by 0.34 metres). The copy was found by Conradus Celtis in 1494 and was bequeathed by him to his friend Konrad Peutinger (1465–1547) of Augsburg....

(Latin: “scraped tablet,” i.e., “clean slate”), in epistemology (theory of knowledge) and psychology, a supposed condition that empiricists attribute to the human mind before ideas have been imprinted on it by the reaction of the senses to the external world of objects....

...of reality, is more than one-dimensional. Despite the interaction and correspondence between levels—“What is below is like what is above; what is above is like what is below” (Tabula Smaragdina, “Emerald Tablet,” a work on alchemy attributed to Hermes Trismegistus)—they are not to be equated or confused. At once a praxis (technique) and a gnosis....

Peuerbach also computed an influential set of eclipse tables, Tabulae eclipsium (c. 1459), based on the Alfonsine Tables, that circulated widely in manuscript before the first Viennese edition (1514). Peuerbach composed other treatises, most still in manuscript, devoted to elementary arithmetic, sine tables, calculating devices, and the construction of astronomical instruments......

a set of seven inscribed bronze tables found in 1444 at Iguvium (modern Gubbio, Italy), an Umbrian town. The tables are written in the Umbrian language, four and part of a fifth using the Umbrian script, the rest Latin characters. The earliest appear to date from the 3rd or 2nd century bc, the latest from the early part of the 1st century bc. These t...

...Thus, it was widely read by mathematical astronomers, in spite of its central cosmological hypothesis, which was widely ignored. In 1551 the German astronomer Erasmus Reinhold published the Tabulae prutenicae (“Prutenic Tables”), computed by Copernican methods. The tables were more accurate and more up-to-date than their 13th-century predecessor and became indispensable......

planetary tables and star catalog published in 1627 by Johannes Kepler, based principally on the observations of Tycho Brahe. The best of the pretelescopic catalogs, it is accurate to a few minutes of arc and contains positions for 1,005 stars (increased by Kepler from Tycho’s 777) and tables and directions for locating the planets. It is the first catalog to include corr...

Tabular alumina is aluminum oxide that has been heated to temperatures above 1,650° C (3,000° F). Composed of tabletlike crystals, it has high heat capacity and thermal conductivity as well as exceptional strength and volume stability at high temperatures. For these reasons, a major use of tabular alumina is in the production of high-quality refractories, the materials used for linin...

The most commonly used tabular summary of data for a single variable is a frequency distribution. A frequency distribution shows the number of data values in each of several nonoverlapping classes. Another tabular summary, called a relative frequency distribution, shows the fraction, or percentage, of data values in each class. The most common tabular summary of data for two variables is a......

major division of extinct coral animals found as fossils in Ordovician to Jurassic marine rocks (488 million to 146 million years old). Tabulata is characterized by the presence of interior platforms, or tabulae, and by a general lack of vertical walls, or septa. Colonial masses of these tabulate corals sometimes comprised sizable structures....

American inventor of a tabulating machine that was an important precursor of the electronic computer....

...vocal music, notably Cantiones sacrae (1620) for eight voices, and four books of Geistliche Concerten (1631–40) for two to six voices and continuo. The publication of his Tabulatura nova (three parts, 1624) was an important event in the history of organ music. The title refers to the musical notation used: keyboard tablature in the Italian sense (i.e.,......

...toxins that achieve their effects by causing a continual stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Parathion and malathion are thus highly effective agricultural insecticides, while sarin, tabun, and soman are nerve gases designed for use in chemical warfare to induce nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and death in humans....

site of paleoanthropological excavations in a deep rock shelter located on the edge of Mount Carmel and facing the Mediterranean Sea in northern Israel. Artifacts discovered in a long sequence of deposits at this site document patterns of change in stone-tool manufacture during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic periods. Thi...

a people who live mainly on the southwestern shores of Lake Tanganyika, on the high grassy plateaus of the Marungu massif in extreme southeastern Congo (Kinshasa). Some also live in northeasternmost Zambia and along the Luapula River. Tabwa speak a Bantu language closely related to those of neighbouring Bemba of Zambia and Luba of Congo....

...Gaua, Mount Benbow and Mount Marum on Ambrym, and Mount Yasur on Tanna. There are also several submarine volcanoes in the group, and some islands have solfataras or fumaroles. The highest point is Mount Tabwémasana, 6,165 feet (1,879 metres), on Espíritu Santo, the largest island. The climate divides into two seasons—hot and wet from November to April and cooler and drier.....

association of architects specializing in school buildings that was founded in 1946 in Cambridge, Mass., U.S., by Walter Gropius. The original partners included Norman Fletcher, John Harkness, Sarah Harkness, Robert McMillan, Louis McMillen, and Benjamin Thompson....

Turkish historian, the author of the renowned Tac üt-tevarih (“Crown of Histories”), which covers the period from the origins of the Ottoman Empire to the end of the reign of Selim I (1520)....

The Balsam poplar, or tacamahac (P. tacamahaca or P. balsamifera), which is native throughout northern North America in swampy soil, is distinguished by its aromatic, resinous buds. The buds of the similar balm of Gilead poplar (P. jackii) are used to make an ointment. Western balsam poplar, or black cottonwood (P.......

...the central section. The Northern Mountains of Chiapas, block mountains capped with volcanic materials and reaching elevations above 12,000 feet (3,650 metres), compose the eastern section. The Tacaná Volcano, located on the southern extreme of the highlands at the Mexico–Guatemala border, rises to 13,484 feet (4,110 metres)....

town in southeastern Tunisia. Situated on a Mediterranean oasis along the Gulf of Gabes, the town is located at the mouth of the Wadi Qābis (Oued Gabès), which has its source 6 miles (10 km) upstream at the Ras al-Oued (springs), the town’s main water source. The town’s remains attest to Carthaginian settlement be...

town in southeastern Tunisia. Situated on a Mediterranean oasis along the Gulf of Gabes, the town is located at the mouth of the Wadi Qābis (Oued Gabès), which has its source 6 miles (10 km) upstream at the Ras al-Oued (springs), the town’s main water source. The town’s remains attest to Carthaginian settlement be...

lake in Carabobo and Aragua estados (states), central Venezuela. Lying in a basin in the Cordillera de la Costa (Maritime Andes) of the central highlands at an elevation of 1,362 ft (415 m) above sea level, Lake Valencia measures approximately 18 mi (29 km) from east to west and 10 mi from north to south. Its total area of 141 sq mi (364 sq km) makes it th...