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“Meditationes de Prima Philosophia” (work by Descartes)
In 1641 Descartes published the Meditations on First Philosophy, in Which Is Proved the Existence of God and the Immortality of the Soul. Written in Latin and dedicated to the Jesuit professors at the Sorbonne in Paris, the work includes critical responses by several eminent thinkers—collected by Mersenne from the Jansenist philosopher and theologian Antoine......
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“Meditationes philosophicae de Nonnullis ad Poema Pertinentibus” (work by Baumgarten)
The first of these propositions explains the word aesthetic, which was initially used in this connection by the Leibnizian philosopher Alexander Baumgarten in Meditationes Philosophicae de Nonnullis ad Poema Pertinentibus (1735; Reflections on Poetry). Baumgarten borrowed the Greek term for sensory perception (aisthēsis) in order to denote a realm of concrete......
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Meditations (work by Marcus Aurelius)
In prose these centuries have somewhat more to boast, though the greatest work by a Roman was written in Greek, the Meditations of the emperor Marcus Aurelius. Elocutio novella, a blend of archaisms and colloquial speech, is seen to best advantage in Apuleius (born about 125). Other writers of note were Aulus Gellius and......
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Meditations in Time of Civil War (poem by Yeats)
...its culture retains many unique characteristics, and its people prize folkloric and social traditions that largely derive from and celebrate the country’s rural past. In Meditations in Time of Civil War William Butler Yeats, perhaps Ireland’s best-known poet, evokes the idyllic and idealized countryside, a place central to the memories of the country...
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Meditations on First Philosophy, in Which Is Proved the Existence of God and the Immortality of the Soul (work by Descartes)
In 1641 Descartes published the Meditations on First Philosophy, in Which Is Proved the Existence of God and the Immortality of the Soul. Written in Latin and dedicated to the Jesuit professors at the Sorbonne in Paris, the work includes critical responses by several eminent thinkers—collected by Mersenne from the Jansenist philosopher and theologian Antoine......
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“Méditations poétiques” (work by Lamartine)
In 1820 Lamartine married Maria Ann Birch, a young Englishwoman connected by marriage to the Churchills. The same year he published his first collection of poetry, Méditations poétiques, and finally joined the diplomatic corps, as secretary to the French embassy at Naples. Méditations was immensely successful because of its new romantic tone and sincerity of......
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Mediterranean Action Plan (international agreement)
...threat of marine pollution. Assisted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 16 countries adopted the Mediterranean Action Plan (Med Plan) in 1975. The Med Plan comprises four elements: legal measures, institutional and financial support, integrated planning to prevent environmental degradation, and coordinated pollution......
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Mediterranean Agreements (Austrian history)
...alliances and agreements that amounted to complete isolation of France and obliged the major European powers to guarantee the status quo along the borders of the Ottoman Empire. The First and Second Mediterranean Agreements of 1887 joined Great Britain to the powers (Austria-Hungary and Italy) interested in blocking Russia from the Straits and enabled Kálnoky to abandon direct agreements...
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Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, The (work by Braudel)
...of the massive work that established his international reputation, La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l’époque de Philippe II (1949; The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II). First submitted as a doctoral thesis to the Sorbonne in 1947 and subsequently published as a two-volume book, this......
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Mediterranean anemia (pathology)
group of blood disorders characterized by a deficiency of hemoglobin, the blood protein that transports oxygen to the tissues. Hemoglobin is composed of a porphyrin compound (heme) and globin. Thalassemia is caused by genetically determined abnormalities in the synthesis of one or more of the polypeptide chains of globin. ...
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mediterranean climate (climatology)
major climate type of the Köppen classification characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters and located between about 30° and 45° latitude on the western sides of the continents. In the Köppen-Geiger-Pohl system, it is divided into the Csa and Csb subtypes....
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Mediterranean diet
...than 1 percent of their energy from dairy products. In contrast, in Pakistan dairy products contribute almost 10 percent of energy. Among Western diets, the lowest in saturated fat is the so-called Mediterranean diet. In the 1950s it was found that Europeans living in rural areas near the Mediterranean Sea had a greater life expectancy than...
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Mediterranean draw (archery)
...shields the fingers used to draw the bowstring back, and a bracer is fitted to the inside forearm of the bow arm to protect against the released bowstring. In Western nations, the so-called Mediterranean draw is used to draw and loose the arrow; this is executed by pulling the string back with three fingers, the first being above and the second and third below the nocked arrow. In......
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Mediterranean fever (pathology)
infectious disease of humans and domestic animals characterized by an insidious onset of fever, chills, sweats, weakness, pains, and aches, all of which resolve within three to six months. The disease is named after the British army physician David Bruce, who in 1887 first isolated and identified the causa...
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Mediterranean flour moth (insect)
species of moth in the subfamily Phycitinae (family Pyralidae, order Lepidoptera) that is a cosmopolitan pest of cereal products and other stored foods. Sometimes also called Anagasta kuehniella, the flour moth requires vitamins A and B and the larvae cannot live on pure starch. Larvae spin a web in flour, grain, or seeds, causing problems in milling or sorting. After ...
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Mediterranean fruit fly (insect)
particularly destructive and costly insect pest, a species of fruit fly....
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Mediterranean gecko (reptile)
...have not only colonized many islands by rafting with humans on boats but have also invaded cities and towns throughout the world. For example, throughout Brazil, one of the best-known lizards, the Mediterranean gecko (Hemidactylus mabouia), is so common in houses and buildings that most Brazilians know more about it, based on their own observations, than they know about any of the......
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Mediterranean gull (bird)
...Sea Nature Reserve shelters many species of waterfowl and is the only Ukrainian breeding ground of the Mediterranean gull (Larus melanocephalus). Also located on the Black Sea, the Danube Water Meadows Reserve protects the Danube River’s tidewater biota. Other reserves in Ukraine preserve segments of the....
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Mediterranean hackberry (plant)
The Mediterranean hackberry, or European nettle tree (C. australis), is an ornamental that has lance-shaped, gray-green leaves and larger edible fruit. Some West African species produce valuable timber....
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Mediterranean ling (fish)
...being much longer than the first. A large, mottled, brown or greenish fish, the ling may grow to a length of about 2 m (almost 7 feet). It is related to two other deepwater European fishes: the Spanish, or Mediterranean, ling (M. macrophthalma, or M. elongata) and the blue ling (M. dypterygia, or M. byrkelange)....
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Mediterranean low (meteorology)
...controlling air mass circulation are created by belts of air pressure over five areas. They are the Icelandic low, over the North Atlantic; the Azores high, a high-pressure ridge; the (winter) Mediterranean low; the Siberian high, centred over Central Asia in winter but extending westward; and the Asiatic low, a low-pressure summertime......
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Mediterranean macchia (vegetation)
a scrubland vegetation of the Mediterranean region, composed primarily of leathery, broad-leaved evergreen shrubs or small trees. Garigue, or garrigue, a poorer version of this vegetation, is found in areas with a thin, rocky soil. Maquis occurs primarily on the lower slopes of mountains bordering the ...
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Mediterranean macchie (vegetation)
a scrubland vegetation of the Mediterranean region, composed primarily of leathery, broad-leaved evergreen shrubs or small trees. Garigue, or garrigue, a poorer version of this vegetation, is found in areas with a thin, rocky soil. Maquis occurs primarily on the lower slopes of mountains bordering the ...
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Mediterranean maquis (vegetation)
a scrubland vegetation of the Mediterranean region, composed primarily of leathery, broad-leaved evergreen shrubs or small trees. Garigue, or garrigue, a poorer version of this vegetation, is found in areas with a thin, rocky soil. Maquis occurs primarily on the lower slopes of mountains bordering the ...
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Mediterranean monk seal (mammal)
...West Indian, monk seal (M. tropicalis) was thought to be extinct by the early 1970s. The surviving species, both in danger of extinction, are the Mediterranean monk seal (M. monachus) and the Hawaiian, or Laysan, monk seal (M. schauinslandi). The seals are threatened by human disturbance of their coastal habitats, disease, and......
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Mediterranean pearlfish (fish)
In the Mediterranean pearlfish (Carapus acus), a member of the order Ophidiiformes (family Carapidae), clumps of eggs released by the female in late summer appear at the surface and hatch into a specialized larva, the vexillifer, which lives amid the plankton. After attaining a length of about 7 to 8 cm (about 3 inches), the vexillifer transforms to another larval stage, the......
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Mediterranean Pyrenees (mountain range, Europe)
...of their relief and from the climatic conditions (especially on the south) that derive from the geographic situation of the chain, the Pyrenees have been divided into three natural regions: the Eastern (or Mediterranean), Pyrenees, the Central Pyrenees, and the Western Pyrenees. The different vegetation, the linguistic divisions of the people, and—to a point—certain ethnic and......
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Mediterranean region (biogeography)
The Mediterranean region is the winter rainfall zone of the Holarctic kingdom (Figure 1). It is characterized by sclerophyllous plants mainly of the scrubland type known as maquis. It is difficult to define, however, because many of its characteristic plants (about 250 genera) are centred around but not confined to this region. The region extends entirely around the Mediterranean, from Portugal......
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Mediterranean Sea
Inland sea enclosed by Europe, Africa, and Asia....
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Mediterranean soil
...of Fire” (from the Andes to Alaska to Japan to Indonesia to New Zealand), in the Rift Valley of Africa, and in volcanic regions of Mediterranean countries....
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Mediterranean Union (international organization)
...continued to play a vocal role in European affairs once France assumed the presidency of the EU, which rotates among member countries, that July. The same month, Sarkozy oversaw the launch of the Mediterranean Union, an international organization made up of Mediterranean rim countries in Europe, ......
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Mediterranean, Union for the (international organization)
...continued to play a vocal role in European affairs once France assumed the presidency of the EU, which rotates among member countries, that July. The same month, Sarkozy oversaw the launch of the Mediterranean Union, an international organization made up of Mediterranean rim countries in Europe, ......
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Mediterranean vegetation
any scrubby, dense vegetation composed of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs, bushes, and small trees usually less than 2.5 m (about 8 feet) tall and growing in regions lying between 30° and 40° north and south latitudes. These regions have a climate similar to that of the Mediterranean area, which is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Around the ...
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Mediterranean-Himalayan System (mountains, Eurasia)
The interconnected system of mountain ranges and intermontane plateaus that lies between the stable areas of Africa, Arabia, and India on the south and Europe and Asia on the north owes its existence to the collisions of different continental fragments during the past 100,000,000 years. Some 150,000,000 years ago, India and much of what is......
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“Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l’époque de Philippe II, La” (work by Braudel)
...of the massive work that established his international reputation, La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l’époque de Philippe II (1949; The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II). First submitted as a doctoral thesis to the Sorbonne in 1947 and subsequently published as a two-volume book, this......
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Mediterraneo (film by Salvatores [1991])
...of the massive work that established his international reputation, La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l’époque de Philippe II (1949; The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II). First submitted as a doctoral thesis to the Sorbonne in 1947 and subsequently published as a two-volume book, this.........
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medium (occultism)
in occultism, a person reputedly able to make contact with the world of spirits, especially while in a state of trance. A spiritualist medium is the central figure during a séance and sometimes requires the assistance of an invisible go-between, or control. During a séance, disembodied voices...
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medium (art)
Another question is why a composition expresses itself through its particular medium? Why that medium rather than another?...
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Medium A (tank)
...These tanks, however, were too slow and had too short an operating range to exploit the breakthrough. In consequence, demand grew for a lighter, faster type of tank, and in 1918 the 14-ton Medium A appeared with a speed of eight miles (13 kilometres) per hour and a range of 80 miles. After 1918, however, the most widely used tank was the French Renault F.T., a light six-ton vehicle......
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medium aevium (European history)
the period in European history from the collapse of Roman civilization in the 5th century ad to the period of the Renaissance (variously interpreted as beginning in the 13th, 14th, or 15th century, depending on the region of Europe and on other factors). The term and its conventional meaning were introduced by Italian humanists with invidious intent; the h...
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Medium Is the Massage: An Inventory of Effects, The (work by McLuhan)
...other works include The Mechanical Bride: Folklore of Industrial Man (1951), Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (1964), The Medium Is the Message: An Inventory of Effects (with Quentin Fiore; 1967), From Cliché to Archetype (with Wilfred Watson; 1970), and City......
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medium machine gun (weapon)
...box-type magazine and is chambered for the small-calibre, intermediate-power ammunition fired by the assault rifles of its military unit. The medium machine gun, or general-purpose machine gun, is belt-fed, mounted on a bipod or tripod, and fires full-power rifle ammunition. Through World War......
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medium of exchange (economics)
...quantity of these pieces of paper—as they have during and after wars—money may be seen to be, after all, no more than pieces of paper. If the social arrangement that sustains money as a medium of exchange breaks down, people will then seek substitutes—like the cigarettes and cognac that for a time served as the medium of exchange in Germany after ......
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Medium, The (opera by Menotti)
...These works were less successful, and Menotti turned to writing chamber operas—requiring fewer singers and smaller orchestras—on melodramatic subjects. His first opera of this type, The Medium (1946), was a tragedy about a medium who becomes a victim of her own fraudulent voices. It was followed by a one-act comic opera...
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medium-bypass turbofan (engine)
Moving up in the spectrum of flight speeds to the transonic regime—Mach numbers from 0.75 to 0.9—the most common engine configurations are turbofan engines, such as those shown in Figures 4 and 5. In a turbofan, only a part of the gas horsepower generated by the core is extracted to drive a propulsor, which usually consists of a single low-pressure-ratio, shrouded turbocompression......
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medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (pathology)
Children with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) appear completely normal, unless they fast for a prolonged period or are faced by other metabolically stressful conditions, such as a severe viral illness. During periods of metabolic stress, affected individuals may develop hypoglycemia, lethargy, vomiting, seizures, and liver dysfunction. Intravenous hydration and glucose......
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medium-range ballistic missile (military technology)
Ballistic missiles are most often categorized as short-range, medium-range, intermediate-range, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (SRBMs, MRBMs, IRBMs, and ICBMs). SRBMs are effective to 300 miles (480 km), MRBMs from 300 to 600 miles (480 to 965 km), IRBMs from 600 to 3,300 miles (965 to 5,310 km), and ICBMs more than 3,300 miles (5,310 km)....
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medium-range weather forecasting (meteorology)
Medium-range forecasts that provide information five to seven days in advance were impossible before satellites began making global observations—particularly over the ocean waters of the Southern Hemisphere—routinely available in real time. Global forecasting models developed at the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the European Centre for Medium Range Weather......
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medium-security prison (penology)
...For the most serious criminals, there are high-security prisons, where the movement of every prisoner is closely supervised so that they have little chance of escaping. For the majority there are medium-security prisons, where prisoners are expected to work, attend educational programs, or participate in other activities that prepare them for release. Finally, there are prisons that have a......
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medium-size camera (photography)
This type of camera takes sheet film (typical formats of from 212 × 312 inches to 4 × 5 inches), roll film, or 70-mm film in interchangeable magazines; it has interchangeable lenses and may have a coupled rangefinder. Special types use wide-angle lenses and wide picture formats (e.g.,......
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medium-speed engine (diesel engine)
The diesel engine appears in two distinct types, the medium-speed engine and the low-speed engine. Both operate on the same principles, but each has its own attractions for the ship designer....
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medium-term warning system (military science)
Medium-term, or strategic, warning, usually involving a time span of a few days or weeks, is a notification or judgment that hostilities may be imminent. Short-term, or tactical, warning, often hours or minutes in advance, is a notification that the enemy has initiated hostilities....
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Medizinische Reform, Die (periodical by Virchow)
...After the revolution Virchow embraced the cause of such medical reforms as abolition of the various grades of physicians and surgeons, and from July 1848 to June 1849 he published a weekly paper, Die Medizinische Reform, much of which he wrote himself. His liberal views led the government, on March 31, 1849, to suspend him from his post at the Charité, but a fortnight later he was...
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Medjerda, Oued (river, Tunisia)
main river of Tunisia and the country’s only perennially flowing stream. Wadi Majardah rises in northeastern Algeria in the Majardah (Mejerda) Mountains and flows northeastward for 290 miles (460 km) to the Gulf of Tunis, draining an area of about 8,880 square miles (23,000 square km) before it enters the Mediterranean Sea. Dams along the river and its ...
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Medjerda valley (valley, Tunisia)
The surrounding area is the alluvial plain of the middle Majardah valley, a hot, dry region conducive to the cultivation of grains. Pop. (2004) 43,997....
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medlar (tree)
(species Mespilus germanica), tree of the rose family (Rosaceae), closely allied to the genus Pyrus, in which it is sometimes included. A native of Europe from The Netherlands southw...
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medley (swimming)
Ukrainian swimmer, who in 2004 became the first woman to win consecutive pairs of Olympic gold medals in the same events—the 200-metre and 400-metre individual medleys. Known as the “Medley Queen,” she lost only one medley race in international competition between 2000 and 2004....
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Medley Queen, the (Ukrainian athlete)
Ukrainian swimmer, who in 2004 became the first woman to win consecutive pairs of Olympic gold medals in the same events—the 200-metre and 400-metre individual medleys. Known as the “Medley Queen,” she lost only one medley race in international competition between 2000 and 2004....
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“Medny vsadnik” (poem by Pushkin)
...in the poem “Stansy” (1826; “Stanzas”), in The Negro of Peter the Great, in the historical poem Poltava (1829), and in the poem Medny vsadnik (1837; The Bronze Horseman)....
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Medobory-Toltry ridge (ridge, Moldova)
...feet [150 to 200 metres] in elevation) and also by uplands averaging twice this elevation, culminating in Vysokaya Hill (1,053 feet [321 metres]). The northern uplands include the strikingly eroded Medobory-Toltry limestone ridges, which border the Prut River....
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Médoc (district, France)
wine-producing district, southwestern France, on the left bank of the Gironde River estuary, northwest of Bordeaux. An undulating plain extending for about 50 miles (80 km) to Grave Point, the Médoc is renowned for its crus (vineyards). The grapes are grown especially along a strip of gravelly soil between the estuary and Landes Fore...
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Medrano (work by Archipenko)
...cubic and ovoid forms. About 1912, inspired by the Cubist collages of Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, Archipenko introduced the concept of collage in sculpture in his famous Medrano series, depictions of circus figures in multicoloured glass, wood, and metal that defy traditional use of materials and definitions of sculpture. During that same period he further......
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Medraut (British legendary figure)
...Britanniae (1135–38), celebrating a glorious and triumphant king who defeated a Roman army in eastern France but was mortally wounded in battle during a rebellion at home led by his nephew Mordred. Some features of Geoffrey’s story were marvelous fabrications, and certain features of the Celtic stories were adapted to suit feudal times. The concept of Arthur as a world conq...
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medrese (Muslim educational institution)
in Muslim countries, an institution of higher education. The madrasah functioned until the 20th century as a theological seminary and law school, with a curriculum centred on the Qurʾān. In addition to Islāmic theology and law, Arabic grammar and literature, mathematics, logic, ...
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MEDS (technology)
...767 (1981). Since that time, electronic displays have progressed throughout aviation and may now be found even in light aircraft. The next generation in cockpit management is the Multifunction Electronic Display Subsystem (MEDS), which allows pilots to call up desired information on a liquid crystal display (LCD). Besides being more easily understood by a computer-literate....
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Medtner, Nikolay (Russian composer)
...(first performed 1885) substitute for the cycle a single movement based on a single principle of musical structure (in contrast to the distinct structures of distinct movements). And the Russian Nikolay Medtner’s Piano Concerto in G Minor is a single, experimental variation of “sonata form.” It consists, as he himself explains,of an exposition, [a short,....
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Medúlla (work by Bjork)
...from pushing the musical boundaries that had made her a star of the 1990s and instead focused on a more rhythmic, contemplative intimacy. Björk’s later works include Medúlla (2004)—an all-vocals and vocal samples-based album that featured beatboxers (vocal-percussion artists), Icelandic and British choirs, and traditional Inuit......
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medulla (anatomy)
...each adrenal gland weighs about 5 grams (about 0.18 ounce) and measures about 30 mm (1.2 inches) wide, 50 mm (2 inches) long, and 10 mm (0.4 inch) thick. Each gland consists of two parts: an inner medulla, which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline), and an outer cortex, which produces steroid hormones. The two parts differ in embryological origin, structure,......
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medulla (lichen)
...may contain pigments. A cuticle may cover the cortex. The lower cortex, which is similar in structure to the upper cortex, participates in the formation of attachment structures called rhizines. The medulla, located below the algal layer, is the widest layer of a heteromerous thallus. It has a cottony appearance and consists of interlaced hyphae. The loosely structured nature of the medulla......
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medulla oblongata (anatomy)
the lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata is connected by the pons to the midbrain and is continuous posteriorly with the spinal cord, with which it merges at the opening (foramen magnum) at the base of the skull....
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Medulla Theologiae Moralis, Facili ac Perspicua Methodo Resolvens Casus Conscientiae ex Variis Probatisque Authoribus Concinnata (work by Busenbaum)
...entered the Society of Jesus in 1619 and was later appointed rector of the colleges of Hildesheim and Münster. His celebrated book Medulla Theologiae Moralis, Facili ac Perspicua Methodo Resolvens Casus Conscientiae ex Variis Probatisque Authoribus Concinnata (1650; “The Heart of Moral Theology, an Easy and......
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medullary cell (anatomy)
...layer of imbricated scales forming the cuticle. In many hairs the centre of the shaft is occupied by a medulla, which frequently contains minute air bubbles, giving it a dark appearance. The medullary cells tend to be grouped along the central axis of the hair as a core, continuous or interrupted, of single, double, or multiple columns....
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medullary cystic disease (pathology)
Polycystic disease is a congenital defect in which one or both of the kidneys have numerous large cysts. In medullary cystic diseases, also thought to be congenital in origin, cysts form in the small collecting tubules that transport urine from the nephrons, the urine-producing units of the kidney. The disease generally does not have warning symptoms, but affected persons become anemic and have......
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medullary pyramid (anatomy)
...the internal capsule and is a major constituent of the crus cerebri in the midbrain. As the fibres emerge from the pons, they form compact bundles on the ventral surface of the medulla, known as the medullary pyramids. In the lower medulla about 90 percent of the fibres of the corticospinal tract decussate and descend in the dorsolateral funiculus of the spinal cord. Of the fibres that do not.....
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medullary reticulospinal tract (anatomy)
...VII and VIII. Fibres of this tract exert facilitating influences upon voluntary movements, muscle tone, and a variety of spinal reflexes. The medullary reticulospinal tract, originating from reticular neurons on both sides of the median raphe, descends in the ventral part of the lateral funiculus and terminates at all spinal levels upon......
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medullary thyroid carcinoma (pathology)
Hypercalcitoninemia is a characteristic feature of medullary thyroid carcinomas, which are tumours of the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid gland. These tumours occur both sporadically and predictably, affecting multiple members of families who carry gene mutations. In some families, medullary thyroid carcinomas are the only tumours that appear, whereas in other families, medullary......
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Medum (ancient site, Egypt)
ancient Egyptian site near Memphis on the west bank of the Nile River in Banī Suwayf muḥāfaẓah (governorate). It is the location of the earliest-known pyramid complex with all the parts of a normal Old Kingdom (c. ...
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medusa (body type)
in zoology, one of two principal body types occurring in members of the invertebrate animal phylum Cnidaria. It is the typical form of the jellyfish. The medusoid body is bell- or umbrella-shaped. Hanging downward from the centre is a stalklike structure, the manubrium, bearing the mouth at its tip. The mouth opens into the main body c...
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Medusa (Greek mythology)
in Greek mythology, the most famous of the monster figures known as Gorgons. She was usually represented as a winged female creature having a head of hair consisting of snakes; unlike the Gorgons, she was sometimes represented as very beautiful. Medusa was the only Gorgon who was mortal; hence her slayer, ...
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Medusa Frequency, The (novel by Hoban)
...novel, is set in the future in an England devastated by nuclear war. Events are narrated in a futuristic form of English. Hoban’s later writings include the novels Pilgermann (1983); The Medusa Frequency (1987), the story of an author who deals with his writer’s block by electrifying his brain, which produces a series of imagined interlocutors, including the disembod...
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medusafish
...outgrowth in the gullet directly behind the last gill arch. 1 family, the Amarsipidae, lacks the toothed saccular outgrowth in the gullet.Families Stromateidae, Centrolophidae, Nomeidae, Ariommidae, Amarsipidae, and Tetragonuridae Eocene to present; slender to ovate, deep-bodied fishes; dorsal fin continuous or spinous portion s...
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Medusagyne oppositifolia (plant)
Medusagynaceae includes only Medusagyne oppositifolia, a rare species growing in the Seychelles. It is an evergreen with distinctive fibrous bark like that of Juniperus. The leaves are opposite, toothed, and with strongly reticulate venation. The flowers have many stamens, and the styles are on the edges of the ovary, not central. The valves of the fruit pull away from a central......
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Medved, Aleksandr Vasilyevich (Russian athlete)
Russian wrestler who is considered one of the greatest freestyle wrestlers of all time. He won gold medals in three consecutive Olympics (1964–72), a feat never matched by any other wrestler....
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Medvedev, Dmitry (president of Russia)
Russian lawyer and politician who became president of Russia in 2008....
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Medvedev, Dmitry Anatolyevich (president of Russia)
Russian lawyer and politician who became president of Russia in 2008....
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Medvedev, Roy Aleksandrovich (Soviet historian and dissident)
Soviet historian and dissident who was one of his country’s foremost historiographers in the later 20th century....
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Medvedev, S. P. (Soviet official)
The Workers’ Opposition, composed largely of trade unionists and led by A.G. Shlyapnikov, S.P. Medvedev, and later Aleksandra Kollontay, not only objected to the subordination of the trade unions but also insisted that the unions, as the institutions most directly representing the proletariat, should control the ......
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Medvedev, Zhores Aleksandrovich (Soviet biologist and dissident)
Soviet biologist who became an important dissident historian in the second half of the 20th century....
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Medwall, Henry (English author)
author remembered for his Fulgens and Lucrece, the first known secular play in English....
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Medway (unitary authority, England, United Kingdom)
unitary authority, geographic and historic county of Kent, southeastern England. The unitary authority is named for, and lies around the mouth of, the River Medway where it flows into the estuary of the Thames. It comprises the ports of Chatham and Gillingham and the tow...
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Medway (river, United Kingdom)
...De Witt to strengthen the Dutch navy. In the Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–67), his greatest victories were in the Four Days’ Battle (June 1666) and in the raid on the Medway (June 1667), in which much of the English fleet was destroyed; the latter victory accelerated the Anglo-Dutch peace negotiations that had begun at Breda in April 1667. De Ruyter’s b...
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Medway of Hemsted Park, Baron (British politician)
English Conservative politician who was a strong proponent of British intervention in the Russo-Turkish conflict of 1877–78....
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Medwick, Joseph Michael (American baseball player)
English Conservative politician who was a strong proponent of British intervention in the Russo-Turkish conflict of 1877–78.......
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Mee, Arthur (English writer and editor)
...Encyclopaedia for Children”), did not appear until 1957. The first of the modern children’s encyclopaedias was, however, a long-standing favourite. Prepared by the English writer and editor Arthur Mee, it was called The Children’s Encyclopaedia (1910) in Great Britain and The Book of Knowledge (1912) in the ...
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Mee, Bertram (British association football manager)
British association football (soccer) physiotherapist and manager (b. Dec. 25, 1918, Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, Eng.—d. Oct. 21, 2001, London, Eng.), guided Arsenal to both the League championship and the Football Association (FA) Cup in 1970–71, a feat that had been accomplished only once before (by Tottenham Hotspur in 1960–61); that feat earned him the FA award as Manager of...
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Meech, Karen J. (American astronomer)
...2060. It is about 200 km (125 miles) in diameter and travels in an unstable, eccentric orbit between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus with a period of about 50.7 years. In 1989 two other Americans, Karen J. Meech and Michael Belton, detected a fuzzy luminous cloud around Chiron. Such a cloud, termed a coma and being a distinguishing feature of comets, consists of dust and entraining gases......
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Meech Lake Accord (Canada [1987])
...Bouchard, a Progressive Conservative minister and Canada’s former ambassador to France, organized the Bloc Québécois to contest federal elections in 1990, soon after the defeat of the Meech Lake Accord, which would have formally recognized Quebec as a distinct society and would have given it veto power over most constitutional changes. Although the party did not run candida...
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Meegeren, Han van (Dutch painter)
Dutch painter, best known for his successful and complex scheme of forging and selling paintings attributed to Dutch masters....
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Meegeren, Henricus Antonius van (Dutch painter)
Dutch painter, best known for his successful and complex scheme of forging and selling paintings attributed to Dutch masters....
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Meehan, Daniel Joseph Anthony (British musician)
British drummer and music producer (b. March 2, 1943, London, Eng.—d. Nov. 28, 2005, London), was a founding member of the seminal late 1950s and early ’60s instrumental rock group the Shadows, who were best known for their transatlantic hit single “Apache” (1960) and as the backing band for pop idol Cliff Richard, with whom they appeared in the film The Young Ones...
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