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Fair Deal (United States history)
in U.S. history, President Harry S. Truman’s liberal domestic reform program, the basic tenets of which he had outlined as early as 1945. In his first postwar message to Congress that year, Truman had called for expanded social security, new wages-and-hours and public-housing legislation, and a per...
Fair Employment Practices Committee (United States history)
...to the U.S. Supreme Court. (Parker was on record as being opposed to black suffrage.) At the outbreak of World War II, White assisted labour leader A. Philip Randolph in pressing for a U.S. Fair Employment Practices Committee (June 1941) that would act to ban discrimination in government and wartime industry....
Fair Game (motion picture [2010])
...in the United States. His ebullient portrayal of Milk earned him an Academy Award for best actor. Penn played another real-life figure, retired U.S. diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, in Fair Game (2010). The thriller was based on the 2003 scandal in which White House officials leaked the identity of Wilson’s wife—Valerie Plame, a covert CIA agent—in an all...
Fair Haven, The (work by Butler)
The Fair Haven (1873) is an ironical defense of Christianity, which under the guise of orthodox zeal undermines its miraculous foundations. Butler was dogged all through life by the sense of having been bamboozled by those who should have been his betters; he had been taken in by his parents and their religion; he was taken in again by friends, who returned neither the money nor the......
Fair Head (mountain, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)
Its northern and eastern parts were composed of the Antrim Mountains, an ancient basalt plateau of moorland and peat bogs cut by deep glens, ending at its northeastern corner in Fair Head (635 feet [194 m]), a perpendicular cliff. Collapse of the basalt caused the depression holding Lough Neagh, the largest inland lake in the British Isles. Prominent peaks in Antrim included Trostan (1,817......
Fair Hebe (work by Voyez)
...afterward, Wood appears to have employed Jean Voyez (c. 1740–after 1791), a modeler of French extraction who for a brief time had been employed by Wedgwood. Voyez probably modeled his “Fair Hebe” jug for Wood, and several models in the style of Paul-Louis Cyfflé of Lunéville may also be his....
Fair Helen (French operetta)
...of the collaborators Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy, whose work was set to music by Jacques Offenbach. La Belle Hélène (1864; Fair Helen), in which a frivolous pastiche of Classical legend is spiced by an acute satire on the manners, morals, and values of the court of Napoleon III, was the nearest thing to political......
Fair House, The (work by Cope)
...became a journalist in Durban and then in London. Unwelcome in England by 1940 because of his pacifism, he returned to South Africa to farming, shark fishing, and writing fiction. The Fair House (1955), a family history centring on the Zulu revolt of 1902, was the first of a series of novels that includes The Golden Oriole (1958), ......
Fair Isle (island, Scotland, United Kingdom)
...islands of Yell, Fetlar, and Unst, the most northerly island. One mile off the coast of Unst is the most northerly point in the United Kingdom, Muckle Flugga—a lighthouse and group of rocks. Fair Isle, 24 miles (39 km) south of Mainland, belongs to the National Trust for Scotland and has an important ornithological observatory. The scenery of the Shetland Islands is wild and beautiful,.....
Fair Labor Standards Act (United States [1938])
the first act in the United States prescribing nationwide compulsory federal regulation of wages and hours, sponsored by Sen. Robert F. Wagner of New York and signed on June 14, 1938, effective October 24. The law, applying to all industries engaged in interstate commerce...
Fair Maid of Perth, The (opera by Bizet)
...Pêcheurs de perles (The Pearl Fishers; first performed 1863) nor La Jolie Fille de Perth (1867; The Fair Maid of Perth) had a libretto capable of eliciting or focusing the latent musical and dramatic powers that Bizet eventually proved to possess. The chief interest of ......
Fair Margaret and Sweet William (folk ballad)
...and in late British tradition the supernatural tends to get worked out of the ballads by being rationalized: instead of the ghost of his jilted sweetheart appearing to Sweet William of “Fair Margaret and Sweet William” as he lies in bed with his bride, it is rather the dead girl’s image in a dream that kindles his fatal remorse. In addition to those ballads that turn on a.....
fair market value (finance)
Value may also be represented by the amount the company could obtain by selling its assets; this is known as fair market value. This sale price is seldom a good measure of the assets’ value to the company, however, because few companies are likely to keep many assets that are worth no more to the company than their market value. Continued ownership of an asset implies that its present value...
Fair Oaks, Battle of (United States history)
(May 31–June 1, 1862), in the American Civil War, two-day battle in the Peninsular Campaign, in which Confederate attacks were repulsed, fought 6 miles (10 km) east of the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. The Union Army of the Potomac was commanded by Major General George B. McClellan and the Confederates by General ...
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (United States legislation)
...part of its regulatory power from four laws: the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which established safety and purity standards and provided for factory inspection and for legal remedy; the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, which required honest, informative, and standardized labeling of products; the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act, which was designed to protect consumers......
Fair Penitent, The (play by Rowe)
fictional character, an unfeeling rake and libertine whose chief interest is seducing women. He appeared in The Fair Penitent (1703), a tragedy in blank verse by Nicholas Rowe. Writer Samuel Richardson used “haughty, gallant, gay Lothario” as the model for the profligate Robert Lovelace in his epistolary novel Clarissa (1747–48)....
Fair Quarrel, A (work by Middleton and Rowley)
Middleton’s tragicomedies are farfetched in plot but strong in dramatic situations. A Fair Quarrel (1616?, with Rowley, published 1617) contains one of Middleton’s few heroes, Captain Ager, with his conflicts of conscience. Most of Middleton’s other plays are comedies. He collaborated with Dekker in The Honest Whore (1604), and with Rowley and Philip Massinger in...
Fair Rosamond, The (English mistress)
a mistress of Henry II of England. She was the subject of many legends and stories....
Fair Stood the Wind for France (work by Bates)
...Greatest People in the World (1942) and How Sleep the Brave (1943), collections of stories that conveyed the feel of flying in wartime. Three novels published under his own name, Fair Stood the Wind for France (1944), about a British bomber crew forced down in occupied France, and two set in Burma (now Myanmar) during the Japanese invasion, The Purple Plain (1946)......
Fair Store (building, Chicago, Illinois, United States)
...was first used in the neighbouring Old Colony Building (1893) by the architects William Holabird and Martin Roche. The all-steel frame finally appeared in Jenney’s Ludington Building (1891) and the Fair Store (1892)....
Fair Trade Act (California, United States [1931])
...the practice was limited in interstate commerce to the mere suggestion of prices to dealers, without effective power of enforcement. A turning point came in the United States when the California Fair Trade Act of 1931 was amended in 1933 to include a so-called nonsigners’ clause, whereby prices agreed upon by a manufacturer and contracting dealers were made binding upon all resellers.......
fair use doctrine (law)
...distribute the work, to prepare derivative works, and to perform and display the work publicly. However, these rights were subject to numerous limitations, the most important of which was the “fair use” doctrine, which permitted the moderate use of copyrighted materials for purposes such as education, news reporting, criticism, parody, and even (in some contexts) home consumption,...
“fair youth” (acquaintance of Shakespeare)
person known only by his initials, to whom the first edition of William Shakespeare’s sonnets (1609) was dedicated:To the onlie begetter ofThese insuing sonnetsMr. W.H. all happinesseAnd that eternitiePromisedbyOur ever-living poetWisheth...
fair-trade law (economics)
in the United States, any law allowing manufacturers of branded or trademarked goods (or in some instances distributors of such products) to fix the actual or minimum resale prices of these goods by resellers. The designation “fair-trade law” is peculiar to the United States; the practice described in them is k...
fair-weather runoff
...the main groundwater level) and eventually empties into the channel. Runoff also includes groundwater that is discharged into a stream; streamflow that is composed entirely of groundwater is termed base flow, or fair-weather runoff, and it occurs where a stream channel intersects the water table....
Fairbairn, Sir Peter (British engineer)
...and the Conwy Bridge over the River Conwy. The Britannia Bridge, employing a type of box girder or plate girder that came into worldwide use, was partly riveted by hydraulic machines designed by Fairbairn....
Fairbairn, Sir William, 1st Baronet (British engineer)
Scottish civil engineer and inventor who did pioneering work in bridge design and in testing iron and finding new applications for it....
Fairbairn, Stephen (British oarsman)
British oarsman, coach, and writer who enjoyed great success at Cambridge University....
Fairbairn stroke (rowing)
...College in Australia, Fairbairn continued his education and first achieved rowing prominence at Jesus College, Cambridge. He rowed for Cambridge in the 1880s and in 1931 titled his autobiography Fairbairn of Jesus....
Fairbank, Alfred John (British calligrapher)
...script, based on the styles of Arrighi and Palatino, had already become quite popular in the United Kingdom; in 1952 the Society for Italic Handwriting was founded there by the English calligrapher Alfred Fairbank, a pupil of Graily Hewitt. Fairbank, who was undoubtedly the strongest advocate for the italic hand in the 20th century, published his first manual on learning italic handwriting in.....
Fairbank Drought (climatology)
The Great Drought was but one of several major periods of drought that have affected the same region in the past three millennia. Other periods of drought that have been identified are the Fairbank Drought of 500 bc and the Whitewater Drought of ad 300. Notably, all these dates appear to be related to major upheavals in the cultures of North and Central America....
Fairbanks (Maine, United States)
city, Aroostook county, northeastern Maine, U.S., on the Aroostook River and its affluent the Presque Isle Stream, near the New Brunswick (Canada) border, 163 miles (262 km) north-northeast of Bangor. Settled in the 1820s as Fairbanks, it was incorporated as a town in 1859 with a name indicative of a peninsula that was “almost an isla...
Fairbanks (Alaska, United States)
city, east-central Alaska, U.S. It lies along the Chena River (tributary of the Tanana), some 360 miles (580 km) north of Anchorage and about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Arctic Circle. The site was originally inhabited by nomadic Athabascan Indians. The city was founded in 1902 during a gold strike and named for Indian...
Fairbanks, Charles Warren (vice president of United States)
26th vice president of the United States (1905–09) in the Republican administration of President Theodore Roosevelt. He was sometimes referred to as “the last of America’s log-cabin statesmen.”...
Fairbanks, Douglas (American actor)
American motion picture actor and producer who was one of the first and greatest of the swashbuckling screen heroes. His athletic prowess, gallant romanticism, and natural sincerity made him “King of Hollywood” during the 1920s....
Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr. (American actor and producer)
American actor, socialite, and businessman (b. Dec. 9, 1909, New York, N.Y.—d. May 7, 2000, New York), had a successful film career before moving on to meritorious World War II service and later pursuing business interests and acting as executive producer and host of a television show as well as giving support to a nu...
Fairbanks House (building, Dedham, Massachusetts, United States)
...River, just southwest of Boston. One of the oldest inland settlements of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, it was founded in 1635 and named for Dedham, Essex, England, and incorporated in 1636. Its Fairbanks House (1636) is believed to be the oldest existing frame dwelling in the United States. A convention to draw up the Suffolk Resolves (protesting the Intolerable Acts of Britain against the......
Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium (museum, Saint Johnsbury, Vermont, United States)
The Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium features a collection of American birds, antique toys and tools, and African and Asian arts. The Maple Grove Museum has exhibits showing how maple sugar products are made. The St. Johnsbury Athenaeum (1873) displays 19th-century paintings with an emphasis on Hudson River subjects. Inc. 1853. Area 37 square miles (95 square km). Pop. (2000) 7,571; (2010)......
Fairbanks, Thaddeus (American inventor)
...French friend Michel-Guillaume-Saint-Jean de Crèvecoeur, who wrote Letters from an American Farmer (1782) under the pseudonym J. Hector St. John. The community’s growth began with Thaddeus Fairbanks’ invention (1830) of the platform scale; its development and manufacture became a leading enterprise. Other industries include the production of maple sugar, dairy proces...
Fairchild A-10A (aircraft)
...the Grumman A-6 Intruder, first flown in 1960; the U.S. Navy’s McDonnell Douglas A-4 Skyhawk, first flown in 1954; and the Ling-Temco-Vought A-7 Corsair, first flown in 1965. The Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II, a two-seat, twin-engine aircraft first flown in 1972, became in the mid-1970s the principal close-support attack aircraft of the U.S. Air Force. Its primary armament is a...
Fairchild, David Grandison (American botanist)
American botanist and agricultural explorer who supervised the introduction of many useful plants into the United States....
Fairchild, Mary Salome Cutler (American librarian and educator)
American librarian, a central figure in the establishment and teaching of the field of library science in the United States....
Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II (aircraft)
...the Grumman A-6 Intruder, first flown in 1960; the U.S. Navy’s McDonnell Douglas A-4 Skyhawk, first flown in 1954; and the Ling-Temco-Vought A-7 Corsair, first flown in 1965. The Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II, a two-seat, twin-engine aircraft first flown in 1972, became in the mid-1970s the principal close-support attack aircraft of the U.S. Air Force. Its primary armament is a...
Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation (American company)
American electronics company that shares credit with Texas Instruments Incorporated for the invention of the integrated circuit. Founded in 1957 in Santa Clara, California, Fairchild was among the earliest firms to successfully manufacture transistors and integrated circuits...
Fairey, C. R. (British manufacturer)
...to the winning speed of 145.62 miles (234.3 km) per hour in 1922, before the Curtiss machines took part in the event. The influence of the Curtiss engine extended to Europe when British manufacturer C.R. Fairey, impressed with the streamlining made possible by the D-12, acquired license rights to build the engine and designed a two-seat light bomber around it. The Fairey Fox, which entered......
Fairey Fox (aircraft)
...when British manufacturer C.R. Fairey, impressed with the streamlining made possible by the D-12, acquired license rights to build the engine and designed a two-seat light bomber around it. The Fairey Fox, which entered service in 1926, advanced the speed of Royal Air Force (RAF) bombers by 50 miles (80 km) per hour and was faster than contemporary fighters. Nor were British engine......
Fairey, Sir Richard (British manufacturer)
...to the winning speed of 145.62 miles (234.3 km) per hour in 1922, before the Curtiss machines took part in the event. The influence of the Curtiss engine extended to Europe when British manufacturer C.R. Fairey, impressed with the streamlining made possible by the D-12, acquired license rights to build the engine and designed a two-seat light bomber around it. The Fairey Fox, which entered......
Fairfax (Virginia, United States)
city, seat (1779) of Fairfax county (though administratively independent of it), northeastern Virginia, U.S., about 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Washington, D.C. It developed after 1799 with the construction of the county courthouse and relocation of the county seat from Alexandria. The wills of George and Martha Washington...
Fairfax (county, Virginia, United States)
city, seat (1779) of Fairfax county (though administratively independent of it), northeastern Virginia, U.S., about 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Washington, D.C. It developed after 1799 with the construction of the county courthouse and relocation of the county seat from Alexandria. The wills of George and Martha Washington...
Fairfax, Beatrice (American journalist)
American journalist, best known for her popular advice column that addressed matters of etiquette and personal concern....
Fairfax, Edward (British poet)
English poet whose Godfrey of Bulloigne or the Recoverie of Jerusalem (1600), a translation of Gerusalemme liberata, an epic poem by his Italian contemporary Torquato Tasso, won fame and was praised by John Dryden. Although translating stanza by stanza, Fairfax freely altered poetic detail. The poem influenced ...
Fairfax, Mrs. Alice (fictional character)
fictional character, the housekeeper at Thornfield Hall in the novel Jane Eyre (1847) by Charlotte Brontë. Fairfax, the widow of a former vicar of Hay, is pensioned off by Edward Rochester, master of Thornfield Hall, after he attempts a bigamous marriage with Jane Eyre....
Fairfax of Cameron, Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Baron (English general)
general who fought on the parliamentarian side in the English Civil Wars and who was father of Thomas, 3rd Baron Fairfax, and parliamentarian commander in chief....
Fairfax of Cameron, Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron (English general)
commander in chief of the Parliamentary army during the English Civil Wars between the Royalists and Parliamentarians. His tactical skill and personal courage helped bring about many of the Parliamentary victories in northern and southwestern England....
Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee (law case)
In a case involving a dispute over extensive lands, Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee (1813), the Supreme Court had reversed Virginia’s highest court and commanded it to enter a judgment in favour of the party originally ruled against. The Virginia court refused to obey the Supreme Court’s mandate, declaring that “the appellate power of the Supre...
Fairfield (county, Connecticut, United States)
county, southwestern Connecticut, U.S. It is bounded by Long Island Sound to the south, New York state to the west, and the Housatonic River to the east, and it includes several islands in the sound. Most of the county lies in an upland region forested with hardwoods, with only a narrow coastal pla...
Fairfield (Connecticut, United States)
urban town (township), Fairfield county, southwestern Connecticut, U.S., on Long Island Sound adjoining Bridgeport (northeast). It includes Southport, a village on Mill River. Possibly named for Fairfield, England, it was settled in 1639 by Roger Ludlow, who in 1637 had been a participant in the Pequot War that nearly destroyed the ...
Fairfield (California, United States)
city, seat (1858) of Solano county, north-central California, U.S. Adjoining Suisun City to the south, Fairfield is located 45 miles (70 km) northeast of San Francisco. The area, which lies between the foothills of the Coast Ranges and Suisun Bay, was inhabited by Suisun (Patwin) Indians, who were attacked by Spaniards in 1810. In the 1830s ...
Fairfield (Iowa, United States)
city, seat (1838) of Jefferson county, southeastern Iowa, U.S., halfway between Mount Pleasant (east) and Ottumwa (west). Settled in 1839, Fairfield was the site (1854) of the first Iowa State Fair (now held in Des Moines). It was named by an early settler, Mrs. Rhodam Bonnifield, for the natural beauty of the area. Railro...
Fairfield (county, South Carolina, United States)
county, central South Carolina, U.S., consisting of a hilly piedmont region. The Broad River forms the western boundary, and the Wateree River and Wateree Lake form part of the eastern boundary. Monticello Reservoir, Lake Wateree State Park, and the eastern portion of Sumter National Forest lie within Fairfield county....
Fairfield, Cicily Isabel (British writer)
British journalist, novelist, and critic, who was perhaps best known for her reports on the Nürnberg trials of war criminals (1945–46)....
Fairfield University (university, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States)
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Fairfield, Conn., U.S. It is affiliated with the Jesuit order of the Roman Catholic church. The university consists of the College of Arts and Sciences, the Graduate School of Education and Allied Professions, and the schools of business, nursing, engineering, and continui...
Fairhaven (Massachusetts, United States)
town (township), Bristol county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on Buzzards Bay across the Acushnet River from New Bedford. The site was settled in 1652 by John Cooke, who, with John Winslow, purchased a tract of land (Sconticut) from the Wampanoag Indian chief Massaso...
Fairhurst, Angus (British artist)
Oct. 4, 1966Pembury, Kent, Eng.March 29, 2008Bridge of Orchy, Argyll, Scot.British artist who was a founding member (with Damien Hirst and Sarah Lucas) of the Young British Artists group that dominated British art in the 1990s; he was perhaps best known for a series of artworks featuring br...
Fairies’ Stone (monument, Locmariaquer, France)
...on the coast of the Gulf of Morbihan, Morbihan département, Brittany région, western France, south of Auray. It is famous for its megalithic monuments, notably the Fairies’ Stone, a huge, broken standing stone, originally 66 feet (20 m) high—the greatest known menhir (upright monumental stone) in existence. Behind it is the Merchants’ Table, comp...
Fairies, The (opera by Wagner)
...in 1833. On leaving the university that year, he spent the summer as operatic coach at Würzburg, where he composed his first opera, Die Feen (The Fairies), based on a fantastic tale by Carlo Gozzi. He failed to get the opera produced at Leipzig and became conductor to a provincial theatrical troupe from Magdeburg, having fallen in.....
fairing (mechanics and ship design)
Traditionally, a lines plan, usually a 148 life-size scale drawing of a ship, was used by designers to calculate required hydrostatic, stability, and capacity conditions. Full-scale drawings formerly were obtained from the lines plan by redrawing it full size and preparing a platform of boards called a “scrive board” showing the length and shape of....
Fairleigh Dickinson University (university, New Jersey, United States)
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in northern New Jersey, U.S. It consists of three campuses. The Florham-Madison campus is the site of the Maxwell Becton College of Arts and Sciences and a branch of the Samuel J. Silberman College of Business Administration. The Teaneck-Hackensack campus is the centre of professional studies and includes a branch of the busi...
Fairlight CMI (music synthesizer)
...that enable a musician to digitize a sound waveform and then process it and play it back under musical control are called sampling instruments. The first commercial sampling instrument was the Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument (CMI), developed in Sydney, Australia, during the late 1970s. The Fairlight CMI was a general-purpose computer with peripheral devices that allowed the musician......
Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument (music synthesizer)
...that enable a musician to digitize a sound waveform and then process it and play it back under musical control are called sampling instruments. The first commercial sampling instrument was the Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument (CMI), developed in Sydney, Australia, during the late 1970s. The Fairlight CMI was a general-purpose computer with peripheral devices that allowed the musician......
Fairly Conventional Woman, A (novel by Shields)
...(1976) and The Box Garden (1977), are interconnected, concerning the choices made by two sisters. In Happenstance (1980) and A Fairly Conventional Woman (1982), Shields used overlapping narratives to escape the strictures of straightforward narrative told from a single perspective. Marketed in Canada as a crime......
Fairmont (West Virginia, United States)
city, seat (1842) of Marion county, northern West Virginia, U.S. It lies where the Tygart Valley River and the West Fork River come together to form the Monongahela River, approximately 19 miles (31 km) southwest of Morgantown. The original settlement (1793), near the Scioto-Monongahela ...
Fairmount (New Jersey, United States)
township (town), Essex county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., about 4 miles (6 km) northwest of Newark. It was part of Orange until set off in 1863 as the township of Fairmount (later renamed West Orange). The town is widely known for its association with the inventor Thomas A. Edison, who lived and worked there for more t...
Fairmount Bridge (bridge, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States)
...River at Washington, D.C. Like several of his early projects, this plan was too advanced for its time and was generally discouraged. In 1842 Ellet completed his wire-cable suspension bridge over the Schuylkill River at Philadelphia. Supported by five wire cables on each side, the bridge had a span of 358 feet (109 m)....
Fairmount College (university, Wichita, Kansas, United States)
public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Wichita, Kan., U.S. The university comprises the W. Frank Barton School of Business, Fairmount College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the Graduate School, and colleges of Education, Engineering, Fine Arts, and Health Professions. In addition to undergraduate studies, Wi...
Fairmount Park (park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States)
Benjamin Franklin Parkway provides a splendid vista as it cuts diagonally northwestward from Penn Square through the grid, encircling Logan Square and leading into Fairmount Park. The nation’s largest landscaped park within city limits and the centre of the Centennial Exposition of 1876, Fairmount is one of the most frequent foregrounds for photographs of Philadelphia’s skyline, addi...
Fairness Doctrine (United States policy)
...words, though such words are generally constitutionally protected outside the airwaves. It is also why the Supreme Court, in Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC (1969), upheld the “fairness doctrine,” which at the time required broadcasters to give time to people who wanted to present contrary viewpoints. But this extra government authority extends only to radio and......
Fairport Convention (British music group)
...and clarinet in school. He took up the guitar at age 16 and began writing songs two years later. In 1968 he was discovered at a London performance by Ashley Hutchings of the folk rock group Fairport Convention and shortly thereafter signed a contract with Island Records. Drake’s debut album, Five Leaves Left (1969), which was shepherded by Fairport Convention’s renowned pro...
Fairs Cup (soccer tournament)
A week earlier, on May 20, Shakhtar Donetsk of Ukraine and Germany’s Werder Bremen had faced off in the final of the last UEFA Cup. The match took place in the Sukru Saracoglu Stadium in Istanbul, the first time that a UEFA final had been held in Asia. Shakhtar adopted an attacking formation but with an isolated striker and took the lead in the 25th minute through a goal by Luiz Adriano. A ...
Fairs, John (British actor)
English actor-manager of London’s Garrick Theatre from 1889 to 1895, excelling in old men’s parts and recognized as the greatest character actor of his day....
Fairservis, W. A. (American archaeologist)
...using traditional settlements in the region in the present day for comparison. Hugh Trevor Lambrick proposed a figure of 35,000 for Mohenjo-daro and a roughly similar figure for Harappa, while Walter A. Fairservis estimated the former at about 41,250 and the latter about 23,500. These figures are probably conservative. It would be possible to produce estimates of the population for other......
Fairuz Sapur (ancient city, Iraq)
ancient Mesopotamian town located on the left bank of the Euphrates River, downstream from modern Ar-Ramādī in central Iraq. Originally called Massice and Fairuz Sapur, it was destroyed by the Roman emperor Julian in ad 363. ...
Fairview (California, United States)
city, Orange county, southern California, U.S. The city lies on a coastal plateau overlooking the Pacific Ocean, at the mouth of the Santa Ana River, 37 miles (60 km) southeast of Los Angeles. With Newport Beach it forms Orange county’s “Harbor Area.”...
Fairway (racehorse)
(foaled 1925), English racehorse (Thoroughbred) who, though a successful racer, became best known as a sire. An outstanding stud, he sired Blue Peter and Watling Street. Fairway was foaled by Scapa F...
fairway (golf)
The preferred line to the hole is generally a clear, mowed route called the fairway. The fairway was historically bordered by unmowed vegetation—heather, grasses, weeds, bushes—called rough. Most modern courses in the United States, however, are not characterized by deep and tangled rough and when inland make effective use of trees. At strategic places along the preferred line to......
Fairweather Fault (fault, North America)
...through the Alexander Archipelago and thence offshore along the coast of southeastern Alaska and western British Columbia. West of the St. Elias Mountains and Fairweather Range is the still-active Fairweather Fault, a northward extension of California’s coastal San Andreas Fault. The Fairweather Fault parallels the southeastern Alaska coast from Cape Spencer north and northwestward to th...
Fairweather, Ian (Australian painter)
Scottish-born Australian painter known both for his dramatic paintings that combined Chinese and Aboriginal influences and for his eccentric lifestyle....
Fairweather, Mount (mountain, North America)
highest peak (15,300 feet [4,663 metres]) in British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is located on the Alaska border in the Fairweather Range of the St. Elias Mountains, at the southern end of Tatshenshini-Alsek Wilderness Provincial Park in British Columbia and in western Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve...
Fairweather Range (mountain range, Alaska, United States)
At the southern end of the St. Elias Mountains, on a peninsula south of the Alsek River where it enters Dry Bay, rises the unique and spectacular fault-block mountain system of the Fairweather Range. Its ice-clad summit, only nine miles from the sea, is Mount Fairweather (15,300 feet). At the southern end of this range is the Brady Icefield, and east of the range is world-renowned Glacier Bay,......
fairy (folklore)
a mythical being of folklore and romance usually having magic powers and dwelling on earth in close relationship with humans. It can appear as a dwarf creature typically having green clothes and hair, living underground or in stone heaps, and characteristically exercising magic powers to benevolent ends; as a diminutive sprite commonly in the ...
fairy bluebird (bird)
two species of birds in the family Irenidae (order Passeriformes), both of striking blue coloration and both confined to semi-deciduous forests in Asia. The blue-backed, or Asian, fairy bluebird (Irena puella) lives in the wetter parts of India, the Himalayas, southwestern China, ...
fairy chess (chess composition)
The 20th century was marked by investigation of heterodox problems and greater elaboration of direct-mate problem themes. These problems, also called fairy chess, are distinguished from the orthodox problems considered so far by their unusual stipulations or by the use of nonstandard rules and pieces. Although most of the exploration of heterodox chess occurred in the 20th century, some forms......
Fairy Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland (work by Croker)
...which never gained wide popular appeal, though it influenced both literature and the study of the folk narrative. The brothers then published (in 1826) a translation of Thomas Crofton Croker’s Fairy Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland, prefacing the edition with a lengthy introduction of their own on fairy lore. At the same time, the Grimms gave their attention to the.....
fairy moth (insect)
...than 500 species; all females with an extensible, piercing ovipositor for inserting eggs into plant tissue.Family Incurvariidae (fairy, or leafcutter, moths)Approximately 100 species worldwide; many are small brilliantly coloured diurnal flower visitors; male antennae often several times as long as......
fairy penguin (bird)
The stocky, short-legged appearance of penguins has endeared them to people worldwide. They range from about 35 cm (14 inches) in height and approximately 1 kg (about 2 pounds) in weight, in the little blue, or fairy, penguin (Eudyptula minor) to 115 cm (45 inches) and 25 to 40 kg (55 to 90 pounds) in the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri). Most are black on the back and white......
fairy pitta (bird)
Although pittas are tropical birds, they are migratory—not to escape harsh winters but to exploit the long days and plentiful insects of the higher latitudes’ summers. For instance, the fairy pitta (P. nympha) breeds in Japan, Korea, and eastern China but winters much farther south in Borneo....
fairy prion (bird)
The smallest of the four species is the fairy prion (P. turtur), about 20 cm (8 inches) long; the largest is the broad-billed prion (P. forsteri) at about 27 cm. Most of the prions breed in burrows on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands. The broad-billed prion is more northerly in distribution, breeding on islands located between 35° and 60° S. A related bird, the......
Fairy Queen, The (anonymous work)
...by John Fletcher and Philip Massinger; for King Arthur (1691), by John Dryden, designed from the first as an entertainment with music; and for The Fairy Queen (1692), an anonymous adaptation of Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, in which the texts set to music are all interpolations. In t...
fairy ring (mycology)
a naturally occurring circular ring of mushrooms on a lawn or other location. A fairy ring starts when the mycelium (spawn) of a mushroom falls in a favourable spot and sends out a subterranean network of fine, tubular threads called hyphae. The hyphae grow out from the spore evenly in all directions, forming a circular mat of underground hyphal threads. The mushrooms that grow...
fairy ring mushroom (fungus)
...fairy rings commonly formed by the field mushroom (Agaricus campestris) often measure about 6 feet (2 m) in diameter. Marasmius oreades, which is commonly known as the fairy ring mushroom, forms very large but irregular rings that may attain a diameter of 1,200 feet (365 m)....