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Tuman-gang (river, Asia)
river, forming the northeastern frontier of North Korea with China and Russia. The Tumen originates on Mount Paektu (Chinese: Baitou; 9,022 feet [2,750 metres]), the highest peak of the Changbai (Korean: Chanbaek) Mountains along the China-Korea border. It then flows with its short tributaries through na...
Tumasik
city-state located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, about 85 miles (137 kilometres) north of the Equator. It consists of the diamond-shaped Singapore Island and some 60 small islets; the main island occupies all but about 18 square miles of this combined area. The main island is separated from ...
Tumba, Lake (lake, Democratic Republic of the Congo)
lake, part of the Congo River basin, northwestern Congo (Kinshasa). Lake Tumba lies 75 miles (120 km) northwest of Lake Mai-Ndombe (formerly Lake Léopold II). It covers 190 square miles (500 square km) and is 6–20 feet (2–6 m) deep. The lake empties into the Congo River by Irebu channel, just opposite it...
Tumbatu (people)
The southern and eastern portions of Zanzibar island have been mainly populated by a Bantu-speaking people known as the Hadimu; the northern portion of Zanzibar island and the adjacent Tumbatu island have been occupied by another Bantu-speaking people known as the Tumbatu. These two groups represent the earliest arrivals in Zanzibar. Throughout the 19th century, and after, they were......
Tumbes (Peru)
city, northwestern Peru. It is located on the Pacific coastal plain and on high banks overlooking the Tumbes River, 20 miles (30 km) from the Ecuadorian border....
Tumbez (people)
In the 16th century the island served as a stopping point for Spanish conquistadors (including Francisco Pizarro) on their way south from Panama; it was originally inhabited by the aboriginal Tumbez Indians, whom not even the Inca had conquered. The present population is concentrated around the village of Puná at the island’s northeastern tip. Punta Salinas is a fishing and hunting.....
Tumbez (Peru)
city, northwestern Peru. It is located on the Pacific coastal plain and on high banks overlooking the Tumbes River, 20 miles (30 km) from the Ecuadorian border....
Tumbian industry (prehistoric technology)
sub-Saharan African stone tool industry of Acheulean derivation dating from about 130,000 to 10,000 years ago. It is more or less contemporaneous with the Fauresmith industry of so...
Tumblagooda Sandstone (geological formation, Australia)
...the growth of the Caledonian highlands and their ability to shed clastic debris farther and farther afield. In Western Australia, similar thick red sandstones belonging to the Upper Silurian Tumblagooda Sandstone were derived from a Precambrian massif called the Yilgarn Block....
tumble windmill grass
...known as finger grass, or windmill grass. Feathered finger grass (C. virgata) is a weedy North American annual with feathery spikelets. Windmill grass (C. truncata) of Australia and tumble windmill grass (C. verticillata) of North America are perennial species of waste areas. Several strains of Rhodes grass (C. gayana), a tufted perennial native to South Africa,......
tumblebug (insect)
any of a group of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (insect order Coleoptera) that forms manure into a ball using its scooper-like head and paddle-shaped antennae. In some species, the ball of manure can be as large as an apple. In the early part of the summer the dung beetle buries itself and the ball and feeds on it. Later in the season the female deposits eggs in balls of dung, on which the la...
tumbler (lock mechanism)
The first serious attempt to improve the security of the lock was made in 1778 when Robert Barron, in England, patented a double-acting tumbler lock. A tumbler is a lever, or pawl, that falls into a slot in the bolt and prevents it being moved until it is raised by the key to exactly the right height out of the slot; the key then slides the bolt. The Barron lock (see Figure 4) had two tumblers......
tumbler (food processing)
...poultry products, the meat is mixed with a variety of nonmeat ingredients, including flavourings, spices, and salt. Tumbling and massaging are gentle methods that produce a uniform meat mixture. A tumbler is a slowly rotating drum that works the meat into a smooth mixture. A massager is a large mixing chamber that contains a number of internal paddles. Cured turkey products (i.e.,......
tumbler switch (electronics)
device for opening and closing electrical circuits under normal load conditions, usually operated manually. There are many designs of switches; a common type—the toggle, or tumbler, switch—is widely used in home lighting and other applications. The so-called mercury, or “silent,” switch is used extensively for controlling home lighting circuits. The oil switch has its....
tumbleweed (plant)
Plant that breaks away from its roots and is driven about by the wind as a light rolling mass, scattering seeds as it goes. Examples include pigweed (Amaranth retroflexus, a widespread weed in the western U.S.) and other amaranths, tumbling mustard, Russian thistle, the steppe plant Colutea arborea, and the grass Spinifex of Indone...
Tumbleweed Connection (album by John)
...(Philadelphia Freedom [1975]). He also demonstrated deeper musical ambitions in longer works such as Burn Down the Mission on Tumbleweed Connection (1971) and Funeral for a Friend/Love Lies Bleeding on Goodbye Yellow Brick Road (1973)....
tumbling (acrobatics)
execution of acrobatic movements such as rolls, twists, handsprings, or somersaults on floor mats or on the ground. Unlike most other disciplines in gymnastics, tumbling does not involve the use of apparatuses....
tumbling (gem cutting)
...hardness (see diamond cutting), gemstones are cut and polished in any of three ways. Agate, opal, jasper, onyx, chalcedony (all with a Mohs hardness of 7 or less) may be tumbled; that is, they may be placed in a cylinder with abrasive grit and water and the cylinder rotated about its long axis. The stones become polished but are irregular in shape. Second, the ...
tumbling barrel (tool)
...gemstones are cut and polished in any of three ways. Agate, opal, jasper, onyx, chalcedony (all with a Mohs hardness of 7 or less) may be tumbled; that is, they may be placed in a cylinder with abrasive grit and water and the cylinder rotated about its long axis. The stones become polished but are irregular in shape. Second, the same kinds of gemstones may instead be cut en......
tumbling flower beetle (insect)
any of about 1,500 species of beetles (insect order Coleoptera) named for their jumping, turning, and tumbling motion when disturbed or caught. These black beetles are small, usually between 3 and 7 mm (0.1 to 0.3 inch) in length, and are most often seen on flowers. They are covered with fine hairs and are humpbacked and wedge-shaped, with a broad anterior end tapering to a pointed abdomen that ex...
tumboa (plant)
common name of Welwitschia mirabilis, a plant species that is the sole member of the family Welwitschiaceae, order Gnetales....
Tumboka (people)
a people who live on the lightly wooded plateau between the northwestern shore of Lake Nyasa (Lake Malaŵi) and the Luangwa River valley of eastern Zambia. They speak a Bantu language closely related to those of their immediate neighbours, the la...
tumbrel (wagon)
French two-wheeled dumpcart or wagon designed to be drawn by a single draft animal. Originally used to carry agricultural supplies, it was most often associated with the cartage of animal manure. It was also used, however, by artillery units to carry tools and ammunition, and during the ...
tumbril (wagon)
French two-wheeled dumpcart or wagon designed to be drawn by a single draft animal. Originally used to carry agricultural supplies, it was most often associated with the cartage of animal manure. It was also used, however, by artillery units to carry tools and ammunition, and during the ...
tumbuan (mask)
The Dukduk society used male (dukduk) and female (tubuan) masks. Both types are cone-shaped and were constructed of cane and fibre. The dukduk is taller than the tubuan and is faceless. The tubuan has circular eyes and a crescent-shaped mouth painted on a dark background. Both masks have short, bushy capes of leaves....
Tumbuka (people)
a people who live on the lightly wooded plateau between the northwestern shore of Lake Nyasa (Lake Malaŵi) and the Luangwa River valley of eastern Zambia. They speak a Bantu language closely related to those of their immediate neighbours, the la...
Tümed (people)
In 1578 the Dge-lugs-pa took a step destined to bring foreign interference once more into Tibetan affairs. The third Dge-lugs-pa hierarch, Bsod-nams-rgya-mtsho, was invited to visit the powerful Tümed Mongol leader Altan Khan, with whom he revived the patron-priest relationship that had existed between Kublai Khan and ’Phags-pa. From this time dates the title of Dalai......
T’umen’ (Russia)
city and administrative centre of Tyumen oblast (region), central Russia. The city lies in the southwestern part of the West Siberian Plain. It is situated on both banks of the Tura River at its crossing by the Trans-Siberian Railroad. Founded in 1586, it is the oldest Russian city in Siberia, located on the site of a Tatar...
T’umen’ (oblast, Russia)
oblast (region), central Russia, in the Ob-Irtysh Basin. In the extreme west the Ural Mountains attain 6,217 feet (1,895 m) in Mount Narodnaya, but the remainder of the oblast’s huge area is a low, exceptionally flat plain, with innumerable lakes and very extensive swamps. The oblast stretches from tundra in the n...
Tumen Jiang (river, Asia)
river, forming the northeastern frontier of North Korea with China and Russia. The Tumen originates on Mount Paektu (Chinese: Baitou; 9,022 feet [2,750 metres]), the highest peak of the Changbai (Korean: Chanbaek) Mountains along the China-Korea border. It then flows with its short tributaries through na...
Tumen River (river, Asia)
river, forming the northeastern frontier of North Korea with China and Russia. The Tumen originates on Mount Paektu (Chinese: Baitou; 9,022 feet [2,750 metres]), the highest peak of the Changbai (Korean: Chanbaek) Mountains along the China-Korea border. It then flows with its short tributaries through na...
Tumkur (India)
city, eastern Karnataka state, southern India. Tumkur lies at the foot of Devarayadurga Hill, which has a picturesque health resort at about 3,900 feet (1,190 metres). The city, a road and rail centre, has a cluster of small-scale industries, which include a tool factory, soap works, and rice and oil mills. The chief crops grown in the surrounding area are mil...
Tummel, Loch (lake, Scotland, United Kingdom)
...area) until it joins the River Tay just northwest of Pitlochry. The extensive Tummel-Garry Hydro-Electric Scheme, comprising 10 main power stations, is a major feature of the Tummel River basin. Loch Tummel is a popular scenic spot, as are the Falls of Tummel near the confluence of the Rivers Tummel and Garry....
Tummel, River (river, Scotland, United Kingdom)
river and loch (lake), Scotland. The River Tummel rises on Rannoch Moor near the southern border of the Highland council area and drains via Loch Laidon through the heavily glaciated east-west valley containing the ribbon lakes (Lochs Rannoch and Tummel, in the Perth and Kinross council area) until it joins the ...
tumor (pathology)
a mass of abnormal tissue that arises without obvious cause from preexisting body cells, has no purposeful function, and is characterized by a tendency to independent and unrestrained growth. Tumours are quite different from inflammatory or other swellings because the cells in tumours are abnormal in appearance and other characteristics. Abnormal cells—the kind that generally make up tumour...
tumour (plant disease)
an abnormal, localized outgrowth or swelling of plant tissue caused by infection from bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes or irritation by insects and mites. See black knot; cedar-apple rust; clubroot; crown gall....
tumour (pathology)
a mass of abnormal tissue that arises without obvious cause from preexisting body cells, has no purposeful function, and is characterized by a tendency to independent and unrestrained growth. Tumours are quite different from inflammatory or other swellings because the cells in tumours are abnormal in appearance and other characteristics. Abnormal cells—the kind that generally make up tumour...
tumour lysis syndrome (pathology)
...persisted as memory T cells, indicating that the cells likely would be able to kill new cancer cells should the cancer return. Although more testing was needed and the therapy was associated with tumour lysis syndrome (a sometimes severe metabolic disturbance caused by the dying off of massive numbers of cancer cells), it was hailed at the time of its report in 2011 as a major breakthrough in.....
tumour marker (pathology)
...are likely to improve significantly the present systems of prognostication. Some are based on detecting and measuring the level of substances produced by the tumour. These substances, called tumour markers, also can aid in monitoring an individual who has received treatment for cancer to determine whether the tumour has returned. A rising level of a tumour marker in the blood will in......
tumour necrosis factor (pathology)
a naturally occurring protein that is produced in the human body by the phagocytic cells known as macrophages. (The latter can engulf and destroy bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances.) TNF is produced by macrophages when they encounter the poisonous substance in bacteria that is known as endotoxin. TNF seems to pe...
tumour suppressor gene (pathology)
any of a class of genes that are normally involved in regulating cell growth but that may become cancer-causing when damaged. Tumour suppressor genes encode for proteins that are involved in inhibiting the proliferation of cells, which is crucial to normal cell development and differentiation. Because of this ability, tumo...
tumour-associated antigen (biology)
Tumour-associated antigens on tumour cells are not qualitatively different in structure from antigens found on normal cells, but they are present in significantly greater amounts. Because of their abundance, they are often shed into the bloodstream. Elevated levels of these antigens can be used as tumour markers—that is, indicators of a tumour....
tumour-specific antigen (biology)
Tumour-specific antigens represent fragments of novel proteins that are presented at the cell surface bound to the major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. In this form they are recognized by T lymphocytes (T cells) and eliminated. The novel peptides are derived from mutated proteins or from production of a protein that is not expressed in normal cells....
Tumuc-Humac, Massif des (mountains, South America)
mountain range that forms the Brazilian border with French Guiana and Suriname. An eastern extension of the Acarai Mountains, the range extends for about 180 miles (290 km) in an east-west direction...
Tumuc-Humac Mountains (mountains, South America)
mountain range that forms the Brazilian border with French Guiana and Suriname. An eastern extension of the Acarai Mountains, the range extends for about 180 miles (290 km) in an east-west direction...
Tumucumaque National Park (park, Amapá, Brazil)
...along the coast, which has long remained scantily populated. In the early 21st century several notable conservation efforts were undertaken to protect Amapá’s diverse fauna and flora. In 2002 Tumucumaque National Park—the world’s largest tropical forest park, with an area of about 15,000 square miles (39,000 square km)—was created. The park is part of the Amap...
Tumucumaque, Serra (mountains, South America)
mountain range that forms the Brazilian border with French Guiana and Suriname. An eastern extension of the Acarai Mountains, the range extends for about 180 miles (290 km) in an east-west direction...
tumulus (burial mound)
in England, ancient burial place covered with a large mound of earth. In Scotland, Ireland, and Wales the equivalent term is cairn. Barrows were constructed in England from Neolithic (c. 4000 bc) until late pre-Christian (c. ad 600) times. Barrows of the ...
Tumulus Culture (European culture)
...chronological framework has been developed that, using the changes in burial rites and metal assemblages, divides the Bronze Age into either Early, Middle, and Late phases or into the Unetician, Tumulus, and Urnfield cultures. Synchronizations of the more detailed local subdivisions, which were based on typology of metal objects and cross-associations, have employed schemes of Paul Reinecke......
Tumulus period (Japanese history)
early period (c. ad 250–552) of tomb culture in Japan, characterized by large earthen keyhole-shaped burial mounds (kofun) surrounded by moats. The largest of the 71 known tumuli, 1,500 feet (457 m) long and 120 feet (36 m) high, lie in the Nara (Yamato) Basin of Nara prefecture. Their impre...
Tumut (New South Wales, Australia)
town, southeastern New South Wales, Australia. It lies along the Tumut River, at the northern approach to the Australian Alps. The river valley, explored in 1824 by Hamilton Hume...
Tumut River (river, New South Wales, Australia)
river, south New South Wales, Australia. It rises on the northwestern slopes of the Snowy Mountains and flows 90 miles (145 km) to join the Murrumbidgee River, east of the town o...
tun (Mayan chronology)
Reckoning was not by those years but by tuns (360 days) and their multiples of 20: katuns (20 tuns), baktuns (400 tuns), pictuns (8,000 ......
Tun Hussein Onn (prime minister of Malaysia)
Malaysian politician and prime minister (1976–81) of a multiracial coalition government....
tun shell (gastropod family)
...Doliacea (Tonnacea)Generally tropical predators on echinoderms; often burrow in sand; includes helmet shells (Cassidae), tun shells (Doliidae), frog shells (Bursidae), triton shells (Cymatiidae), and fig shells (Ficidae); frog and triton shells often live in rocky areas; most species large in......
Tun-huang (China)
city, western Gansu sheng (province), northwestern China. Situated in an oasis in the Gansu-Xinjiang desert region, it is at the far western limit of traditional Chinese settlement along the Silk Road across Central Asia. Dunhuang was the first tra...
“Tun-huang” (work by Inoue)
...it was followed by Tōgyū (1949; “The Bullfight”), which secured his reputation. Among his many other successes are the novel Tonkō (1959; Tun-huang), which re-created 11th-century China and centred on the Buddhist treasure troves hidden in the Tun-huang (Dunhuang) caves, as well as......
tuna (fish)
any of seven species of oceanic fishes, some very large, that constitute the genus Thunnus and are of great commercial value as food. They are related to mackerels and are placed with them in the family Scombridae (order Perciformes). Tunas vary considerably, both within and among species....
Tuna language
...the language of the Methodist Mission in the Solomon Islands; Bambatana, a literary language used by the Methodists on Choiseul Island; Bugotu, a lingua franca on Santa Isabel (Ysabel Island); Tolai, a widely used missionary language in New Britain and New Ireland; Yabêm and Graged, lingua francas of the Lutheran Mission in the Madang region of Papua New Guinea; and Mota, a widely......
Tuna, the (American football coach and executive)
American professional gridiron football coach and executive who coached the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL) to Super Bowl victories in 1987 and 1991....
tunable laser
The essential components of RIS methods are tunable lasers, which can be of either the pulsed or the continuous-wave variety. Pulsed lasers are more frequently used since they can add time resolution to a measurement system. In addition, pulsed lasers produce high peak power, permitting the efficient use of nonlinear optics to generate short-wavelength radiations. For example, in frequency......
tunable oscillator
...the original one, and an amplifier can be made to oscillate, or generate an AC signal. Such signals are needed for many purposes and are created in numerous kinds of oscillator circuits. In a tunable oscillator, such as that required for a radio receiver, the parallel combination of an inductor and a capacitor is a tuned circuit: at one frequency, and only one, the inductive effects and......
Ṭunb al-Kubrā (island, Persian Gulf)
When Britain finally left the Persian Gulf in late 1971, a dispute arose over the small islands of Greater and Lesser Ṭunb (Ṭunb al-Kubrā and Ṭunb al-Ṣughrā), in the Gulf about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Raʾs al-Khaymah town; these islands had long been claimed by both Raʾs al-Khaymah and Iran. On Nov. 30, 1971, Iranian troops landed......
Ṭunb al-Ṣughrā (island, Persian Gulf)
When Britain finally left the Persian Gulf in late 1971, a dispute arose over the small islands of Greater and Lesser Ṭunb (Ṭunb al-Kubrā and Ṭunb al-Ṣughrā), in the Gulf about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Raʾs al-Khaymah town; these islands had long been claimed by both Raʾs al-Khaymah and Iran. On Nov. 30, 1971, Iranian troops landed......
Tunbridge Wells (district, England, United Kingdom)
town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It lies about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of London. The borough encompasses a largely rural area in the southwestern part of Kent. The town of Royal Tunbridge Wells, now included in the borough of Tunbridge...
Tunbridge Wells (England, United Kingdom)
town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It lies about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of London. The borough encompasses a largely rural area in the southwestern part of Kent. The town of Royal Tunbridge Wells, now included in the borough of Tunbridge Wells, grew up as a spa after a medicinal spring (containing mild chalybeate waters) was discovered at the......
Tundi Khel (parade ground)
To the east is Tundi Khel, the parade ground, in the centre of which is a stone platform surrounding a tree, from which important government pronouncements were formerly made first to the army. Between it and the city is a tall watchtower built by Bhim Sen Thapa, a former prime minister. On the outskirts of Kathmandu are many palaces built by the Rana family, the most imposing of which is the......
tundish (metallurgy)
The key control parameter of continuous casting is matching the flow of liquid steel into the mold with the withdrawal speed of the strand out of the mold. The control of flow rates is accomplished by the tundish, a small, refractory-lined distributer that is placed over the mold and that receives steel from the furnace ladle (see figure). Withdrawal speed is controlled by driven rolls, which......
tundra (ecosystem)
treeless, level or rolling ground in polar regions (Arctic tundra) or on high mountains (alpine tundra), characterized by bare ground and rock or by such vegetation as mosses, lichens, small herbs, and low shrubs....
tundra climate
major climate type of the Köppen classification characterized by sub-freezing mean annual temperatures, large annual temperature ranges (but not as large as in the adjacent continental subarctic climate), and moderately low precipitation. The tundra climate region occurs between 60° and 75...
tundra dwarf birch (tree)
...It is sometimes called red birch, black birch, or mountain birch. Swamp birch (B. pumila), a similar but smaller shrub, is found on boggy sites; it may be erect or trailing and matted. Bog birch (B. glandulosa) of North America, also called tundra dwarf birch or resin birch, and dwarf birch, or dwarf Arctic birch (B. nana), native to most far northern areas of the......
tundra polygon (geology)
...The constant change in the volume of water tends to move the coarser particles in the soil to the surface. Further frost heaving arranges the stones and rocks according to their sizes to produce patterned ground. Circular arrangements of the larger rocks are termed stone rings. When neighbouring stone rings coalesce, they form polygonal stone nets. On steeper slopes, stone rings and stone......
tundra swan (bird)
species (Cygnus columbianus) of North American swan that calls with a soft, musical note. It has a black bill, usually with a small yellow spot near the eye. It breeds in the Arctic tundra and winters in shallow fresh or ...
tundra swan (waterfowl)
species (Cygnus columbianus) of North American swan that calls with a soft, musical note. It has a black bill, usually with a small yellow spot near the eye. It breeds in the Arctic tundra and winters in shallow fresh or ......
Tundra Yukaghir language
Yukaghir (regional name Odul) is spoken by about 200 persons (less than 20 percent of the ethnic group) who are divided about equally into two enclaves: Tundra Yukaghir (also called Northern Yukaghir) in the Sakha republic (Yakutia), near the estuary of the Indigirka River; and Kolyma, or Forest, Yukaghir (also called Southern Yukaghir) along the bend of the Kolyma River. Extinct earlier......
Tundzha River (river, Bulgaria)
Bulgaria has a complex drainage pattern characterized, with the notable exception of the Danube, by relatively short rivers. The major rivers are the Maritsa (Marica), Iskŭr, Struma, Arda, Tundzha, and Yantra. Overall, more than half of the runoff drains to the Black Sea, and the rest flows to the Aegean Sea....
tune family (music)
in music, group of melodies interrelated by melodic correspondence, particularly in general melodic contour, important intervals, and prominent accented tones. There may be differences of rhythmic pattern, mode, and text among melodies within a group. Such groups of related melodies may have evolved from a single melody that was changed by variation and imitation as it was diff...
Tune Stone (Norwegian artifact)
5th-century monument bearing the most important Norwegian runic inscription, written vertically on two sides of the stone. Discovered in 1627 in southeastern Norway, it is now in Oslo. Authorities do not agree on the translation, but it is clear that WiwaR carved the runes in memory of WoduridaR. The latter part of the inscription tells how WoduridaR was honoured after his death and that he left ...
tuned circuit (electronics)
any electrically conducting pathway containing both inductive and capacitive elements. If these elements are connected in series, the circuit presents low impedance to alternating current of the resonant frequency, which is determined by the values of the inductance and capacitance, and high impedance to current of other fre...
tuned glasses (musical instrument)
musical instrument consisting of a set of graduated, tuned glass bowls sounded by the friction of wetted fingers on their rims. It was invented by Benjamin Franklin and was derived from the vérillon (musical glasses), a set of glasses, holding different amounts of water an...
tuned port enclosure (sound)
The tuned port or bass reflex enclosure achieves greater efficiency and extends the bass frequency range by carefully adjusting the shape and position of a hole or tube connecting the inside of the speaker box with the outside. The volume of the box thus acts as a type of Helmholtz resonator, with a resonant frequency that is determined by the geometry of the hole or tube and is deliberately......
“túnel, El” (novel by Sabato)
...on diverse philosophical, social, and political matters, was his first literary success. The novel El túnel (1948; “The Tunnel”; Eng. trans. The Outsider) won Sábato national and international notice. The protagonist of the novel is a typical existential antihero who is unable to communicate with anyone. Faced with the......
tuner (electronics)
...must be taken to control noise at this point. The first circuit in the receiver is a radio-frequency amplifier, particularly designed for low-noise amplification. The channel-switching mechanism (tuner) of the receiver connects this amplifier to one of several individual circuits, each circuit tuned to its respective channel. The amplifier magnifies the voltages of the incoming picture and......
Tung (people)
an ethnic minority of China found in southeastern Guizhou province and in neighbouring Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi and Hunan province. According to most linguists the Dong speak a Kam-Sui language that is closely related to the Tai languages, and they call themselves Kam....
T’ung (people)
an ethnic minority of China found in southeastern Guizhou province and in neighbouring Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi and Hunan province. According to most linguists the Dong speak a Kam-Sui language that is closely related to the Tai languages, and they call themselves Kam....
Tung Chee Hwa (Chinese businessman and politician)
Chinese businessman and politician and first chief executive (1997–2005) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China....
Tung Chee-hwa (Chinese businessman and politician)
Chinese businessman and politician and first chief executive (1997–2005) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China....
Tung Ch’i-ch’ang (Chinese artist)
Chinese painter, calligrapher, and theoretician who was one of the finest artists of the late Ming period. The most distinguished connoisseur of his day, Dong Qichang set forward ideas that have continued to influence Chinese aesthetic theory....
Tung Ch’i-hua (Chinese businessman and politician)
Chinese businessman and politician and first chief executive (1997–2005) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China....
Tung Chin dynasty (Chinese history)
second phase of the Jin dynasty (265–420 ce), ruling China from 317 to 420 ce and forming one of the Six Dynasties....
Tung Cho (Chinese general)
general whose seizure of power and tyrannical rule ended the Han dynasty (206 bce–220 ce) and divided the Chinese empire....
Tung Chung-shu (Chinese scholar)
scholar instrumental in establishing Confucianism in 136 bce as the state cult of China and as the basis of official political philosophy—a position it was to hold for 2,000 years. As a philosopher, Dong merged the Confucian and Yinyang schools of thought....
Tung Hai (sea, Pacific Ocean)
arm of the Pacific Ocean bordering the East Asian mainland and extending northeastward from the South China Sea, to which it is connected by the shallow Taiwan Strait between Taiwan and mainland China. The East China Sea and the South China Sea together form the China Sea. The East Chi...
Tung Han dynasty (Chinese history [25-220])
The Han house was restored by Liu Xiu, better known as Guangwudi, who reigned from ad 25 to 57. His claim had been contested by another member of the Liu house—Liu Xuan, better known as Liu Gengshi—who had been actually enthroned for two years, until his death in the course of turbulent civil fighting. Chang’an had been virtually destroyed by warfare, and Guangwu...
tung oil
pale-yellow, pungent drying oil obtained from the seeds of the tung tree. On long standing or on heating, tung oil polymerizes to a hard, waterproof gel that is highly resistant to acids and alkalies. It is used in quick-drying varnishes and paints, as a waterproofing agent, and in making linoleum, oilcloth, and insulating c...
tung oil tree (plant)
(Aleurites fordii), small Asian tree of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), commercially valuable for tung oil, which is extracted from its nutlike seeds. In the Orient tung oil was traditionally used for lighting, but it also...
tung tree (plant)
(Aleurites fordii), small Asian tree of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), commercially valuable for tung oil, which is extracted from its nutlike seeds. In the Orient tung oil was traditionally used for lighting, but it also...
T’ung-ch’eng (China)
city, southwestern Anhui sheng (province), eastern China. It stands on the edge of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) floodplain, the area to the south being a maze of lakes, the largest of which is Lake Caizi....
Tung-chia (people)
an ethnic minority of China found in southeastern Guizhou province and in neighbouring Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi and Hunan province. According to most linguists the Dong speak a Kam-Sui language that is closely related to the Tai languages, and they call themselves Kam....
“T’ung-chien kang-mu” (work by Zhu Xi)
...Guang’s history, the Zizhi tongjian (“Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government”), so that it would illustrate moral principles in government. The resulting work, known as the Tongjian gangmu (“Outline and Digest of the General Mirror”), basically completed in 1172, was not only widely read throughout eastern Asia but also served as the basis fo...