-
Hopkins, Pauline (American writer and editor)
African-American novelist, playwright, journalist, and editor. She was a pioneer in her use of traditional romance novels as a medium for exploring racial and social themes. Her work reflects the influence of W.E.B. Du Bois....
-
Hopkins, Pauline Elizabeth (American writer and editor)
African-American novelist, playwright, journalist, and editor. She was a pioneer in her use of traditional romance novels as a medium for exploring racial and social themes. Her work reflects the influence of W.E.B. Du Bois....
-
Hopkins, Philip Anthony (British actor)
Welsh stage and film actor of burning intensity, often seen at his best when playing pathetic misfits or characters on the fringes of insanity....
-
Hopkins, Priscilla (British actress)
noted English actress and wife of the actor and theatrical manager John Philip Kemble....
-
Hopkins, Samuel (American theologian)
American theologian and writer who was one of the first Congregationalists to oppose slavery....
-
Hopkins, Sheila Christine (British aviator)
British aviator who broke more than 100 light-aircraft records between 1965 and 1972 and was the first British pilot to fly solo around the world....
-
Hopkins, Sir Anthony (British actor)
Welsh stage and film actor of burning intensity, often seen at his best when playing pathetic misfits or characters on the fringes of insanity....
-
Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland (British biochemist)
British biochemist, who received (with Christiaan Eijkman) the 1929 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovery of essential nutrient factors—now known as vitamins—needed in ...
-
Hopkins, Stephen (governor of Rhode Island)
...Friends, urged on by John Woolman and others, voluntarily emancipated all their own slaves between 1758 and 1800. Meetings, though slow to adopt this concern, pursued it thoroughly; in Rhode Island Stephen Hopkins, who was governor nine times, was disowned because he would not free his one slave....
-
Hopkinsianism (religion)
...Newport, R.I.,), and Jonathan Edwards, Jr., developed some of his “improvements” into a distinct theological school; it was first called “Hopkinsianism” and later the “New England Theology.” These men and their successors, in their effort to defend Calvinism against Arminians, Unitarians (those who denied the doctrine of the Trinity), and......
-
Hopkinson, Francis (American lawyer, musician, and patriot)
American lawyer, musician, author, member of the Continental Congress, and signer of the Declaration of Independence....
-
Hopkinson, Henry Thomas (British editor)
British editor and a leader in the development of photojournalism....
-
Hopkinson, John (British physicist)
British engineer and physicist who invented the three-wire system for electricity distribution and improved the design and efficiency of electric generators. In 1872 he became engineering manager of Chance Brothers and Company, a glass manufacturer in Birmingham, where he studied the problems of lighthouse...
-
Hopkinson, Sir Thomas (British editor)
British editor and a leader in the development of photojournalism....
-
Hopkinsville (Kentucky, United States)
city, seat of Christian county, southwestern Kentucky, U.S. It originated as Christian Court House, was renamed Elizabeth, which became the county seat in 1797, and was renamed in 1804 to honour Samuel Hopkins, soldier of the American Revolution...
-
Hopkinsville (Missouri, United States)
city, seat of Adair county, northeastern Missouri, U.S., about 90 miles (145 km) north of Columbia, near the Chariton River. Founded about 1841 as the county seat, it was known as Long Point and Hopkinsville before being renamed for Jesse Kirk, an early resident. A minor American Civil War battle was fought (1862) nearby. Kir...
-
Hopkinton (Massachusetts, United States)
city, seat of Adair county, northeastern Missouri, U.S., about 90 miles (145 km) north of Columbia, near the Chariton River. Founded about 1841 as the county seat, it was known as Long Point and Hopkinsville before being renamed for Jesse Kirk, an early resident. A minor American Civil War battle was fought (1862) nearby. Kir...
-
Hoplichthyidae (fish)
...(660 to 1,650 feet) in the tropical areas of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans. 4 genera with 36 species.Family Hoplichthyidae (ghost flatheads or spiny flatheads) Small fishes with very depressed bodies. Scaleless; body with bony plates. Head with heavy spiny ridges. Vertebrae 26. Size to ...
-
hoplite (ancient Greek soldier)
ancient Greek heavily armed foot soldier whose function was to fight in close formation. Until his appearance, probably in the late 8th century bc, individual combat predominated in warfare. New and heavier armour now gave the foot soldier stronger protection: he wore a metal helmet, breastplate, and greaves; on his left forearm...
-
Hoplocarida (crustacean)
...to present; bivalved carapace encloses 8 pairs of leaflike limbs; movable rostrum; telson with caudal rami; marine; about 10 species.Subclass HoplocaridaCarboniferous to present.Order Stomatopoda (mantis shrimps)Jurassic to presen...
-
hoplomachus (gladiator class)
...(“two-knife men”) of the later empire, who carried a short sword in each hand; the essedarii (“chariot men”), who fought from chariots like the ancient Britons; the hoplomachi (“fighters in armour”), who wore a complete suit of armour; and the laquearii (“lasso men”), who tried to lasso their antagonists....
-
hoplon (shield)
...shield; similarly, the longer the reach of the soldier’s weapon, the smaller his shield. The Greek hoplite, a heavy infantryman who fought in closely packed formation, acquired his name from the hoplon, a convex, circular shield, approximately three feet (90 centimetres) in diameter, made of composite wood and bronze. It was carried on the left arm by means of a bronze strap that ...
-
Hoplophoneus (extinct mammal)
...through the Pleistocene epochs (33.9 million to 11,700 years ago). The Nimravidae lived until about 7 million years ago. Only distantly related to felids, they include the genera Hoplophoneus, Nimravus, Dinictis, and Barbourofelis. The Machairodontinae, extant from about 12 million to less than 10,000 years ago, include the more familiar......
-
Hoplostraca (crustacean)
...Cambrian to present.†Order ArchaeostracaDevonian to Triassic.†Order HoplostracaCarboniferous.Order LeptostracaPermian to present; bivalved carapace encloses 8 pairs of leaflike......
-
Hoppe, William Frederick (American billiards player)
U.S. master of carom (balkline and three-cushion) billiards, was one of the most durable of all sports champions, winning 51 world titles between 1906 and 1952....
-
Hoppe, Willie (American billiards player)
U.S. master of carom (balkline and three-cushion) billiards, was one of the most durable of all sports champions, winning 51 world titles between 1906 and 1952....
-
Hoppe-Seyler, Ernst Felix Immanuel (German physician)
German physician, known for his work toward establishing physiological chemistry (biochemistry) as an academic discipline. He was the first to obtain lecithin in a pure form and introduced the word proteid (now protein). Additional contributions included metabolic studies and researches on chlorophyll and on blood, especially...
-
hopper (freight car)
Open-top cars may be either gondola or hopper cars. Hoppers are used to haul bulk freight such as coal, gravel, and grain; they have either several discharge hatches or a collapsible bottom for rapid unloading. Gondola cars have fixed bottoms and must be unloaded from above with the help of a crane; they are used to transport manufactured......
-
Hopper, Abigail (American social reformer)
American social reformer, remembered especially for her activism in the cause of prison reform....
-
hopper car (freight car)
Open-top cars may be either gondola or hopper cars. Hoppers are used to haul bulk freight such as coal, gravel, and grain; they have either several discharge hatches or a collapsible bottom for rapid unloading. Gondola cars have fixed bottoms and must be unloaded from above with the help of a crane; they are used to transport manufactured......
-
Hopper, Dennis (American actor)
...(1967), Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), Peckinpah’s The Wild Bunch (1969), Wexler’s Medium Cool (1969), and Dennis Hopper’s Easy Rider (1969) attracted the youth market to theatres in record numbers. (Altman’s M*A*S*H [19...
-
Hopper, DeWolf (American actor)
...Ernest L. Thayer’s poem, first published in the San Francisco Examiner on June 3, 1888, gained its initial popularity through the stage performances of comic actor DeWolf Hopper, who recited the poem more than 10,000 times in hundreds of American cities and towns. Casey at the Bat became baseball’s most popular piece of litera...
-
Hopper, Edward (American artist)
American painter whose realistic depictions of everyday urban scenes shock the viewer into recognition of the strangeness of familiar surroundings. He strongly influenced the Pop art and New Realist painters of the 1960s and 1970s....
-
Hopper, Grace Murray (United States naval officer and mathematician)
American mathematician and rear admiral in the U.S. Navy who was a pioneer in developing computer technology, helping to devise UNIVAC I, the first commercial electronic computer, and naval applications for COBOL (common-business-oriented language)....
-
hopping (form of locomotion)
The locomotor pattern of saltation (hopping) is confined mainly to kangaroos, anurans (tailless amphibians), rabbits, and some groups of rodents in the vertebrates and to a number of insect families in the arthropods. All saltatory animals have hind legs that are approximately twice as long as the anteriormost legs. Although all segments of the hind leg are elongated, two of them—the......
-
hopping process (physics)
...current is produced by the motion of charges. In crystals, electrical current is due to the motion of both ions and electrons. Ions move by hopping occasionally from site to site; all solids can conduct electricity in this manner. When the voltage is zero, there is no net current because the ions hop randomly in all directions. The......
-
Hoppner, John (British painter)
painter of the English portrait school during the late 18th and early 19th centuries who emulated the earlier style of Sir Joshua Reynolds....
-
hops (plant)
either of two species of the genus Humulus, nonwoody annual or perennial vines in the hemp family (Cannabinaceae) native to temperate North America, Eurasia, and South Amer...
-
Hopscotch (novel by Cortázar)
...innovative fiction writers of Latin America. He prepared the way for experimental works of the later 20th century, such as the antinovel Rayuela (1963; Hopscotch) by the Argentine novelist Julio Cortázar. Adolfo Bioy Casares, a colleague of Borges, is particularly well known for his......
-
hopscotch (game)
age-old children’s game based on an idea of not treading on lines. Variations of the game are played in many countries. The game’s English name expresses its object: to hop over the “scotch,” a line, or scratch, drawn on the ground. Lines are drawn in a variety of patterns. Spaces in the diagrams are numbered, and they must be traversed in order....
-
Hopton of Stratton, Ralph Hopton, Baron (English commander)
Royalist commander in the first phase of the English Civil Wars between King Charles I and Parliament. One of the most talented of the king’s generals, he secured southwestern England for the Royalist cause....
-
Hopwood v. University of Texas Law School (law case)
...states and was passed in Washington in 1998. The Supreme Court also upheld a lower-court ruling that struck down as unconstitutional the University of Texas’s affirmative action program, arguing in Hopwood v. University of Texas Law School (1996) that there was no compelling state interest to warrant using race as a factor in admissions decisions. Afterward there were furth...
-
Hopwood’s Ferry (Victoria, Australia)
city, northern Victoria, Australia. The name Echuca is derived from an Aboriginal term meaning “meeting of the waters,” from the city’s location at the junction of the Murray and Campaspe rivers. Founded in 1847 as a ferrying point, it developed as one of Victoria’s largest inland river ports in the 1850s, handling wool, wheat, and timber. Echuca beca...
-
Hoquarton (Oregon, United States)
city, seat (1873) of Tillamook county, northwestern Oregon, U.S., on the Trask River, at the head of Tillamook Bay, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. Founded in 1851, the settlement was known successively as Lincoln and Hoquarton before being named in 1885 for the local Tillamook Indians. The city serves an a...
-
hoquet (music)
in medieval polyphonic (multipart) music, the device of alternating between parts, single notes, or groups of notes. The result is a more or less continuous flow with one voice resting while the other voice sounds....
-
hoquetus (music)
in medieval polyphonic (multipart) music, the device of alternating between parts, single notes, or groups of notes. The result is a more or less continuous flow with one voice resting while the other voice sounds....
-
Hoquiam (Washington, United States)
city, Grays Harbor county, western Washington, U.S., on Grays Harbor at the mouth of the Hoquiam River, a deepwater port 12 miles (19 km) from the Pacific Ocean and adjacent to Aberdeen, immediately to its east. The earliest permanent white settlement in the Grays Harbor region, it was e...
-
Hor (Egyptian god)
in ancient Egyptian religion, god in the form of a falcon whose eyes were the sun and the moon. Falcon cults were widespread in Egypt. At Nekhen (Greek: Hierakonpolis), however, the conception arose that the reigning king was a manifestation of Horus, and, after Egypt had been united by the kings from Nekhen, this conception became a general...
-
Hor (German mythology)
...favourite of the gods. Most legends about him concern his death. Icelandic stories tell how the gods amused themselves by throwing objects at him, knowing that he was immune from harm. The blind god Höd, deceived by the evil Loki, killed Balder by hurling mistletoe, the only thing that could hurt him. After Balder’s funeral, the giantess Thökk, probably Loki in disguise, re...
-
hora (dance)
folk dance of Romania and Israel, performed in a linked circle. The most popular Romanian hora, the Hora Mare, or Great Hora, is danced both on special occasions such as weddings and for relaxation. It is a metaphor for the community: the circle opens to admit nubile women, adolescent boys entering manhood, and those ending...
-
Hora (Greek mythology)
in Greco-Roman mythology, any one of the personifications of the seasons and goddesses of natural order; in the Iliad they were the custodians of the gates of Olympus. According to Hesiod, the Horae were the children of Zeus, the king of the gods, and Themis, a Titaness, and their names (Eunomia, Dike, Eirene—i.e., Good Order, Justice, Peace) indicate the extension of their fu...
-
“hora 0, La” (work by Cardenal)
...violence of the Somoza regime in Nicaragua, while others are love poems written with a fine sense of irony. La hora 0 (1960; Zero Hour and Other Documentary Poems), a long documentary poem denouncing the effects of domestic tyranny and American imperialism in Central American history, is a masterpiece of protest......
-
“hora de España, Una” (work by Azorín)
...La ruta de Don Quijote (1905; “The Route of Don Quixote”) and Una hora de España 1560–1590 (1924; An Hour of Spain, 1560–1590) carefully and subtly reconstruct the spirit of Spanish life, directing the reader’s sensibility by the suggestive power of their prose. Azorín...
-
Horace (drama by Corneille)
...nothing for three years (though this time was also taken up with a lawsuit to prevent the creation of a legal office in Rouen on a par with his own). In 1640, however, appeared the Roman tragedy Horace; another, Cinna, appeared in 1641. In 1641 also Corneille married Marie de Lampérière, the daughter of a local magistrate, who was to bear him seven children to whom.....
-
Horace (Roman poet)
outstanding Latin lyric poet and satirist under the emperor Augustus. The most frequent themes of his Odes and verse Epistles are love, friendship, philosophy, and the art of poetry....
-
Horace Mann School (school, New York City, New York, United States)
private elementary and secondary school in New York, New York, U.S. It was founded in 1887 as a coeducational experimental school by the Teachers College of Columbia University to test progressive educational theories under the observation of Teachers College students. It acquired its name (for the 19th-ce...
-
Horace Mann School for the Deaf (school, Boston, Massachusetts, United States)
...American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf, of which she was a director from 1896. In 1910 Fuller retired as principal of her school, which had been known since 1877 as the Horace Mann School for the Deaf....
-
Horaces, Les (dance pantomime)
...(now Opéra) in Atys and later succeeded Marie Subligny as premiere danseuse. Her performance with Jean Balon in 1708 in Les Horaces, an early dance pantomime based on Pierre Corneille’s play Horace, is said to have moved the audience to tears. After retiring from the Opéra in 1730, she was replaced.....
-
Horae (Greek mythology)
in Greco-Roman mythology, any one of the personifications of the seasons and goddesses of natural order; in the Iliad they were the custodians of the gates of Olympus. According to Hesiod, the Horae were the children of Zeus, the king of the gods, and Themis, a Titaness, and their names (Eunomia, Dike, Eirene—i.e., Good Order, Justice, Peace) indicate the extension of their fu...
-
Horae Homileticae (work by Simeon)
...Church Missionary Society (1797) and assisted the newly founded (1804) British and Foreign Bible Society. In his Horae Homileticae, 17 vol. (1819–28; “Homiletic Offices”), he annotated the entire Bible for sermon material. In order to ensure the continuity of Evangelical teaching, he......
-
Horae Syriacae (work by Wiseman)
Wiseman was widely respected for his intellect, humanitarianism, and constructive achievements. His celebrated Horae Syriacae (1827; “Syriac Seasons”) contained important original research on the Syriac version of the Old Testament, and his historical......
-
Horae, The (German publication)
...and dramatist Friedrich Schiller, who was then living in Jena, suggested that he and Goethe should collaborate on a new journal, Die Horen (The Horae), intended to give literature a voice in an age increasingly dominated by politics....
-
Horáková, Milada (Czech politician)
In a series of purges beginning in 1950, noncommunists were charged with various antistate activities. In June Milada Horáková, a former member of the National Assembly, and other politicians from the right and the left were tried for espionage. She and several others were sentenced to death. Gottwald also was put under pressure to uncover ideological opponents in the Czechoslovak......
-
Horanyi, M. (Hungarian astronomer)
...detailed models of the formation and disruption of such mantles due to solar-radiation processing of the upper layers had been studied by Devamitta Asoka Mendis of the United States (1979) and M. Horanyi of Hungary (1984)....
-
Horapollon (Greco-Egyptian scholar)
...from the viewpoint of his esoteric philosophy. Only one of the numerous works on the hieroglyphic script written in late antiquity has been preserved: the Hieroglyphica of Horapollon, a Greek Egyptian who probably lived in the 5th century ce. Horapollon made use of a good source, but he himself certainly could not read hieroglyphic writing and began with t...
-
Horatian ode (poetic form)
short lyric poem written in stanzas of two or four lines in the manner of the 1st-century-bc Latin poet Horace. In contrast to the lofty, heroic odes of the Greek poet Pindar (compare epinicion), most of Horace’s odes are intimate and reflective; they are often addressed to a friend and deal with friendship, love, and the practice o...
-
Horatian satire (literature)
By their practice, the great Roman poets Horace and Juvenal set indelibly the lineaments of the genre known as the formal verse satire and, in so doing, exerted pervasive, if often indirect, influence on all subsequent literary satire. They gave laws to the form they established, but it must be said that the laws were very loose indeed.......
-
Horatii and Curiatii (Roman legend)
in Roman legend, two sets of triplet brothers whose story was probably fashioned to explain existing legal or ritual practices. The Horatii were Roman and the Curiatii Alban, although the Roman historian Livy wrote that some earlier accounts had reversed this order. During the war between Rome and Alba Longa in the reign of ...
-
Horatio (fictional character)
Hamlet’s dearest friend, Horatio, agrees with him that Claudius has unambiguously confirmed his guilt. Driven by a guilty conscience, Claudius attempts to ascertain the cause of Hamlet’s odd behaviour by hiring Hamlet’s onetime friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to spy on him. Hamlet quickly sees through the scheme and begins to act the part of a madman in front of......
-
Horatius Cocles (Roman legendary hero)
Roman hero traditionally of the late 6th century bc but perhaps legendary, who first with two companions and finally alone defended the Sublician bridge (in Rome) against Lars Porsena and the entire Etruscan army, thereby giving the Romans time to cut down the bridge. He then threw himself into the Tiber to swim to the other shore. Versions differ as to whether he reached safety or w...
-
H̱orbat ʿAdullam (ancient city, Israel)
ancient city and modern development region, in the upper part of Ha-Shefela, central Israel. The mound of Tel ʿAdullam, or H̱orbat (“Ruins of”) ʿAdullam (Arabic: Tall Ash-Shaykh Madhkūr), 22.5 miles (36 km) southwest of Jerusalem, is generally accepted as the site of the ancient city. The earliest reference to ʿAdullam is in the book of Genesis, wh...
-
H̱orbat Qesari (ancient city, Israel)
(“Ruins of Caesarea”), ancient port and administrative city of Palestine, on the Mediterranean coast of present-day Israel south of Haifa. It is often referred to as Caesarea Palaestinae, or Caesarea Maritima, to distinguish it from Caesarea Philippi near the headwaters of the ...
-
Horch (German car)
...the Hispano-Suiza of Spain and France; the Bugatti, Delage, Delahaye, Hotchkiss, Talbot (Darracq), and Voisin of France; the Duesenberg, Cadillac, Packard, and Pierce-Arrow of the United States; the Horch, Maybach, and Mercedes-Benz of Germany; the Belgian Minerva; and the Italian Isotta-Fraschini. These were costly machines, priced roughly from $7,500 to $40,000, fast (145 to 210 km,......
-
Horchhaimer, Nicholas (German pewterer)
Pewter with etched relief decoration was made by Nürnberg pewterers from the last third of the 16th century onward. The earliest piece made by Nicholas Horchhaimer, bearing the date 1567, is a dish cast in an etched mold with an allegorical figure representing Fame, or Fama, in the centre and historical scenes or incidents from classical mythology around the edge. Other large dishes....
-
Horcynus Orca (work by D’Arrigo)
...Day of Judgement)—was not revealed until after his death. Meanwhile, Stefano D’Arrigo was being supported by publisher Arnoldo Mondadori to compose his ambitious modern epic, Horcynus Orca (1975), 20 years in the making, which narrates the 1943 homecoming through the Strait of Messina (site of the myt...
-
hordeolum (eye disease)
acute, painful, modular infection of one or more glands of the eyelid. Two types are distinguished, the external and the internal sty....
-
Hordern, Sir Michael Murray (British actor)
British actor (b. Oct. 3, 1911, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England--d. May 2, 1995, Oxford, England), as a stage, screen, and television actor for more than 60 years, used his distinctive voice, careworn features, and wry humour in a remarkable variety of character roles--ranging from Mr. Toad to King Lear. He was particularly adept at deadpan comedy, notably as the dithering philosopher George M...
-
Hordeum distichum (plant)
...type having its spike notched on opposite sides, with three spikelets at each notch, each containing a small individual flower, or floret, that develops a kernel (see photograph); Hordeum distichum, a two-rowed type having central florets producing kernels and lateral florets that are normally sterile; and Hordeum......
-
Hordeum irregulare (plant)
...type having central florets producing kernels and lateral florets that are normally sterile; and Hordeum irregulare, sometimes called Abyssinian intermediate, the least cultivated, with fertile central florets and varying proportions of fertile and sterile lateral florets....
-
Hordeum vulgare (plant)
...Poaceae (Gramineae) and its edible grain. Hordeum comprises four sections, and all cultivated barleys belong to the section Cerealia. The three species within this section include Hordeum vulgare, a six-rowed type having its spike notched on opposite sides, with three spikelets at each notch, each containing a small individual flower, or floret, that develops a kernel......
-
Hordubal (work by Capek)
The problem of identity and the mystery of people’s underlying motivations are the theme of Čapek’s most mature work, a trilogy of novels that together present three aspects of knowledge. Hordubal (1933) contrasts an inarticulate man’s awareness of the causes of his actions with the world’s incomprehension; Povětroň (1934; Meteor...
-
Hore-Belisha of Devonport, Isaac Leslie Hore-Belisha, Baron (British statesman)
British secretary of state for war (1937–40) who instituted military conscription in the spring of 1939, a few months before the outbreak of World War II....
-
Horeb, Mount (mountain, Egypt)
granitic peak of the south-central Sinai Peninsula, Janūb Sīnāʾ (South Sinai) muḥāfaẓah (governorate), Egypt. Mount Sinai is renowned as the principal site of divine revelation in Jewish history, where God is purported to have appeared to Mos...
-
Horeb, Versuche über Jissroéls Pflichten in der Zerstreuung (work by Hirsch)
...Jewish religious community (which Hirsch considered unfaithful to the Torah) and to establish separate congregations. Among his many works are Horeb, Versuche über Jissroéls Pflichten in der Zerstreuung (1837; “Essays on the Duties of the Jewish People in the Diaspora”), an Orthodox textbook on Judaism, and......
-
Horeburg (Germany)
Having absorbed Altona, Harburg, and Wandsbek in 1937, Hamburg has become Germany’s major industrial city. All processing and manufacturing industries are represented there. Hamburg treats most of the country’s copper supplies, and the Norddeutsche Affinerie, on Veddel, is Europe’s second largest copperworks. The chemical,...
-
horehound (herb)
(Marrubium vulgare), bitter perennial herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae) whose leaves and flowering tops are used as flavouring for beverages and candies and as a traditional medicine. Infusions or extracts of horehound in th...
-
Horemheb (king of Egypt)
last king (reigned 1319–1292 bce) of the 18th dynasty of ancient Egypt; he continued the restoration of the traditional Amon religion that a previous ruler, Akhenaton, had replaced with the worship of the god Aton....
-
“Horen, Die” (German publication)
...and dramatist Friedrich Schiller, who was then living in Jena, suggested that he and Goethe should collaborate on a new journal, Die Horen (The Horae), intended to give literature a voice in an age increasingly dominated by politics....
-
Horenbout, Gerard (Flemish artist)
...by ecclesiastical and secular princes in many parts of Europe. The masterpiece of the group is the Grimani Breviary (c. 1515; Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Venice). Illuminated chiefly by Gerard Horenbout and Simon Bening, the calendar of the Breviary is an updating of the calendar from the Très riches heures du duc de Berry (Condé Museum, Chantilly, Fr.), which......
-
Horenbout, Lukas (Flemish painter)
...Flemish but French, and are all believed to have been painted by Jean Clouet at the court of Francis I. Under the patronage of King Henry VIII, Lukas Horenbout painted the first portrait miniatures recorded in England. He taught the technique to Hans Holbein the Younger, who was able to put into this small-scale work all the intensity of......
-
Ḥorev (work by Berdichevsky)
...that there had been no unified spiritual philosophy in Judaism’s past (thus justifying his own departure from tradition). His essays titled Ḥorev (1910 or 1911; a biblical name for Mount Sinai) interpret sympathetically some of the beautiful and humane ideas to be f...
-
Horgan, Paul (American author)
versatile American author noted especially for histories and historical fiction about the southwestern United States....
-
Horgan, Paul George Vincent O’Shaughnessy (American author)
versatile American author noted especially for histories and historical fiction about the southwestern United States....
-
Horiguchi Daigaku (Japanese poet)
...Hagiwara Sakutarō, generally considered the finest Japanese poet of the 20th century, brilliantly exploited the musical and expressive possibilities of the modern tongue. Other poets, such as Horiguchi Daigaku, devoted themselves to translations of European poetry, achieving results so compelling in Japanese that these translations are considered to form an important part of the modern.....
-
Horiguchi Sutemi (Japanese architect)
one of the first Japanese architects to introduce modern European architectural forms to Japan....
-
horismos (Byzantine document)
...in red ink of the menologema, a statement of month and indiction. It, too, was sealed with a golden bull. The administrative documents of the Byzantine imperial chancery include the prostagma, or horismos, a plain and short document known since the beginning of the 13th century. If directed to a single person, the document starts out with a short address, but, in all......
-
Horite (people)
one of a people important in the history and culture of the Middle East during the 2nd millennium bc. The earliest recorded presence of Hurrian personal and place names is in Mesopotamian records of the late 3rd millennium; these point to the area east of the Tigris ...
-
Horizon (British periodical)
From the 1940s Spender was better known for his perceptive criticism and his editorial association with the influential reviews Horizon (1940–41) and Encounter (1953–67) than he was as a poet. Spender’s prose works include short stories (The Burning Cactus, 1936), a novel (...
-
horizon (soil)
a distinct layer of soil, approximately parallel with the land surface, whose properties develop from the combined actions of living organisms and percolating water. Because these actions can vary in their effects with increasing depth, it is often the case that more than one horizon exists beneath the surface of any soil area, at depths ranging from only a few centimetres to several metres. One o...
-
horizon (archaeology)
Once ceramics had been adopted in Meso-America, techniques of manufacture and styles of shape and decoration tended to spread rapidly and widely across many cultural frontiers. These rapid diffusions, called horizons, enable archaeologists to link different cultures on the same time level. Good horizon markers for the Early Formative are colour zones of red pigment set off by incised lines;......
We welcome your comments. Any revisions or updates suggested for this article will be reviewed by our editorial staff.
Contact us here.