(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20090725040152/http://www.britannica.com:80/
Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you.

Britannica - The Online Encyclopedia

More in History & Society:

Sarah Palin (In the News)
The Alaska governor steps down this Sunday, relinquishing her office to Lieutenant Governor Sean Parnell.
Spanish Civil War (Featured Article)
This conflict, which presaged the horrors of World War II, ground to a bloody conclusion 70 years ago in the streets of Madrid.
Celtic religion (Featured Article)
The beliefs of these ancient people survive today in such traditions as Halloween.
Today's Birthdays
-American politician Bella Abzug (1920)
-British statesman Edward Cardwell, Viscount Cardwell (1813)
-Latin American leader Simón Bolívar (1783)
-French detective François Vidocq (1775)

More in Arts & Entertainment:

Chicago White Sox (In the News)
Yesterday Sox starter Mark Buehrle became only the 18th pitcher in Major League history to throw a perfect game, when he retired 27 batters in a row in a 5-0 win over the Tampa Bay Rays.
Motown 
This year marks the 50th anniversary of one of the most influential record labels in the history of popular music.
For other related coverage, see:
Berry Gordy
soul music
Smokey Robinson
The Supremes

Michael Jackson
Yiddish literature (Featured Article)
This literary tradition endured centuries of turmoil and hardship to undergo a rebirth in the 20th century.
Today's Birthdays
-American baseball player Barry Bonds (1964)
-American jockey Julie Krone (1963)
-Japanese author Tanizaki Jun'ichiro (1886)
-French author Alexandre Dumas (1802)

More in Geography & Travel:

Brazil (Featured Country)
This country, which is the fifth largest in the world, is occupied by a complex landscape that contains most of the Amazon River basin and the world's most extensive virgin rainforest.
Timbuktu (Featured City)
Known today as the administrative centre of the West African country of Mali, this city was historically important as a trading post on the trans-Saharan caravan route.
Ha Long Bay (Featured Landmark)
This bay in northern Vietnam, which is home to a diverse population of marine and land mammals, reptiles, fish, and birds, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1994.

More in Science & Technology:

Hovercraft Semicentennial
On July 25, 1959, the first hovercraft crossed the English Channel, coinciding with the 50-year anniversary of French aviator Louis Blériot's pioneering flight across the narrow strait.
For other related coverage, see:
Louis Blériot
Blériot XI
English Channel
History of Flight
Alzheimer Disease (Featured Article)
First described in 1906, this degenerative brain disorder is today known to be the most common form of dementia, with symptoms typically appearing after age 60.
Giant Panda (Featured Article)
These striking black-and-white endangered bearlike mammals serve as an international symbol for the significance of species conservation.
Today's Birthdays
-American aviator Amelia Earhart (1897)
-French physicist Henri-Alexandre Deslandres (1853)
-German astronomer, geologist, and traveler Adolf Overweg (1822)
-French scientist and explorer Joseph Nicolas Nicollet (1786)

More in Featured Video:

More in Britannica Blog:

http://nblogs/blogs/feed/

More in Advocacy for Animals:

http://feeds.feedburner.com/animaladvocacy
    • Tour de Lance
    • Pregorexia?
    • Cheap Dives & Shadowy Doorways
    • Mosley on Poetry
    • Dirty Tricks
    • El Libertador
    • Oldest Bible Hits Cyberspace
    • Global Unity & Social Progress
    • Macau:
      Las Vegas
      of the East
    • Rio Amazonas
    • The Skulls of Belgrade Cathedral
    • Shrine of the Great Emancipator
    • First Lady of the Skies
    • Finding Faults
    • Human Intelligence and Genetics
    • Probes in the Outer Realm of Space
    • Policies of the Nazis
    • Zebras
    • Mammals of the Pampas
    • Advocacy for Animals
    • Join the Conversation!
5
Advanced Search Return to Standard Search
ADVANCED SEARCH
Did You Mean...
More Results
There are currently no results related to your search. Please check to see that you spelled your query correctly. Or, try a different or more general query term.
Join Free Community

Please join our community in order to save your work, create a new document, upload
media files, recommend an article or submit changes to our editors.

Premium Member/Community Member Login

"Email" is the e-mail address you used when you registered. "Password" is case sensitive.

If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support.

Enter the e-mail address you used when registering and we will e-mail your password to you. (or click on Cancel to go back).

Encyclopædia Britannica

Magazines
Send
Link to this article and share the full text with the readers of your Web site or blog post.

Permalink Copy Link

Upload Image

Upload Photo

We do not support the media type you are attempting to upload.

We currently support the following file types:

  • BMP
  • GIF
  • JPG
  • PNG

An error occured during the upload.

Please try again later.

Thank you for your upload!

As a community member, you can upload up to 3 files. To upload unlimited files, upgrade to a premium membership. Take a Free Trial today!

Upload video

Upload Video

We do not support the media type you are attempting to upload.

We currently support the following file types:

  • 3GP
  • ASF
  • AVI
  • FLV
  • MOV
  • MP4
  • MPG
  • VOB
  • WMV

An error occured during the upload.

Please try again later.

Thank you for your upload!

As a community member, you can upload up to 3 files. To upload unlimited files, upgrade to a premium membership. Take a Free Trial today!