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Hachiman Plateau (plateau, Japan)
ken (prefecture), northwestern Honshu, Japan, on the Sea of Japan (East Sea) coast. The prefecture is divided between lowlands (west) and a plateau region (east). The Hachiman Plateau is dotted with volcanoes such as Mount Komaga (5,371 feet [1,637 m]), near the eastern border with Iwate prefecture. The plateau is covered with white fir trees and alpine plants that grow amid fissures......
Hachiman-tai (plateau, Japan)
ken (prefecture), northwestern Honshu, Japan, on the Sea of Japan (East Sea) coast. The prefecture is divided between lowlands (west) and a plateau region (east). The Hachiman Plateau is dotted with volcanoes such as Mount Komaga (5,371 feet [1,637 m]), near the eastern border with Iwate prefecture. The plateau is covered with white fir trees and alpine plants that grow amid fissures......
Hachinohe (Japan)
city, southeastern Aomori ken (prefecture), northeastern Honshu, Japan. It is situated on an embayment of the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of the Mabechi River. Hachinohe was a castle town during the Edo (Tokugawa) period (1603–1867) and ...
Hachiōji (Japan)
city, Tokyo to (metropolis), Honshu, Japan, on the Chūō Line (railway), west of Tokyo. A castle town in the Middle Ages, it prospered as a market and post town during the Tokugawa era (1603–1867). Hachiōji has long been well known as a silk-weaving centre. After the late 19th century, the t...
Hachirō Lagoon (lagoon, Japan)
...Ōu and Dewa mountain ranges, is crossed by rivers flowing into the Sea of Japan. Chief among them are the Yoneshiro River (north), the Omono River (central), and the Ishizawa River (south). Hachirō Lagoon, on the Oga Peninsula, was once the second largest body of water in Japan after Lake Biwa and was about 50 miles (80 km) in circumference, but it was almost totally reclaimed for...
Hachiro Motoyasu (Japanese nō dramatist)
nō dramatist and actor, grandson of nō actor and dramatist Komparu Zenchiku....
Hachisu no tsuyu (work by Ryokan)
...Echigo province, where he studied the Man’yōshū and ancient calligraphy. He developed a strong master-pupil relationship with a young nun, Teishin, who after his death compiled Hachisu no tsuyu (1835; “Dew on the Lotus”), a collection of his haiku and waka poems. He also executed many pieces of calligraphy that are esteemed for their elega...
Hacho, Mount (mountain, Ceuta, Spain)
The Rock of Gibraltar is considered one of the two Pillars of Heracles (Hercules); the other has been identified as one of two peaks in northern Africa: Mount Hacho, near the city of Ceuta (the Spanish exclave on the Moroccan coast), or Jebel Moussa (Musa), in Morocco. The Pillars—which, according to Homer, were created when Heracles broke the mountain that had connected Africa and......
hachure (cartography)
...or perspective appearance as envisioned by the cartographer. Little effort was made at true depiction as this was beyond the scope of available information and existing capabilities. Form lines and hachures, among other devices, were also used in attempting to show the land’s shape. Hachures are short lines laid down in a pattern to indicate direction of slope. When it became feasible to...
Haci Halife (Turkish historian)
Turkish historian, geographer, and bibliographer. ...
Hacia otra España (work by Maeztu)
Maeztu’s mother was of English origin, his father Basque. After living in Cuba he returned to Spain and became a leading member of the Generation of ’98. In 1899 he published his first book, Hacia otra España (“Toward Another Spain”), in which he called for Spain to break with its past and enter the European mainstream. Fluent in English, he was the London...
Hacienda (nightclub, Manchester, England, United Kingdom)
British music industry entrepreneur who, as cofounder of Factory Records and founder of the Hacienda nightclub in Manchester, was the ringleader of the so-called “Madchester” postpunk music and club scene of the 1980s and early ’90s....
hacienda (estate)
in Spanish America, a large landed estate, one of the traditional institutions of rural life. Originating in the colonial period, the hacienda survived in many places late into the 20th century. Labourers, ordinarily Indians, who worked for hacendados (landowners) were theoretically free wage earners, but in practice their employers were able to bind them to the land, especially by keeping...
Hacılar (ancient site, Turkey)
At Hacılar, a Chalcolithic site near Burdur, Turkey, village houses were entered at ground level; their standard plan shows the first evidence of conscious architectural symmetry. Much in evidence among the contents of these houses is pottery painted with extremely decorative designs. The same ornament was applied to anthropomorphic jars and stylized human idols found in graves. A higher......
hackberry (tree)
any of several trees of the genus Celtis, with about 70 species in the hemp family (Cannabaceae), that are valued for their wood or for ornamental qualities. They are distributed primarily in temperate and tropical areas....
hackbut (weapon)
first gun fired from the shoulder, a smoothbore matchlock with a stock resembling that of a rifle. The harquebus was invented in Spain in the mid-15th century. It was often fired from a support, against which the recoil was transferred from a hook on the gun. Its name seems to derive from German words meaning “hooked gun.” The bore varied, and its effective range was less than 650 fe...
hackbutt (weapon)
first gun fired from the shoulder, a smoothbore matchlock with a stock resembling that of a rifle. The harquebus was invented in Spain in the mid-15th century. It was often fired from a support, against which the recoil was transferred from a hook on the gun. Its name seems to derive from German words meaning “hooked gun.” The bore varied, and its effective range was less than 650 fe...
hackenbüsche (weapon)
first gun fired from the shoulder, a smoothbore matchlock with a stock resembling that of a rifle. The harquebus was invented in Spain in the mid-15th century. It was often fired from a support, against which the recoil was transferred from a hook on the gun. Its name seems to derive from German words meaning “hooked gun.” The bore varied, and its effective range was less than 650 fe...
Hackenfeller’s Ape (work by Brophy)
The daughter of the novelist John Brophy, she began writing at an early age. Her first novel, Hackenfeller’s Ape, was published in 1953. With her husband, the art historian Michael Levey, and the author and literary critic Charles Osborne, Brophy wrote the controversial Fifty Works of English and American Literature We Could Do Without (1967), which attacked many eminent liter...
Hackensack (New Jersey, United States)
city, seat (1713) of Bergen county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., on the Hackensack River, just west of the Hudson River and Manhattan Island, New York City. Originally settled by the Dutch in the 1640s, who called it ...
Hackensack Meadows (marsh area, New Jersey, United States)
The marshy area west of The Palisades (the Hackensack Meadows, popularly called the Meadowlands) and the Great Swamp of Morris county are relics of glacial lakes of the last Ice Age. The former is dominated by grasses, the latter by trees. The Meadowlands are managed to encourage wise land use and pollution abatement. The Great Swamp, one of several poorly drained areas in the Passaic River......
Hackenschmidt, George (Russian-British athlete)
professional wrestler who ranked with Tom Jenkins and Frank Gotch among the greatest in the history of freestyle, or catch-as-catch-can, wrestling. He also held several weight-lifting records....
hacker (computing)
A hacker who was wanted in the U.S. for alleged fraud and identity theft was arrested during a trip to France after having operated with impunity in Russia, a country long considered a haven for Internet criminals. Vladislav Horohorin, known online as BadB, held both Ukrainian and Israeli citizenship. Horohorin had been sought for months for allegedly operating Web sites for hackers who stole......
Hacker, Leonard (American actor)
American comedian and actor (b. Aug. 31, 1924, New York, N.Y. —d. June 30, 2003, Malibu, Calif.), garnered laughs for more than 50 years with a stand-up routine that utilized his physical features—pudgy physique, high-pitched voice, and rubbery face—and often featured raunchy jokes. A fixture in nightclubs and on television, he also acted in plays and movies, including It...
Hackett, Albert (American writer)
U.S. screenwriter and playwright (b. Feb. 16, 1900, New York, N.Y.--d. March 16, 1995, New York), collaborated with his first wife, Frances Goodrich, on more than 30 screenplays, many of them comedies and musicals, before the couple won a Pulitzer Prize for drama for The Diary of ...
Hackett, Bobby (American musician)
...Chattanooga Choo Choo and (I’ve Got a Gal in) Kalamazoo. Also notable was Wilbur Schwartz, whose lead lines on the clarinet were noted for purity of tone. Bobby Hackett was known as a jazz cornetist, although his style was considered too mellow for Miller’s brass section and he instead served as band guitarist; occasionally he got a cornet......
Hackett, Buddy (American actor)
American comedian and actor (b. Aug. 31, 1924, New York, N.Y. —d. June 30, 2003, Malibu, Calif.), garnered laughs for more than 50 years with a stand-up routine that utilized his physical features—pudgy physique, high-pitched voice, and rubbery face—and often featured raunchy jokes. A fixture in nightclubs and on television, he also acted in plays and movies, including It...
Hackett, James Henry (American actor)
American actor, important chiefly for his encouragement of drama in the United States....
Hackett, Steve (British musician)
...Phil Collins (b. Jan. 31, 1951London), and Steve Hackett (b. Feb. 12, 1950London). ...
Hackford, Taylor (American director)
...(1989) and Queen Charlotte in The Madness of King George (1994), a role for which she was nominated for a best supporting actress Oscar. In 1997 she married director Taylor Hackford. Two years later she appeared as the title character in The Passion of Ayn Rand....
hacking (rugby)
Representatives of several leading football clubs met in 1863 to try to devise a common set of rules for football. Disputes arose over handling the ball and “hacking,” the term given to the tactics of tripping an opponent and kicking his shins. Both handling and hacking were allowed under rugby’s rules but disallowed in other forms of football. Led by F.W. Campbell of Blackhea...
hacking (computing)
A hacker who was wanted in the U.S. for alleged fraud and identity theft was arrested during a trip to France after having operated with impunity in Russia, a country long considered a haven for Internet criminals. Vladislav Horohorin, known online as BadB, held both Ukrainian and Israeli citizenship. Horohorin had been sought for months for allegedly operating Web sites for hackers who stole......
Hackl, Georg (German luger)
German luger who was the only singles luger to win three consecutive Olympic gold medals (1992, 1994, and 1998). Hackl’s cool demeanour and ability to adapt his sled to race conditions forged his reputation as the dominant luger of his time....
hackle (mechanics)
...small mirror.) The edges of the mirror have a fine fibrous or misty texture, called the mist. Surrounding the mist are wider and deeper radial ridges, with slivers of glass lifted out. Known as the hackle, these ridges ultimately lead to crack branching. Fracture travels faster in a region that is under tensile stress than in a region of compression; severe compression causes the direction of.....
hackly fracture (crystallography)
...smooth, curved surfaces that resemble the interior of a seashell; it is commonly observed in quartz and glass. Splintery fracture is breakage into elongated fragments like splinters of wood, while hackly fracture is breakage along jagged surfaces....
Hackman, Eugene Alden (American actor)
American motion-picture actor known for his rugged appearance and his emotionally honest and natural performances. His solid dependability in a wide variety of roles endeared him to the public....
Hackman, Gene (American actor)
American motion-picture actor known for his rugged appearance and his emotionally honest and natural performances. His solid dependability in a wide variety of roles endeared him to the public....
hackmatack (tree)
The most widely distributed North American larch is tamarack, hackmatack, or eastern larch (L. laricina). The bracts on its small cones are hidden by the scales. Eastern larch trees mature in 100 to 200 years. This species may grow 12 to 20 metres (about 40 to 65 feet) tall and have gray to reddish-brown bark. A taller species, the western larch (L. occidentalis) of the Pacific......
Hackney (breed of horse)
stylish carriage horse breed, now used primarily as a show horse. It was developed in the 18th century by crossing Thoroughbreds with the Norfolk trotter, a large-sized trotting harness horse originating in and around Norfolk. An important sire was the Shales horse (about 1760)....
hackney (carriage for hire)
any carriage plying for hire, although hackney coach usually refers to a four-wheeled carriage drawn by two horses and holding six passengers. Hackneys were introduced into England early in the 17th century and may have been named for a section of London. In 1654 there were 300 licensed hackney coaches allowed in London and its environs, and ...
Hackney (borough, London, United Kingdom)
inner borough of London, in the historic county of Middlesex. Hackney lies north of the City of London and Tower Hamlets, and its eastern boundary is the River Lea. It was created a borough in 1965 by the amalgamation of the former...
hackney coach (carriage)
any carriage plying for hire, although hackney coach usually refers to a four-wheeled carriage drawn by two horses and holding six passengers. Hackneys were introduced into England early in the 17th century and may have been named for a section of London. In 1654 there were 300 licensed hackney coaches allowed in London and its environs, and by 1832 there were about 1,200....
Hackney pony
heavy harness pony breed derived from the cross of a Hackney horse and a Welsh pony, used almost entirely as a show pony. It has the conformation and high-stepping action of the Hackney horse. Hackney ponies are shown in classes determined by height, ...
hacksaw (tool)
The hand hacksaw has a U-shaped frame and blades 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) long, 1.25 cm (0.5 inch) wide, and 0.06 cm (0.025 inch) thick that close the U and are placed under tension by a screw adjustment in the handle. This saw is one of the most common tools in a machine shop and is used for cutting off solid parts held in a vise. Saws of this type are also used by butchers for cutting......
Hackworth, David Haskell (United States Army colonel)
colonel (ret.), U.S. Army (b. Nov. 11, 1930, Venice, Calif.—d. May 4, 2005, Tijuana, Mex.), was a highly decorated soldier and a scourge of the U.S. military establishment; he earned a reputation as a brilliant but rebellious battlefield commander. Hackworth lied to enlist in the army at age 15 and won a battlefield commission at 20 to become the youngest U.S. captain in the Korean War. He ...
Had (ancient god)
the Old Testament Rimmon, West Semitic god of storms, thunder, and rain, the consort of the goddess Atargatis. His attributes were identical with those of Adad of the Assyro-Babylonian pantheon. He was the chief baal (“lord”) of the West Semites (including both seden...
Hadad (people)
...from the imposed authority of Kanem’s successor state, Bornu, located southwest of Lake Chad. Some ethnic groups were not assimilated. The metallurgists of Kanem, for example, were apparently the Danoa (Haddad), who currently serve as blacksmiths among the Kanembu. Other groups resisted integration into the medieval kingdoms. The Yedina (Buduma) established themselves among the inaccessi...
Hadad (ancient god)
the Old Testament Rimmon, West Semitic god of storms, thunder, and rain, the consort of the goddess Atargatis. His attributes were identical with those of Adad of the Assyro-Babylonian pantheon. He was the chief baal (“lord”) of the West Semites (including both seden...
hadada (bird)
The hadada ibis, or hadada (Hagedashia hagedash), of Africa, is a greenish ibis known for its loud call....
hadada ibis (bird)
The hadada ibis, or hadada (Hagedashia hagedash), of Africa, is a greenish ibis known for its loud call....
hadal realm (oceanography)
...continental slope and rise. The abyssal zone (between 4,000 and 6,000 metres) represents a substantial portion of the oceans. The deepest region of the oceans (greater than 6,000 metres) is the hadal zone of the deep-sea trenches. Sediments of the deep sea primarily originate from a rain of dead marine organisms and their wastes....
hadal zone (oceanography)
...continental slope and rise. The abyssal zone (between 4,000 and 6,000 metres) represents a substantial portion of the oceans. The deepest region of the oceans (greater than 6,000 metres) is the hadal zone of the deep-sea trenches. Sediments of the deep sea primarily originate from a rain of dead marine organisms and their wastes....
Hadamard, Jacques-Salomon (French mathematician)
French mathematician who proved the prime number theorem, which states that as n approaches infinity, πぱい(n) approaches nln n, where πぱい(n) is the number of positive prime numbers not greater than n....
Hadang language
North Bahnaric language of the Mon-Khmer family, which is itself a part of the Austroasiatic stock. Sedang is spoken by some 110,000 people living in south-central Vietnam. The Tadrah language, spoken south of Sedang in the same region, may be a dialect but is usually considered a separate language. ...
Hadano (Japan)
city, Kanagawa ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, stretching between Tanzawa-yama (Mt. Tanzawa; north; 5,141 ft [1,567 m]) and the Hadano basin (south). It was a regional commercial centre during the Tokugawa era (1603–1867), when the cultivation of tobacco was introduced. The city is now a tobacco-trading centre, containing a processing plant of the Japanese Monopol...
Hadar (star)
second brightest star (after Alpha Centauri) in the southern constellation Centaurus and the 10th brightest star in the sky. Beta Centauri is 350 light-years from Earth. It is a system of three B-type stars. The two brightest stars orbit each other every 357 days and form a spectroscop...
Hadar (anthropological and archaeological site, Ethiopia)
site of paleoanthropological excavations in the lower Awash River valley in the Afar region of Ethiopia. It lies along the northernmost part of Africa’s Eastern (Great) Rift Valley, about 185 miles (300 km) northeast of Addis Ababa. The lower valley of the Awash River—i.e., the Hadar area—was designate...
Hadar (Algerian ethnic group)
...a bustling trade in agricultural products and textile (including silk), leather, and metal handicrafts and has some light industrial development. The population is sharply divided between the Hadars (the middle class, descended from the Moors) and the Koulouglis (descendants of Turks and Arab women), each living within its own sector. Pop. (2004 est.) 141,600....
ḥaḍar, al- (Arabian peoples)
An age-old antagonism exists between the settled peoples, al-ḥaḍar, and the nomadic or pastoral tribes, known as Bedouin (al-bādiyah), but many settled tribes also have nomadic branches. In Yemen, the fertile southwestern corner of Arabia containing more than one-third of its total population,......
Hadar remains (hominin remains)
The Hadar remains include partial skeletons of Australopithecus afarensis, a key species in human evolution. Major paleontological work began at Hadar in the early 1970s and was led by the American anthropologist Donald Johanson. His team discovered a 40-percent-complete female skeleton of A. afarensis that became popularly known as Lucy. Dated to 3.2 million years......
Hadassah (American organization)
American religious organization dedicated to preserving and promoting Jewish social and religious values in the United States and to strengthening ties between U.S. and Israeli Jewish communities....
Hadassah Medical Center (institution, Jerusalem)
The Hadassah Medical Centre at ʿEn Kerem, one of the most advanced institutions of its kind in the world, treats patients from throughout Israel, as well as from the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and Jordan, as does the Hadassah Hospital on Mount Scopus. Other hospitals include Shaʿare Tzedeq, which pays special attention to the requirements of Orthodox Jews; Biqur Ḥolim; St.......
Hadassah, the Women’s Zionist Organization of America (American organization)
American religious organization dedicated to preserving and promoting Jewish social and religious values in the United States and to strengthening ties between U.S. and Israeli Jewish communities....
ḥadd (Islamic law)
...French, Swiss, or English systems of justice. Traditional Islamic law (Sharīʿah) divides crimes into two general categories. Several serious offenses, known as ḥadd crimes, are specifically mentioned, along with their appropriate penalties, in the Qurʾān; the ḥadd punishment f...
Ḥadd, al- (Druze religion)
in the Druze religion, five cosmic principles that are emanations from God, the One. Al-Ḥākim, the 11th-century Fāṭimid caliph of Egypt deified by the Druzes, stands at the centre of the universe as the embodiment of the One. Ḥamzah ibn ʿAlī, a contemporary of al-Ḥākim, systematized the Druze relig...
Ḥadd, Al- (Bahrain)
...lies just north of Al-Muḥarraq city. Until shortly before Bahraini independence (1971), the air-field served as a Royal Air Force base, the country then being a British-protected state. Al-Ḥadd, another sizable town on the island, is on a spit at its southeast tip. South of Al-Ḥadd on a man-made island at the end of a 7-mile-long causeway is a shipbuilding yard and......
Hadda (ancient god)
the Old Testament Rimmon, West Semitic god of storms, thunder, and rain, the consort of the goddess Atargatis. His attributes were identical with those of Adad of the Assyro-Babylonian pantheon. He was the chief baal (“lord”) of the West Semites (including both seden...
Hadda Padda (play by Kamban)
...(1936; I See a Wondrous Land), a historical novel set in the 11th century that recounts the Viking expeditions to Greenland and America. Kamban’s first plays—Hadda Padda (1914; Eng. trans. Hadda Padda; filmed 1924) and Kongeglimen (1915; “Wrestling Before the King”)—are abo...
Haddad (people)
...from the imposed authority of Kanem’s successor state, Bornu, located southwest of Lake Chad. Some ethnic groups were not assimilated. The metallurgists of Kanem, for example, were apparently the Danoa (Haddad), who currently serve as blacksmiths among the Kanembu. Other groups resisted integration into the medieval kingdoms. The Yedina (Buduma) established themselves among the inaccessi...
Haddad, Malek (Algerian poet)
Algerian poet, novelist, and cultural adviser. Haddad abandoned law studies in Aix-en-Provence to write for French and Algerian weeklies and magazines during the Algerian war. His first published book was a collection of poetry, Le Malheur en danger (1956; “Trouble in Danger”). A second collection, Écoute et je t’appelle (1961; “Listen and I Will Ca...
Haddāwah (Ṣūfī order)
The great variety of possible forms may be seen by comparing the Haddāwah, vagabonds in Morocco, who “do not spoil God’s day by work” and the Shādhilīyah with a sober attitude toward professional life and careful introspection. Out of the Shādhilīyah developed the austere Darqāwīyah, who, in turn, produced the ʿAlā...
Haddeby (medieval trade centre, Denmark)
in medieval Danish history, trade centre at the southeastern base of the Jutland Peninsula on the Schlei estuary. It served as an early focus of national unification and as a crossroads for Western–Eastern European and European–Western Asian trade....
Hadden, Briton (American publisher)
A noteworthy book on magazine history published during the year was The Man Time Forgot by former Yale Daily News editor Isaiah Wilner. The book told the story of Briton Hadden, who in 1923 cofounded Time magazine with Yale classmate Henry Luce. Although Hadden played a significant role in shaping the magazine’s astonishing success, he died just six years later of a bra...
Haddington (Scotland, United Kingdom)
royal burgh (town), East Lothian council area and historic county, southeastern Scotland, on the left bank of the River Tyne. Lying in the direct route of English invaders from the south, the town, designated a royal burgh in 1130, was burned by forces...
Haddingtonshire (council area, Scotland, United Kingdom)
council area and historic county, southeastern Scotland. It lies on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth east of Edinburgh. Much of East Lothian is an undulating coastal lowland, but it extends inland to include part of the upland moors of the Lammermuir Hills. The council area and historic county occupy slightly differe...
Haddo, Methlick, Tarves, and Kellie, George Hamilton-Gordon, Lord (prime minister of United Kingdom)
British foreign secretary and prime minister (1852–55) whose government involved Great Britain in the Crimean War against Russia (1853–56)....
haddock (fish)
valuable North Atlantic food fish of the cod family, Gadidae, that is often smoked and sold as “finnan haddie.” The haddock is a bottom dweller and a carnivore, feeding on invertebrates and some fishes. It resembles the cod and, like its relative, has a chin...
Haddon, Alfred Cort (British anthropologist)
one of the founders of modern British anthropology. Virtually the sole exponent of anthropology at Cambridge for 30 years, it was largely through his work and especially his teaching that the subject assumed its place among the observational sciences....
Haddon, Elizabeth (American Quaker)
borough (town), Camden county, southwestern New Jersey, U.S., a southeastern suburb of Camden. First settled by Francis Collins in 1682, it was later named by Elizabeth Haddon, an English Quaker girl who settled there about 1701. The story of her romance with a Quaker missionary, John Estaugh, is told by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863). She lived to be 82,......
Haddonfield (borough, New Jersey, United States)
borough (town), Camden county, southwestern New Jersey, U.S., a southeastern suburb of Camden. First settled by Francis Collins in 1682, it was later named by Elizabeth Haddon, an English Quaker girl who settled there about 1701. The story of her romance with a Quaker missionary, John Es...
Haddu (ancient god)
the Old Testament Rimmon, West Semitic god of storms, thunder, and rain, the consort of the goddess Atargatis. His attributes were identical with those of Adad of the Assyro-Babylonian pantheon. He was the chief baal (“lord”) of the West Semites (including both seden...
Hadean Eon (geochronology)
informal division of Precambrian time occurring between about 4 billion and about 4.0 billion years ago. The Hadean Eon is characterized by Earth’s initial formation—from the accretion of dust and gases and the frequent collisions of larger planetesimals—and by the stabilization of its core...
Hadejia (Nigeria)
town and traditional emirate, eastern Jigawa state, northern Nigeria. It lies on the northern bank of the Hadejia River (a seasonal tributary of the Komadugu Yobe, which flows into Lake Chad). The emirate’s savanna area originally included Hadejia and six other small Hausa kingdoms that paid tribute...
Hadejia River (river, Nigeria)
...and south, Kano to the southwest, and Katsina to the northwest. The state consists mostly of plains covered by wooded savanna in the south and scrub vegetation in the north. It is drained by the Hadejia River, a seasonal stream that flows northeastward through the state. The state’s major crops include peanuts (groundnuts), sorghum, cotton, cowpeas, millet, and the rice grown in the rive...
Hadeland glass
In Denmark the Holmegaard glassworks and in Norway the Hadeland glassworks both followed in some respects the example of Swedish glass. At Holmegaard the movement began in the late 1920s with the appointment as art director of Jacob E. Bang, whose designs included an amount of striking engraved work, and was continued in the clean forms of his successor, Per Lütken. At Hadeland some......
Haden, Charles Edward (American musician)
American bass virtuoso and bandleader, one of the first improvisers to play free jazz and possibly its most influential bassist....
Haden, Charlie (American musician)
American bass virtuoso and bandleader, one of the first improvisers to play free jazz and possibly its most influential bassist....
Haden, Sir Francis Seymour (English artist)
English printmaking of the 19th century centred around two great personalities, Sir Francis Seymour Haden and his brother-in-law, James McNeill Whistler. Haden was a Victorian country gentleman, a surgeon who loved and collected etchings. He started to make prints in his leisure time—and ultimately produced over 200 plates. His etchings, sensitively observed documentations of his......
H̱adera (Israel)
city, western Israel. It lies on the Plain of Sharon midway between Tel Aviv–Yafo and Haifa, near the Mediterranean Sea. The first Jewish settlement on ...
H̱adera, Naẖal (river, Israel)
...coastal plain, H̱adera (from Arabic khadhīr, “green”) was founded in 1890 by Jewish immigrants from tsarist-ruled Poland and Lithuania. The seasonal watercourse Naẖal H̱adera (then called by its Arabic name of Nahr Mufjir), which flowed through the town, flooded the low-lying area annually during the winter rains and created malarial swamps.......
Haderslev (Denmark)
city, southeastern Jutland, Denmark. It lies along Haderslev Fjord 9 miles (14 km) from the Little Belt (strait). First recorded in 1228 and chartered in 1292, it suffered in the 15th-century wars between Schleswig (Slesvig) and Holstein and passed to Prussia with Schleswig in 1864. It was returned to Denmark with North Schleswig by a plebiscite in 1920. Two castles, built succe...
Hades (mythical place)
...bce), Hades is an underworld god, a chthonic personification of death whose realm, divided from the land of the living by a terrible river, resembles the Mesopotamian land of the dead. The house of Hades is a labyrinth of dark, cold, and joyless halls, surrounded by locked gates and guarded by the hellhound Cerberus. Hell’s queen, Persephone, resides there a prisoner. This ...
Hades (New Testament)
in the Greek Old Testament, translation of the Hebrew Sheol, the dwelling place of the dead. See hell....
Hades (Greek mythology)
(“the Rich”), in Greek religion, son of the Titans Cronus and Rhea, and brother of the deities Zeus and Poseidon. After Cronus was killed, the kingdom of the underworld fell by lot to Hades. There he ruled with his queen, Persephone, over the infernal powers and over the dead, in what was of...
Hadfield, Sir Robert Abbott, Baronet (British metallurgist)
British metallurgist who developed manganese steel, an alloy of exceptional durability that found uses in the construction of railroad rails and rock-crushing machinery....
Hadfield steel (metallurgy)
...These are austenitic steels that contain about 1.2 percent carbon and 12 percent manganese. The latter element is a strong austenizer; that is, it keeps steel austenitic at room temperature. Manganese steels are often called Hadfield steels, after their inventor, Robert Hadfield....
Hadhoxt Nask (Zoroastrian text)
...The Siroza enumerates the deities presiding over the 30 days of the month. The Yashts (hymns) are each addressed to one of 21 deities such as Mithra, Anahita, or Verethraghna. The Hadhoxt Nask (“Section Containing Sayings”) describes the fate of the soul after death. The Khūrda Avesta, or Small Avesta, is made up of minor texts....
Hadhramaut (region, Yemen)
region in east-central Yemen, on the Gulf of Aden. The region comprises a hilly area near the coast and an inland valley occupied by a seasonal watercourse, the Wadi Ḥaḍramawt, that runs parallel to the coast before turning southeastward to reach the sea. In its lower reaches this watercourse a...
Hadhramaut (ancient kingdom, Arabia)
ancient South Arabian kingdom that occupied what are now southern and southeastern Yemen and the present-day Sultanate of Oman (Muscat and Oman). Ḥaḍramawt maintained its political independence until late in the 3rd century ad, when it was con...
Ḥaḍhramaut, Wadi (river, Yemen)
...the Red Sea through five major watercourses (wadis) and, in the southern part, southward into the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea through three major watercourses. The largest of the latter is the Wadi Ḥaḍramawt (Hadhramaut Valley), which has been renowned since antiquity for its frankincense trees and which historically has been the locus of a number of sophisticated......