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G-region(Obsolete.) A region of free electrons in the ionosphere occasionally observed above the F2-layer. The existence of this region has not been definitely established.
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gaignA cross-mountain wind that causes clouds to form on the crests of mountains in Italy.
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gain factorSame as gain.
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gale warningA storm warning, for marine interests, of sustained winds of 28–47 knots inclusive (32–54 mph) either predicted or occurring and not associated with tropical cyclones. The storm-warning signals for this condition are 1) two triangular red pennants by day and 2) a white lantern over a red lantern by night.
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gale1. In general, and in popular use, an unusually strong wind. 2. In storm-warning terminology, a wind of 28–47 knots (32–54 mph). In the Beaufort wind scale, a wind with a speed from 28–55 knots (32–63 mph) and categorized as follows: moderate gale, 28–33 knots (Force 7); fresh gale, 34–40 knots (Force 8); strong gale, 41–47 knots (Force 9); and whole gale, 48–55 knots (Force 10).
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Galerkin approximationAn approximation to a differential equation that uses a linear combination of basis functions with weights determined by minimizing a globally integrated measure of the error in the solution. The resulting error is orthogonal to each basis function in an integral sense. Finite-element approximations result when piecewise linear basis functions are selected. Spectral approximations are produced when spherical harmonic basis functions are selected over spherical domains. See finite-element model.
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