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Crémazie, Claude-Joseph-Olivier (French-Canadian author)
poet considered the father of French Canadian poetry....
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Crémazie, Octave (French-Canadian author)
poet considered the father of French Canadian poetry....
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crème (food)
Fondant, the basis of most chocolate-covered and crystallized crèmes (which themselves are sometimes called “fondants”), is made by mechanically beating a solution supersaturated with sugar, so that minute sugar crystals are deposited throughout the remaining syrup phase. These form an opaque, white, smooth paste that can be melted, flavoured, and coloured. Syrup made from......
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crème anglais (food)
Boiled custard may omit the white of the egg. It is cooked slowly over hot water until it reaches the consistency of thick cream. Also called crème anglais, boiled custard may be used as a sauce with fruits and pastries or incorporated into desserts such as trifle or rice pudding. The richest ice creams are made with a custard base; the egg whites in this case are sometimes beaten......
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crème brûlée (food)
...which cause the dish to solidify to a gel. Flan, or crème caramel, is a custard baked in a dish coated with caramelized sugar that forms a sauce when the custard is unmolded. For crème brûlée, the baked custard is sprinkled with sugar that is caramelized under a broiler or with a hot iron called a salamander. The sugar forms a thin, crisp shell over......
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crème caramel (food)
...milk, sugar, and flavourings which attains its consistency by the coagulation of the egg protein by heat. Baked custard contains whole eggs, which cause the dish to solidify to a gel. Flan, or crème caramel, is a custard baked in a dish coated with caramelized sugar that forms a sauce when the custard is unmolded. For crème brûlée, the baked custard is....
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crème fraîche (food)
...aged 12–48 hours. The bacterial action thickens the cream into a semisolid and adds a tangy flavour. Sour half-and-half is a similar product made from 10.5 to 18 percent butterfat cream. Crème fraîche is a French product of nearly 40 percent butterfat that is reinoculated with naturally occurring ferments and lactic acid after pasteurization to initiate a......
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Cremer, Erika (Austrian chemist)
Still another chromatographic technique, gas chromatography, was first carried out in Austria in 1944 by the chemist Erika Cremer, who used a solid stationary phase. The first extensive exploitation of the method was made by Martin and James in 1952, when they reported the elution gas chromatography of organic acids and amines. In this work, small particles of support material were coated with......
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Cremer, Gerard de (Flemish cartographer)
Flemish cartographer whose most important innovation was a map, embodying what was later known as the Mercator projection, on which parallels and meridians are rendered as straight lines spaced so as to produce at any point an accurate ratio of latitude to longitude. He also introduced the term atlas for a collection of maps....
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Cremer, Sir Randal (British labour leader)
British trade unionist and pacifist who won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1903 for his advocacy of international arbitration....
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Cremer, Sir William Randal (British labour leader)
British trade unionist and pacifist who won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1903 for his advocacy of international arbitration....
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Crémieux, Adolphe (French politician)
French political figure and Jewish leader active in the Revolution of 1848 and the Paris Commune (1871)....
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Crémieux, Isaac-Adolphe (French politician)
French political figure and Jewish leader active in the Revolution of 1848 and the Paris Commune (1871)....
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Cremo, Lee (Canadian musician)
...feature piano or organ accompaniment. Native Americans began playing European fiddle music by the 1800s, and those repertories are considered traditional in the 21st century. The Mi’kmaq fiddler Lee Cremo is well known among the First Nations of Canada, while the Coushatta fiddler Deo Langley won a regional Cajun music contest in Louisiana during the 1980s. By the 1860s, O’odham f...
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Cremona (province, Italy)
...feature piano or organ accompaniment. Native Americans began playing European fiddle music by the 1800s, and those repertories are considered traditional in the 21st century. The Mi’kmaq fiddler Lee Cremo is well known among the First Nations of Canada, while the Coushatta fiddler Deo Langley won a regional Cajun music contest in Louisiana during the 1980s. By the 1860s, O’odham f...
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Cremona (Italy)
city, Lombardia (Lombardy) regione (region), northern Italy, on the north bank of the Po River southeast of Milan. It was founded by the Romans in 218 bc on the site of an earlier Gallic village of the Cenomani. Virgil, the Roman poet, went to school there. With the decline of the Roman Empire, Cremona was repeatedly sacked by the Goths and the...
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Cremona, Antonio Luigi Gaudenzio Giuseppe (Italian mathematician)
Italian mathematician who was an originator of graphical statics, the use of graphical methods to study forces in equilibrium....
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Cremona, Girolamo da (Italian artist)
Liberale’s name derives from his native city of Verona, where he trained as a miniaturist and panel painter. He was influenced initially by Andrea Mantegna and by the Mantegnesque miniaturist Girolamo da Cremona, with whom he worked (1467–69) illuminating choir books. In 1470–74 he illuminated the choir books of Siena Cathedral, now preserved in the Piccolomini Library. These ...
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Cremona, Luigi (Italian mathematician)
Italian mathematician who was an originator of graphical statics, the use of graphical methods to study forces in equilibrium....
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Cremona school (Italian music)
Andrea (c. 1520–c. 1578), the founder of the Cremona school of violin making, was perhaps originally influenced by the work of slightly earlier makers from Brescia. His earliest-known violins are dated about 1564. In essentials, they set the style for all the models made by later members of the family and, with the modifications introduced by Antonio Stradivari, for the......
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Cremonese school (painting)
Italian painter and architect who led the formation of the Cremonese school. His work, and that of his followers, was elegant and eclectic. Campi was a prolific painter, working in both oil and fresco; at its best his work was distinguished by the richness of its colour....
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crenel (architecture)
the parapet of a wall consisting of alternating low portions known as crenels, or crenelles (hence crenellated walls with battlements), and high portions called merlons. Battlements were devised in order that warriors might be protected by the merlons and yet be able to discharge arrows or other missiles through the crenels. The battlement was an early development in military architecture; it......
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crenelle (architecture)
the parapet of a wall consisting of alternating low portions known as crenels, or crenelles (hence crenellated walls with battlements), and high portions called merlons. Battlements were devised in order that warriors might be protected by the merlons and yet be able to discharge arrows or other missiles through the crenels. The battlement was an early development in military architecture; it......
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Crenna, Richard Donald (American actor)
American actor (b. Nov. 30, 1926, Los Angeles, Calif.—d. Jan. 17, 2003, Los Angeles), became known in the 1940s as such squeaky-voiced radio characters as Oogie Pringle on Date with Judy and Walter Denton in Our Miss Brooks and continued to play the latter role when that series moved to television in the 1950s. He went on to star in another TV series, The Real McCoys, a...
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Crenobia (flatworm genus)
...flatworms were the first invertebrates to exhibit bilateral symmetry and also the first to develop a central nervous system with a brain. The nervous system of a free-living flatworm such as Planaria (see the diagram) consists of a brain, longitudinal nerve cords, and peripheral nerve plexuses (interlacing networks of peripheral nerves; from Latin ......
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creodont (fossil mammal order)
order of extinct, primitive carnivores first found as fossils in early Tertiary deposits of Mongolia (the Tertiary Period lasted from 66.4 to 1.6 million years ago). The creodonts evolved from Late Cretaceous mammals (the Deltatheridia), became the early dominant carnivores, and reached the peak of their number and diversity during the Eocene Epoch (between 57.8 and 36.6 million years ago). The c...
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Creodonta (fossil mammal order)
order of extinct, primitive carnivores first found as fossils in early Tertiary deposits of Mongolia (the Tertiary Period lasted from 66.4 to 1.6 million years ago). The creodonts evolved from Late Cretaceous mammals (the Deltatheridia), became the early dominant carnivores, and reached the peak of their number and diversity during the Eocene Epoch (between 57.8 and 36.6 million years ago). The c...
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Créole (people)
originally, in the 16th–18th century, any white person born in Spanish America of Spanish parents, as distinguished from an American resident who had been born in Spain. The term has since been used with various meanings, often conflicting or varying from region to region....
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Creole (people)
originally, in the 16th–18th century, any white person born in Spanish America of Spanish parents, as distinguished from an American resident who had been born in Spain. The term has since been used with various meanings, often conflicting or varying from region to region....
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Creole cattle (livestock)
...Santiago del Estero, where irrigated cotton was successfully grown as early as the mid-16th century, and from Santa Fe, where cattle ranchers had purchased enormous acreages on which to raise tough criollo (Creole) cattle, which had survived from earlier expeditions. Ranchers defeated local Indians in 1885 and advanced to the northern frontier of the Argentine Chaco near the Bermejo River.......
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Creole cuisine
...Santiago del Estero, where irrigated cotton was successfully grown as early as the mid-16th century, and from Santa Fe, where cattle ranchers had purchased enormous acreages on which to raise tough criollo (Creole) cattle, which had survived from earlier expeditions. Ranchers defeated local Indians in 1885 and advanced to the northern frontier of the Argentine Chaco near the Bermejo River.........
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Creole Jazz Band (American music group)
Fame beckoned in 1922 when Oliver, then leading a band in Chicago, sent for Armstrong to play second cornet. Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band was the apex of the early, contrapuntal New Orleans ensemble style, and it included outstanding musicians such as the brothers Johnny and Baby Dodds and pianist Lil Hardin, who married Armstrong in 1924. The young Armstrong became popular through his ingenio...
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creole languages (linguistics)
vernacular languages that developed in colonial European plantation settlements in the 17th and 18th centuries as a result of contact between groups that spoke mutually unintelligible languages. Creole languages most often emerged in colonies located near the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean or the Indian Ocean. Exceptions include Brazil, where no creole emerged, and Cape Verde and the Netherlands Ant...
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Creon (Greek mythology)
...to reconcile their quarreling brothers—Eteocles, who was defending the city and his crown, and Polyneices, who was attacking Thebes. Both brothers, however, were killed, and their uncle Creon became king. After performing an elaborate funeral service for Eteocles, he forbade the removal of the corpse of Polyneices, condemning it to lie unburied, declaring him to have been a traitor.......
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creosote (chemistry)
either of two entirely different substances, coal-tar creosote and wood-tar creosote. In commerce, creosote is a coal-tar distillate, a complex mixture of organic compounds, largely hydrocarbons. It is commonly used as a wood preservative. The creosote distilled from wood tar is a mixture of phenolic compounds; it once was used extensively for pharmaceutical purposes. ...
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creosote bush (plant)
...during intervals of drier climate that have occurred in the past two million years. This migration is reflected in close floristic similarities currently observed in these places. For example, the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), although now widespread and common in North American hot deserts, was probably a natural immigrant from South America as recently as the end of the last Ice.....
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creosote bush order (plant order)
the creosote bush order of dicotyledonous flowering plants, consisting of 2 families (Zygophyllaceae and Krameriaceae), 27 genera, and about 300 species. Members are herbs or shrubs, rarely hemiparasites, and largely restricted to tropical or temperate arid or saline regions. The flowers are showy and possess oil or nectar glands for bee pollination. Typical flowers have five-parted perianths, 4 o...
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crêpe (cloth)
(“crisped,” “frizzled,” or “wrinkled”), any of a family of fabrics of various constructions and weights but all possessing a crinkled or granular surface achieved through weaving variations, chemical treatment, or embossing. The fabric is usually woven with crepe yarn, a hard-twist yarn produced either with a higher number of twists per inch than ordinary...
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crepe (pancake)
French pancake made of a thin batter containing flour, eggs, melted butter, salt, milk, water, and, if the crepes are to be served with a sweet sauce or garnish, sugar. Crepes can be filled with a variety of sweet or savoury mixtures. For crepes suzette the crepes are folded in four and soaked in a syrup flavoured with orange liqueur, and frequently are flamed at table....
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crepe (cloth)
(“crisped,” “frizzled,” or “wrinkled”), any of a family of fabrics of various constructions and weights but all possessing a crinkled or granular surface achieved through weaving variations, chemical treatment, or embossing. The fabric is usually woven with crepe yarn, a hard-twist yarn produced either with a higher number of twists per inch than ordinary...
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crêpe (pancake)
French pancake made of a thin batter containing flour, eggs, melted butter, salt, milk, water, and, if the crepes are to be served with a sweet sauce or garnish, sugar. Crepes can be filled with a variety of sweet or savoury mixtures. For crepes suzette the crepes are folded in four and soaked in a syrup flavoured with orange liqueur, and frequently are flamed at table....
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crepe de Chine (fabric)
(French: “crepe of China”), light and fine plainwoven dress fabric produced either with all-silk warp and weft or else with a silk warp and hard-spun worsted weft. A crepe de Chine texture has a slightly crepe character, a feature produced by the use of weft, or filling, yarns spun with the twist running in reverse directions and known as right-hand and left-hand twist, respectively...
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crêpe de Chine (fabric)
(French: “crepe of China”), light and fine plainwoven dress fabric produced either with all-silk warp and weft or else with a silk warp and hard-spun worsted weft. A crepe de Chine texture has a slightly crepe character, a feature produced by the use of weft, or filling, yarns spun with the twist running in reverse directions and known as right-hand and left-hand twist, respectively...
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Crepe ring (astronomy)
...in optical depth, with an average value of 0.1. The A ring extends from 2.02 to 2.27 Saturn radii and has optical depths of 0.4 to 1.0. Interior to the B ring lies the third major ring, the C ring (sometimes known as the crepe ring), at 1.23 to 1.52 Saturn radii, with optical depths near 0.1....
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crepe suzette (food)
French pancake made of a thin batter containing flour, eggs, melted butter, salt, milk, water, and, if the crepes are to be served with a sweet sauce or garnish, sugar. Crepes can be filled with a variety of sweet or savoury mixtures. For crepes suzette the crepes are folded in four and soaked in a syrup flavoured with orange liqueur, and frequently are flamed at table....
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Crepicephalus (trilobite genus)
genus of trilobites (extinct arthropods) useful as an index fossil for Upper Cambrian rocks in North America (dating 512 to 505 million years ago); it is a relatively common fossil and occurs over a wide geographic range but within a relatively narrow time span. Crepicephalus is recognized by the prominent spines at the lateral margins of the tail section. Smaller spines occur at the margi...
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Crepidula (gastropod)
(genus Crepidula), any marine snail belonging to the family Calyptraeidae (subclass Prosobranchia, class Gastropoda), in which the humped or flattened shell has a decklike half partition inside. Slipper shells occur worldwide in shallow waters. Adults are fixed to rocks or live within the empty shells of other mollusks. The common Atlantic slipper shell (C. fornicata), often called ...
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Crepidula fornicata (snail)
...or flattened shell has a decklike half partition inside. Slipper shells occur worldwide in shallow waters. Adults are fixed to rocks or live within the empty shells of other mollusks. The common Atlantic slipper shell (C. fornicata), often called slipper limpet, is about 4 cm (1.5 inches) long and yellowish; it is abundant from Nova Scotia to Texas. In addition, C. fornicata......
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Crépin, Jean-Albert-Emile (French general)
French military officer and industrialist who helped liberate Paris during World War II and who commanded French forces in the Algerian War of Independence before rising to the rank of five-star general; he later oversaw the development of the country’s strategic missiles, including the Exocet (b. Sept. 1, 1908--d. May 4, 1996)....
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crepuscolarismo (Italian literature)
(Italian: “twilight school”), a group of early 20th-century Italian poets whose work was characterized by disillusion, nostalgia, a taste for simple things, and a direct, unadorned style. Like Futurism, a contemporaneous movement, crepuscolarismo reflected the influence of European Decadence and was a reaction to the florid ornamental rhetoric of the Italia...
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crepuscolo dei filosofi, Il (work by Papini)
...leader in Florence. He was a founder of an influential Florentine literary magazine, Leonardo (1903). During this period he wrote several violently antitraditionalist works, such as Il crepuscolo dei filosofi (1906; “The Twilight of the Philosophers”), in which he expressed disenchantment with traditional philosophies. One of his best-known and most frequently......
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Crepusculario (work by Neruda)
...In 1921 he moved to Santiago to continue his studies and become a French teacher. There he experienced loneliness and hunger and took up a bohemian lifestyle. His first book of poems, Crepusculario, was published in 1923. The poems, subtle and elegant, were in the tradition of Symbolist poetry, or rather its Hispanic version, Modernismo. His second book, Veinte poemas......
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Crépy, Peace of (European history)
...by Charles as part of his Burgundian inheritance. The emperor’s conquest of this duchy in 1543, which considerably broadened his power base, and the peace he concluded with France in 1544 (the Peace of Crépy), followed by an armistice in 1545 with the Ottoman Empire, left him free at last to deal decisively with the German Protestants....
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Créquy, Charles I de Blanchefort, Marquis de (French marshal)
marshal of France during the reign of King Louis XIII....
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Créquy, François, chevalier de, marquis de Marines (French marshal)
marshal of France and one of King Louis XIV’s most successful commanders during the War of Devolution (1667–68) and the Third Dutch War (1672–78)....
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Crerar, Henry Duncan Graham (Canadian general)
Canadian army officer who was that country’s leading field commander in World War II....
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Crerar, John (American industrialist)
U.S. railway industrialist and philanthropist who endowed (1889) what later became the John Crerar Library of science, technology, and medicine....
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Cres (island, Croatia)
island in the Kvarner group, northwest Croatia, in the Adriatic Sea, off the east coast of Istria. With an area of 156 square miles (404 square km), it reaches a maximum elevation of 2,150 feet (650 metres) at Gorice. In the south, a canal—first made in Roman times, revived in the 16th century—separates Cres from the island of Lošinj (Italian Lussino), about 29 square miles (7...
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Crescas, Ḥasdai ben Abraham (Spanish philosopher)
Spanish philosopher, Talmudic scholar, and critic of the Aristotelian rationalist tradition in Jewish thought, who became crown rabbi of Aragon....
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crescent (symbol)
political, military, and religious emblem of the Byzantine and Turkish empires and, later and more generally, of all Islāmic countries....
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Crescent City (New Zealand)
town and port, western South Island, New Zealand. Established in 1863 as a government depot at the mouth of the Grey River, on the north Westland Plain, the settlement grew as the result of local gold finds. Originally known as Crescent City and then Blaketown, it was renamed Greytown and, finally, Greymouth after its river, which had been named (1846) after Governor Sir George ...
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Crescent Moon Society (Chinese literary organization)
...of literary creation; he was thus denounced by left-wing writers who favoured a more political approach to literature. He and other like-minded writers, including Hu Shi and Xu Zhimo, founded the Crescent Moon Society in 1927 and published their ideas in the journal Xinyue (“Crescent Moon”). Liang taught English literature at Peking University......
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crescent, Turkish (musical instrument)
musical instrument consisting of a pole ornamented with a canopy (pavillon), a crescent, and other shapes hung with bells and metal jingling objects, and often surmounted by horsetails. It possibly originated as the staff of a Central Asian shaman, and it was part of the Turkish military Janissary band that stimulated the late 18th-century European vogue for Turkish music...
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Crescent wrench (tool)
...and nuts within a limited range. On one type the jaws are at right angles to the handle; this wrench, invented by Charles Moncky, is known as a monkey wrench. On another type, originally called a Crescent wrench, the jaws are almost parallel to the handle; on both types the movable jaw is adjusted by turning a worm that engages a rack of teeth cut into the jaw....
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Crescentia cujete (tree)
(Crescentia cujete), tree of the family Bignoniaceae, 6 to 12 metres (20 to 40 feet) tall, that grows in Central and South America, the West Indies, and extreme southern Florida. It is often grown as an ornamental. The calabash tree produces large spherical fruits, up to 50 cm (20 inches) in diameter, the hard shells of which are useful as bowls, cups, and other water containers when hollow...
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crescentic fracture (geology)
...the fractures at right angles to the direction of glacial movement. Three main types are recognized: the crescentic gouge, which is concave upstream and is made by the removal of a chip of rock; the crescentic fracture, which is concave downstream and also made by the removal of rock; and the lunate fracture, which is also concave downstream but without the removal of rock. Chatter marks in a.....
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crescentic gouge (geology)
...piece of wood. Chatter marks are commonly arranged in nested series, with the orientation of the fractures at right angles to the direction of glacial movement. Three main types are recognized: the crescentic gouge, which is concave upstream and is made by the removal of a chip of rock; the crescentic fracture, which is concave downstream and also made by the removal of rock; and the lunate......
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Crescentii family (Roman family)
a Roman family that played an important part in the history of Rome and the papacy from the middle of the 10th to the beginning of the 11th century. Its extensive possessions were situated mainly in the Sabina....
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Crescentius I (Roman patrician)
...protector, the Holy Roman emperor Otto I the Great. Otto’s death in 973 put Benedict at the mercy of the powerful Roman Crescentii family, whose role in the history of the papacy was dramatized when Crescentius I led a resurgence of the Roman baronage. The Pope was imprisoned in June 974 in the Castel Sant’Angelo and replaced by the deacon Franco, later known as antipope Boniface ...
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Crescentius II (Roman patrician)
...princess. When Pope John XV died (March 996), Otto named his cousin Bruno (Gregory V) as the successor. The Crescentii, a powerful Roman family, opposed Otto’s choice, and while he was in Germany, Crescentius II led a revolt that usurped Gregory’s office. John returned from Constantinople, and Crescentius, planning to ally Rome with Byzantium against Otto, offered John the papacy....
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Crescenzi family (Roman family)
a Roman family that played an important part in the history of Rome and the papacy from the middle of the 10th to the beginning of the 11th century. Its extensive possessions were situated mainly in the Sabina....
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Cresci, Gianfrancesco (Italian calligrapher)
...models that combined an overdisciplined cancellaresca script with black-letter mercantile script mannerisms such as loops and running ligatures. From this hybrid the Vatican scriptor Gianfrancesco Cresci developed a highly cursive, free-flowing hand. His italic bastarda is topped off with accents at the end of ascenders made by doubling back at the start of the stroke and......
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Cresilas (Greek sculptor)
sculptor whose portrait of the Athenian statesman Pericles generated a type of noble, idealized portraiture. Cresilas was a contemporary of Phidias and one of the sculptors in a competition at Ephesus about 440 bc. His entry, a figure of a wounded Amazon, is ascribed to him from its resemblance in style to his head of Pericles. The figure is known only through copies....
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cresol (chemical compound)
any of the three methylphenols with the same molecular formula but having different structures: ortho- (o-) cresol, meta- (m-) cresol, and para- (p-) cresol....
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Crespi, Daniele (Italian painter)
Italian Baroque painter, known for the direct emotional appeal and simple compositions of his religious paintings....
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Crespi, Giovanni Battista (Italian painter)
one of the chief Lombard painters of the 17th century, whose work is important in the early development of Lombard realism....
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Crespi, Giuseppe Maria (Italian painter)
Italian Baroque painter who broke dramatically with the formal academic tradition to achieve a direct and immediate approach to his subject matter that was unparalleled at the time. Better known as a painter of genre scenes (pictures of everyday life), he also applied his innovative manner to religious paintings with impressive results....
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Crespi, Irving (American researcher)
...approach also recognizes the importance of public opinion in areas that have little or nothing to do with government. The very nature of public opinion, according to the American researcher Irving Crespi, is to be interactive, multidimensional, and continuously changing. Thus, fads and fashions are appropriate subject matter for students of public opinion, as are public attitudes toward......
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Crespi, Juan (Spanish missionary)
...pounding surf, mud slides, wind-fanned fires, and especially earthquakes—pose serious challenges to human occupation. Earthquakes have been observed throughout the area’s recorded history. Juan Crespi, a Franciscan friar and colleague of missionary Junípero Serra’s, chronicled the expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá in 1769 and noted that a temblor lasting ...
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Crespin, Régine (French singer)
French opera singer who was known for the warmth and strength of her voice and the subtlety of her interpretation in a variety of soprano roles. She was particularly associated with the operas of Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss, and the Marschallin in Strauss’s Der Rosenkavalier became a signature role for her, both in French translation and later in German. Crespin made her profe...
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Crespo, Joaquín (Venezuelan military officer)
...in 1877, leaving a puppet successor in charge, but when the opposition rebelled, he returned to crush it and resumed the presidency in 1878. The following year he returned to Europe, leaving General Joaquín Crespo in charge. Guzmán Blanco came back again in 1886 to serve a final two years in the face of growing popular opposition to his policies....
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cress (plant)
any of several plants of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), of interest for their piquant young basal leaves, which may be used in salads or as seasonings and garnishes. Watercress (Nasturtium officinale), perhaps the most popular of the edible cresses, is a hardy creeping perennial plant, native to Europe but extensively naturalized elsewhere in streams, pools, and ditch...
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Cressent, Charles (French cabinetmaker)
French cabinetmaker, whose works are among the most renowned pieces of French furniture ever made....
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Cressida (fictional character, Shakespeare)
Cressida, a Trojan woman whose father has defected to the Greeks, pledges her love to Troilus, one of King Priam’s sons. However, when her father demands her presence in the Greek camp, she reluctantly accepts the attentions of Diomedes, the Greek officer who has been sent to escort her to the Greek side. Given her situation in an enemy camp and being an attractive woman among sex-starved.....
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Cresson, Edith (premier of France)
premier of France from May 15, 1991, to April 2, 1992, the first woman in French history to serve as premier....
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Cresswell, Helen (British author)
British author (b. July 11, 1934, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, Eng.—d. Sept. 26, 2005, Eakring, Nottinghamshire, Eng.), penned more than 100 children’s works—ranging from picture books to intermediate-age novels—and numerous television screenplays, most of which she infused with humour and fantasy. She was perhaps best known for the Lizzie Dripping series (1973–9...
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Cressy, Hugh Paulin (English author and editor)
English Benedictine monk, historian, apologist, and spiritual writer noted for his editorship of writings by Counter-Reformation mystics....
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Cressy, Serenus (English author and editor)
English Benedictine monk, historian, apologist, and spiritual writer noted for his editorship of writings by Counter-Reformation mystics....
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crest (heraldry)
A crest is the object placed on top of the helmet and bound to it by what is known as a “wreath of the colours,” a twist of cloth (part of the mantling) of the two principal colours of the arms. Sometimes, instead of the wreath, the crest will use a coronet or a chapeau (a velvet cap of maintenance lined with ermine). Crests were at first made of leather, later of light wood, and......
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CREST syndrome (pathology)
There is a milder variant of progressive systemic scleroderma, called CREST syndrome. The acronym is derived from the first letters of the five main features of the disease: Calcinosis cutis, calcium deposits in the skinRaynaud phenomenonEsophageal dysfunctionSclerodactyly, tightening of the skin on the fingers and toesTelangiectasia, red spots on the face,......
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crest-tailed marsupial mouse (mammal)
...to eat nectar. The fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) stores excess fat in its tail. Members of all genera except Antechinus will go into torpor when food is scarce. The crest-tailed marsupial mouse, or mulgara (Dasycercus cristicauda), an arid-land species valued for killing house mice, gets all of its water from the bodies of its prey....
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crest-tailed marsupial rat (mammal)
(Dasyuroides byrnei), rare ratlike mammal of the family Dasyuridae (order Marsupialia), native to the desert and grasslands of central Australia. It averages about 17.5 cm (7 inches) in length, with about a 13.5-centimetre (5-inch) tail. The soft dense fur is a light gray, but the distal portion of the tail is crested above and below with long black hairs. The marsupial rat is nocturnal an...
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Cresta sledding (sport)
winter sport in which the skeleton sled, or Cresta, consisting of steel runners fastened to a platform chassis, is ridden in a headfirst, prone position. Skeleton sledding competitions are typically held on the same courses used for bobsled contests. It is a dangerous and thrilling sport where riders, with their faces just inches above the icy course, attain speeds over 129 km (...
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crested bellbird (bird)
The crested bellbird (Oreoica gutturalis), also of Australia, is a whistler (see thickhead) with bristles around its nostrils. This species is a member of the Old World flycatchers (family Muscicapidae)....
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crested bustard (bird)
...the back, the total effect being that of an enormous feather ball. The ball then struts around in front of a female, who feigns indifference. Smaller bustards have somewhat different displays. The crested bustard (Lophotis ruficrista) of Africa has an aerial display flight in which it rises about 100 feet (30 metres) into the air and then planes steeply back to earth....
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crested caracara (bird)
The common, or crested, caracara (Polyborus plancus) occurs from Florida, Texas, Arizona, Cuba, and the Isle of Pines south to the Falkland Islands and Tierra del Fuego. The subspecies occurring in the United States is called Audubon’s caracara (P. p. auduboni)....
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crested cariama (bird)
...American bird of grasslands, constituting the family Cariamidae (order Gruiformes). There are two species, both restricted to southern-central South America. The red-legged, or crested, seriema (Cariama cristata), with long legs and neck, stands about 60 cm (2 feet) tall. The beak and legs are red, and the plumage is brownish above and dull white beneath, with bluish skin around the......
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crested crane (bird)
...companion, or brolga (G. rubicunda), lives in Australia and southern New Guinea. The demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) breeds in Algeria, southeastern Europe, and Central Asia; the crowned crane (Balearica pavonina [regulorum]), over nearly all of Africa; and the wattled crane (Bugeranus carunculatus), in eastern and southern Africa....
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crested guan (bird)
...12 species, lighter in weight and somewhat smaller than related curassows. Strongly gregarious, they have noisy cries heard mainly at night. Sexes look alike. The crested (miscalled purple) guan (Penelope purpurascens), from Mexico to Ecuador and Venezuela, is an important game bird, about 65 cm long and weighing about 2 kg. It is greenish brown, with white spotting below. Several specie...
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crested ibis (bird)
The Japanese, or crested, ibis (Nipponia nippon) is white with a red face. Also an endangered species, it was considered to be on the verge of extinction in the late 20th century....
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