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Tembu (people)
Bantu-speaking people who inhabit the upper reaches of the Mzimvubu River in Eastern province, South Africa. The Tembu speak a dialect of Xhosa, a Bantu language of the Nguni group that is closely related to Zulu....
Temelín (Czech Republic)
...late 1990s of an oil pipeline that transports oil from the port of Trieste, Italy, allowed the Czech Republic to be less reliant on Russian oil sources. Nuclear power plants located in Dukovany and Temelín, as well as nuclear power from Slovakia, have reduced the country’s dependence on coal only slightly; about three-fourths of the Czech Republic’s electricity is derived f...
Temen (people)
group of some 1.6 million people of central and northwestern Sierra Leone who speak a language (also called Temne) of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Temne are mainly farmers whose staple crop is rice, supplemented by peanuts (groundnuts), cotton, cassava, and millet; ...
temenggong (Malayan official)
in the traditional Malay states, an official who was responsible for maintaining law and order and for commanding the police and army. This important nonhereditary position became delineated during the development of the 15th-century Malaccan state, which emerged as an intermediate point in the trade between India, China, and Southeast Asia...
temenos (Greek religion)
...earliest times deities were worshipped in awesome places such as groves, caves, or mountaintops. Mycenaean deities shared the king’s palace. Fundamental was the precinct (temenos) allotted to the deity, containing the altar, temple (if any), and other sacral or natural features, such as the sacred olive in the temenos...
Temerloh (Malaysia)
town, central Peninsular (West) Malaysia, on the Pahang River. The town’s residents are primarily engaged in rubber tapping and paddy (rice) farming. Local villagers ferry downriver to trade their produce at a market near the town mosque. Temerloh is a transit point for ferries bound for Pekan on th...
Temes River (river, Europe)
river, rising in the Cernei Mountains at the western end of the Southern Carpathian Mountains in Romania, and flowing north, west, then south in an arc through Caransebeş and Lugoj to enter the Danube River at Pančevo, east of Belgrade, Serbia, after a course of 211 miles (340 km). Its exit from the Carpathians, via the Domaneşnea gap, for...
Temeser Banat (historical region, Europe)
ethnically mixed historic region of eastern Europe; it is bounded by Transylvania and Walachia in the east, by the Tisza River in the west, by the Mures River in the north, and by the Danube River...
Temesiensis (Romania)
city, capital of Timiș județ (county), western Romania. The city lies along the canalized Bega River....
Temesvár (Romania)
city, capital of Timiș județ (county), western Romania. The city lies along the canalized Bega River....
Temiar language
subbranch of the Aslian branch of the Mon-Khmer language family, itself a part of the Austroasiatic stock. The main languages, Semai and Temiar, are spoken in the Main Range of the Malay Peninsula. Together their speakers number some 33,000....
Temin, Howard Martin (American virologist)
American virologist who in 1975 shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with his former professor Renato Dulbecco and another of Dulbecco’s students, David Baltimore, for his codiscovery of the enzyme reverse transcriptase....
Temirtau (Kazakhstan)
city, east-central Kazakhstan. It lies on the Samarkand Reservoir of the Nura River. The settlement, a satellite city of Qaraghandy (Karaganda), came into being when the reservoir was built in 1934; until 1945 it was called Samarkandsky. Later, small industrial plants were built there. In World War II a steel mill using ...
Temirtaū (Kazakhstan)
city, east-central Kazakhstan. It lies on the Samarkand Reservoir of the Nura River. The settlement, a satellite city of Qaraghandy (Karaganda), came into being when the reservoir was built in 1934; until 1945 it was called Samarkandsky. Later, small industrial plants were built there. In World War II a steel mill using ...
Temiskaming Shores (Ontario, Canada)
city, Timiskaming district, eastern Ontario, Canada, at the northern end of Lake Timiskaming (an expansion of the Ottawa River), near the Quebec border. Originally known as Thornloe, the town developed on land that the provincial government opened for settlement in 1822. It was renamed ...
Temman Shrine (shrine, Ōsaka, Japan)
A major festival honouring Tenjin is held annually on July 25 at the Temman Shrine in Ōsaka. There are also numerous local shrines throughout Japan at which schoolchildren buy amulets for luck during the period of school entrance examinations in the spring....
Temmei era (Japanese history)
...disasters occurred in his time, however, and peasant protests rose to more than 50 per year during the 1780s. A great eruption of Mount Asama in 1783 was followed by a widespread famine during the Temmei era (1783–87), in which large numbers of people starved to death. An uncommon number of crop failures, fires, epidemics, and droughts reconfirmed peoples’ sense of divine displeas...
Temminck’s cat (mammal)
either of two cats of the family Felidae: the African golden cat (Profelis aurata), or the Asian golden cat (Catopuma temminckii), also known as Temminck’s cat....
temmoku ware (Chinese pottery)
dark brown or blackish Chinese stoneware made for domestic use chiefly during the Song dynasty (960–1279) and into the early 14th century. Jian ware was made in Fujian province, first in kilns at Jian’an and later at Jianyang....
Temmu (emperor of Japan)
...a written document that recounted the mythology and legendary history of Japan in a form biassed in favour of the clan concerned. These family documents were collected at the command of the emperor Temmu (672–686) and were used as basic materials for the compilation of the first national chronicles of Japan, the Kojiki (712; “Records of Ancient Matters”) and the......
Temne (people)
group of some 1.6 million people of central and northwestern Sierra Leone who speak a language (also called Temne) of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Temne are mainly farmers whose staple crop is rice, supplemented by peanuts (groundnuts), cotton, cassava, and millet; ...
Temne language
group of some 1.6 million people of central and northwestern Sierra Leone who speak a language (also called Temne) of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Temne are mainly farmers whose staple crop is rice, supplemented by peanuts (groundnuts), cotton, cassava, and millet; cash crops are palm kernels and kola nuts. Rice, cattle, and goats are also important. The household consists......
temnocephalid (flatworm)
In general, free-living flatworms (the turbellarians) can occur wherever there is moisture. Except for the temnocephalids, flatworms are cosmopolitan in distribution. They occur in both fresh water and salt water and occasionally in moist terrestrial habitats, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The temnocephalids, which are parasitic on freshwater crustaceans, occur primarily in......
temnospondyl (amphibian order)
...of modern amphibians (frogs, salamanders, and caecilians) was controversial primarily because of the large gaps in the fossil record between modern forms and two possible ancestral groups, the Temnospondyli and Lepospondyli. A newly reported temnospondyl fossil, Gerobatrachus hottoni, from the Early Permian of Texas showed characters found in both frogs and salamanders and therefore......
Temnospondyli (amphibian order)
...of modern amphibians (frogs, salamanders, and caecilians) was controversial primarily because of the large gaps in the fossil record between modern forms and two possible ancestral groups, the Temnospondyli and Lepospondyli. A newly reported temnospondyl fossil, Gerobatrachus hottoni, from the Early Permian of Texas showed characters found in both frogs and salamanders and therefore......
Temnothorax (insect genus)
...laying her own eggs, which are cared for by the “enslaved” Tapinoma workers. Workers of the slave-making ant Protomognathus americanus raid nests of Temnothorax ants, stealing the latter’s pupae. The pupae are raised by P. americanus to serve as slaves, and, because the Temnothorax pupae become imprinted...
Temora (poem by Macpherson)
...Blair, he published Fragments of Ancient Poetry…Translated from the Gallic or Erse Language (1760), Fingal (1762), and Temora (1763), claiming that much of their content was based on a 3rd-century Gaelic poet, Ossian. No Gaelic manuscripts date back beyond the 10th century. The authenticity of Ossian was......
Temora (New South Wales, Australia)
town, south-central New South Wales, Australia. It lies in the Western Slopes district of the fertile Riverina. Founded in 1879 during a gold rush, the town derives its name from a Celtic term meaning “an eminence commanding a wide view.” Proclaimed a municipality in 1891, it is now a major r...
Tempe (Arizona, United States)
city, Maricopa county, south-central Arizona, U.S. It lies along the Salt River and is a southern suburb of Phoenix. First settled (1872) by Charles Hayden, father of former Arizona senator Carl Hayden, it was called Hayden’s Ferry until renamed in 1880 for the Vale of Tempe, Greece. It is the site of Arizona State University...
Tempe, Vale of (valley, Greece)
narrow valley between the southern Olympus (Modern Greek: Ólympos) and northern Ossa (Kíssavos or Óssa) massifs of northeastern Thessaly (Thessalía), Greece. The valley is lined by cliffs that rise to 1,650 feet (500 m) on the south; in places it is only 90 to 165 feet (27 to 50 m) wide, and it is only about 6 miles (10 km) long. The Pineiós (a...
Tempel 1 (comet)
On July 4, 2005, after a journey of more than 431 million km (268 million mi), NASA’s Deep Impact space probe fired a 370-kg (816-lb) copper projectile, or impactor, into the nucleus of Comet Tempel 1, which was only about 14 km (8.7 mi) wide and 4 km (2.5 mi) long. The crash excavated a crater about 30 m (about 100 ft) deep and 100 m (about 325 ft) across. Cameras aboard the main spacecraf...
Tempel-Tuttle Comet (astronomy)
...showers (see meteoritics). It was later established that very strong Leonid showers recur at 33–34-year intervals (the orbital period of its associated comet, Tempel-Tuttle), and occasional records of its appearances have been traced back to about ad 902. Since about 1945, radar observations have revealed meteor showers regularly occurring ...
Tempelhof (area, Berlin, Germany)
area of Berlin, Germany. It is the site of an airport that became well known during the Soviet blockade of West Berlin (1948–49; see Berlin blockade and airlift); the airport was enlarged to serve as the main ...
Tempelhof Central Airport (airport, Berlin, Germany)
...DC-3, during the late 1930s that extensive takeoff and landing distances were needed. Even then, the prewar airfields at New York City (La Guardia), London (Croydon), Paris (Le Bourget), and Berlin (Tempelhof) were laid out on sites close to the city centres. Because even transport aircraft of the period were relatively light, paved runways were a rarity. Croydon, Tempelhof, and Le Bourget, for...
tempera painting
painting executed with pigment ground in a water-miscible medium. The word tempera originally came from the verb temper—(“to bring to a desired consistency”). Dry pigments are made usable by “tempering” them with a binding and adhesive vehicle. Such painting was distinguished from fresco painting...
temperament (personality)
in psychology, an aspect of personality concerned with emotional dispositions and reactions and their speed and intensity; the term often is used to refer to the prevailing mood or mood pattern of a person. The notion of temperament in this sense originated with Galen, the Greek physician of the 2nd century ad, who developed it from an earlier physiological theory...
temperament (music)
in music, the adjustment of one sound source, such as a voice or string, to produce a desired pitch in relation to a given pitch, and the modification of that tuning to lessen dissonance. The determination of pitch, the quality of sound that is described as ‘high” or “low,” is b...
Temperance Brennan (fictional character)
In the late 1980s Reichs wrote a novel, which was not published. She reworked the novel in the mid-1990s, salvaging only the main character, forensic anthropologist Temperance Brennan, from the earlier manuscript. In Brennan, Reichs created a memorable protagonist whose professional life paralleled her own. She gave meticulous accounts of Brennan’s forensic investigations, details of which ...
temperance movement (social history)
movement dedicated to promoting moderation and, more often, complete abstinence in the use of intoxicating liquor. Although an abstinence pledge had been introduced by churches as early as 1800, the earliest temperance organizations seem to have been those founded at Saratoga, New York, in 1808 and in Massachusetts in 1813. The movement spread rapidly under the influence of the churches; by 1833 t...
Temperantia Dish (pewter by Briot)
...which was used in a variety of ways and can be thought of as the leitmotif for the work of this group of artists. The master of relief pewter was François Briot. His most famous piece is the Temperantia Dish, which takes its name from the allegorical figure of Temperance or Temperantia that appears in the centre of it. It dates from 1585–90....
temperate bass (fish)
...1,000–1,200 metres (3,300–4,000 feet) deep. More than 6 infraorbital bones. About 6 genera, about 25 species.Family Moronidae (temperate basses)Eocene to present. 2 dorsal fins connected at their bases. Most species slim-looking basses; well-known food and game fishes such as striped...
temperate climate (meteorology)
The temperate climates have a greater range of temperatures than the tropical climates and may include extreme climatic variations. These climates, characterized by lower winter temperatures, are south of the Tropic of Capricorn (in Paraguay, parts of Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile) and in the mid-level elevations of the Andes. On the Atlantic side, temperatures in the warmest month......
temperate deciduous forest (botany)
Deciduous forests are found in regions of the Northern Hemisphere that have moist, warm summers and frosty winters—primarily eastern North America, eastern Asia, and western Europe. In contrast, evergreen forests—excepting boreal forests, which are covered in boreal forest—typically grow in areas with mild, nearly frost-free winters. They fall into two......
temperate desert
Temperate or cold deserts occur in temperate regions at higher latitudes—and therefore colder temperatures—than those at which hot deserts are found. These dry environments are caused by either remoteness from the coast, which results in low atmospheric humidity from a lack of onshore winds, or the presence of high mountains separating the desert from the coast. The largest area of.....
temperate evergreen forest (botany)
The milder environments that support temperate evergreen forests generally lie closer to the Equator than do areas with temperate deciduous forest. They have richer biotas than the sclerophyllous or deciduous forests that grow in more stressful environments at similar latitudes, although they are less rich than the tropical rainforests where environmental stress is at a minimum throughout the......
temperate forest (ecology)
vegetation type with a more or less continuous canopy of broad-leaved trees. Such forests occur between approximately 25° and 50° latitude in both hemispheres (see ). Toward the polar regions they grade into boreal forests...
temperate glacier
...its mass for the entire year; a subpolar (or polythermal) glacier contains ice below the freezing temperature, except for surface melting in the summer and a basal layer of temperate ice; and a temperate glacier is at the melting temperature throughout its mass, but surface freezing occurs in winter. A polar or subpolar glacier may be frozen to its bed (cold-based), or it may be at the......
temperate grassland (geography)
...grassland—those resulting from climatic dryness—can be classified into two broad categories: tropical grasslands, which generally lie between the belts of tropical forest and desert; and temperate grasslands, which generally lie between deserts and temperate forests. Tropical grasslands occur in the same regions as savannas, and the distinction between these two vegetation types i...
temperate ocean bass (fish)
...lateral line nerves on the head. 1 genus (Scombrops) with 3 species, sometimes classified in the Pomatomidae.Family Acropomatidae (temperate ocean basses)Rare deepwater marine species similar to scombropids; anus located anteriorly from normal position at front of anal fin. Light organs pre...
temperate phage (virus)
Some bacterial viruses, called temperate phages, carry DNA that can act as an episome. A bacterial cell into whose chromosome the viral DNA has become integrated is called a prophage. See lysogeny....
temperate rain climate
Through a major portion of the middle and high latitudes (mostly from 25° to 70° N and S) lies a group of climates classified within the Köppen scheme as C and D types. Most of these regions lie beneath the upper-level, mid-latitude westerlies throughout the year, and it is in the seasonal variations in location and intensity of these winds and their associated features that t...
temperate rain forest (botany)
The milder environments that support temperate evergreen forests generally lie closer to the Equator than do areas with temperate deciduous forest. They have richer biotas than the sclerophyllous or deciduous forests that grow in more stressful environments at similar latitudes, although they are less rich than the tropical rainforests where environmental stress is at a minimum throughout the......
temperate rainforest (botany)
The milder environments that support temperate evergreen forests generally lie closer to the Equator than do areas with temperate deciduous forest. They have richer biotas than the sclerophyllous or deciduous forests that grow in more stressful environments at similar latitudes, although they are less rich than the tropical rainforests where environmental stress is at a minimum throughout the......
temperate virus (biology)
...of progeny viruses can be rapid. This cycle of infection often results in the death of the cell and the release of many virus progeny. Certain viruses, particularly bacteriophages, are called temperate (or latent) because the infection does not immediately result in cell death. The viral genetic material remains dormant or is actually integrated into the genome of the host cell. Cells......
temperate zone (geography)
...The Tropical Zone, which arcs east and west across the northern margin of the continent and extends halfway down the eastern seaboard, has a mainly dry monsoonal climate, with some wet regions. The Temperate Zone, with a cool-to-warm (temperate-to-subtropical) climate and precipitation mostly in winter, is arced across the southern margin, embracing Tasmania and extending up the eastern......
temperature (physics)
measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several arbitrary scales and indicating the direction in which heat energy will spontaneously flow, i.e., from a hotter body (one at a higher temperature) to a colder body (one at a lower temperature). Temperature is not the equivalent of the energy of a th...
temperature change (weather)
Many interesting short-term temperature fluctuations also occur, usually in connection with local weather disturbances. The rapid passage of a mid-latitude cold front, for example, can drop temperatures by 10 °C (18 °F) in a few minutes and, if followed by the sustained movement of a cold air mass, by as much as 50 °C in 24 hours, with life-threatening implications for the unw...
temperature control
Atmosphere-control systems in low-rise residential buildings use natural gas, fuel oil, or electric resistance coils as central heat sources; usually the heat generated is distributed to the occupied spaces by a fluid medium, either air or water. Electric resistance coils are also used to heat living spaces directly with radiant energy. Forced-air distribution moves the heat-bearing air through......
temperature inversion (meteorology)
a reversal of the normal behaviour of temperature in the troposphere (the region of the atmosphere nearest the Earth’s surface), in which a layer of cool air at the surface is overlain by a layer of warmer air. (Under normal conditions air temperature usually decreases with height.)...
temperature lapse rate (meteorology)
rate of change in temperature observed while moving upward through the Earth’s atmosphere. The lapse rate is considered positive when the temperature decreases with elevation, zero when the temperature is constant with elevation, and negative when the temperature increases with elevation (temperature inversion). The lapse rate of nonrising air—commonly referred to ...
temperature scale (physics)
rate of change in temperature observed while moving upward through the Earth’s atmosphere. The lapse rate is considered positive when the temperature decreases with elevation, zero when the temperature is constant with elevation, and negative when the temperature increases with elevation (temperature inversion). The lapse rate of nonrising air—commonly referred to ...
temperature stress (physiology)
physiological stress induced by excessive heat or cold that can impair functioning and cause injury or death. Exposure to intense heat increases body temperature and pulse rate. If body temperature is sufficiently high, sweating may cease, the skin may become dry, and deeper and faster breathing may follow. Headaches, nausea...
temperature-dependent sex determination (reproduction)
...(ESD) is the collective term for all factors (such as temperature, moisture, and others) that affect the ratio of males to females produced in a given clutch of eggs or a litter of neonates. Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), discovered in the early 1970s, is the most researched of these factors. The sex of the offspring in species with TSD is influenced by the temperature......
temperature-humidity index (meteorological measurement)
combination of temperature and humidity that is a measure of the degree of discomfort experienced by an individual in warm weather; it was originally called the discomfort index. The index is essentially an effective temperature based on ...
temperature-jump relaxation technique (chemistry)
To summarize and clarify this discussion, a temperature-jump relaxation experiment—an important technique in relaxation studies—will be described. In this technique the equilibrium of a system is disrupted by suddenly changing the temperature and observing the concentrations of the reactants as a function of time. The name “temperature jump” is usually reserved for the....
temperature-programmed gas chromatography (chemistry)
...The well-resolved, highly volatile solutes are removed from the column at the lower temperatures before the low-volatility solutes leave the origin at the column inlet. This technique is termed temperature-programmed gas chromatography....
temperature-salinity diagram
Plotting the temperature and salinity of a sample of seawater on a graph with linear axes (a T–S diagram) can be a powerful research tool. A mass of fully mixed water having a homogeneous distribution of temperature and salinity would plot as a single point on a T–S diagram. For actual water masses it is common to find that points plotted for samples taken from different depths plot....
tempering (foodstuffs)
When the meats are in frozen state—that is, at temperatures between -18° and -23° C (0° and -10° F)—they are tempered before cutting. Tempering involves warming the frozen meats to temperatures slightly below their freezing point—for example, between -4° and -1° C (25° and 30° F). Tempering of frozen foods is often carrie...
tempering (metallurgy)
in metallurgy, process of improving the characteristics of a metal, especially steel, by heating it to a high temperature, though below the melting point, then cooling it, usually in air. The process has the effect of toughening by lessening brittleness and reducing internal stresses. Suitable temperature...
Tempest (film by Taylor [1928])
...Benjamin Glazer for 7th HeavenTitle Writing: Joseph FarnhamCinematography: Charles Rosher and Karl Struss for SunriseArt Direction: William Cameron Menzies for The Dove and TempestHonorary Award: Charlie Chaplin for The Circus, Warner Bros. for The Jazz Singer Two “Special Awards” were bestowed in the first year of the Oscars. The winners....
Tempest (British aircraft)
While resolving the Typhoon’s design problems, Hawker obtained approval for an extensively redesigned version, the Tempest, that first flew in September 1942 and entered squadron service in the spring of 1944. The Tempest, with a larger wing of much thinner section, was the fastest piston-engined fighter of World War II at low altitudes, capable of 435 miles (700 km) per hour in level fligh...
Tempest, Dame Marie (British actress)
English actress, known as “the queen of her profession,” who had a 55-year career as a star of light opera and legitimate comedy....
Tempest II (British aircraft)
The Typhoon was retired from service at war’s end, but later versions of the Tempest—including the Tempest II, powered by a 2,400-horsepower, 18-cylinder, air-cooled Bristol Centaurus radial engine—served with the Royal Air Force into the early 1950s. The naval version of the Tempest II, the Sea Fury, entered service as a carrier-fighter with the Royal Navy in 1948 and saw com...
Tempest, Mount (dune, Queensland, Australia)
...It is about 25 miles (40 km) long by 5 miles (8 km) wide. The island’s sand dunes, originally wind-formed but now fixed by vegetation, may be the world’s loftiest, rising to 912 feet (278 metres) at Mount Tempest. In 1770 Captain James Cook, the British navigator, visited the island, which he thought to be a peninsula, and named its northwest extremity Cape Moreton. The British na...
Tempest Tales, The (novel by Mosley)
...revisited the setting of Los Angeles in the 1950s. In 2008 he published Diablerie, a novel about a reformed alcoholic who confronts a violent secret from his past, and The Tempest Tales, which centres on a dead man whose refusal to accept St. Peter’s judgment results in him being returned to earth. Mosley adapted the latter work into his first play, ...
Tempest, The (painting by Kokoschka)
...dedicated Symphony No. 8 to her. After his death in 1911 Alma had an affair with Oskar Kokoschka, who painted her many times, most notably in The Tempest (1914; Die Windsbraut). In 1915 she married the architect Walter Gropius; they were divorced after World War I. She married the writer Franz Werfel in 1929.....
Tempest, The (painting by Giorgione)
The Tempest is a milestone in Renaissance landscape painting, with its dramatization of a storm about to break. Here is the kind of poetic interpretation of nature that the Renaissance writers Pietro Bembo and Jacopo Sannazzaro evoked. This feeling for nature is probably also intimately related to, though not directly derived from, the philosophical......
Tempest, The (work by Shakespeare)
drama in five acts by William Shakespeare, first written and performed about 1611 and published in the First Folio of 1623 from an edited transcript, by Ralph Crane (scrivener of the King’s Men), of the author’s papers after they had been annotated for production....
Tempest, The (opera by Shadwell and Locke)
...considered the first English opera. Other stage works were music for Thomas Shadwell’s Psyche (1675), for Davenant’s version of Macbeth (revised 1673), and for Shadwell’s version of The Tempest (1674). In The Tempest Locke used for the first time in English music directions such as “soft” and “louder by degrees” and in...
Tempesta, Antonio (Italian artist)
...the late 18th century. Characteristic Clérissy faience, which is blue and white, falls into two periods: in the early period (1680–1710), decoration was inspired by the engravings of Antonio Tempesta (d. 1630); in the later period (1710–40), by the engravings of Jean Bérain the Elder (1638–1711), whose designs greatly influenced French decorative art at the......
Tempête, La (ballet by Coralli)
...in Naples, Berlin, and London brought her international fame. After three months of intensive study with Auguste Vestris, she made her Paris Opéra debut in 1834 in Jean Co-alli’s ballet La Tempête, derived from William Shakespeare’s The Tempest. Her immediate success divided Parisian balletomanes into two camps, since the warmth and spontaneity of her d...
Tempier, Étienne (bishop of Paris)
...at Paris over Aristotelianism. Bonaventure, the minister general of the Order of Friars Minor, and Aquinas, head of the Dominicans, both attacked Siger’s teachings. In 1270 the bishop of Paris, Étienne Tempier, condemned 13 errors in the teaching of Siger and his partisans. Six years later the inquisitor of the Roman Catholic Church in France summoned Siger and two others suspecte...
Tempietto (chapel, Rome, Italy)
small circular chapel erected in the courtyard of San Pietro in Montorio in Rome on the supposed site of the martyrdom of St. Peter. It was commissioned by Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain and was built in 1502 after designs made by Donato Bramante....
Tempio Malatestiano (chapel, Rimini, Italy)
burial chapel in Rimini, Italy, for Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, the lord of the city, together with his mistress Isotta degli Atti and the Malatesta family. The “temple” was converted, beginning in 1446, from the Gothic-style Church of San Francesco ac...
Templar, Simon (fictional character)
author of highly popular mystery-adventure novels and creator of Simon Templar, better known as “the Saint” and sometimes called the “Robin Hood of modern crime.” From 1928 some 50 novels and collections of stories about “the Saint” were published; translations existed in at least 15 languages....
Templars (religious military order)
member of the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon, a religious military order of knighthood established at the time of the Crusades that became a model and inspiration for other military orders. Originally founded to protect Christian p...
Templars, Chapel of the (chapel, Laon, France)
...The Museum of Laon has a collection of Roman and medieval jewelry. It also contains paintings by the three brothers Le Nain, 17th-century painters who were born in Laon. A 12th-century octagonal Chapel of the Templars stands in the museum gardens. The old town has a monument to the explorer Jacques Marquette, also born in Laon....
template (psychology)
...One assumption states that life experiences influence the brain in such a way as to leave, in the brain, enduring physical changes that have variously been called neural traces, templates, or engrams. Ideas and images are held to derive from the incorporation and activation of these engrams in complex circuits involving nerve cells. Such circuits in the cortex......
template replication (biology)
...becomes a new double helix with a new complementary strand to replace the original one. Because adenine always falls in place opposite thymine and guanine opposite cytosine, the process is called a template replication—one strand serves as the mold for the other. It should be added that the steps involving the duplication of DNA do not occur spontaneously; they require catalysts in the.....
template-cutting method (machinery)
...generating. The form-cutting method uses a cutting tool that has the same form as the space between two adjacent teeth on a gear. This method is used for cutting gear teeth on a milling machine. The template-cutting method uses a template to guide a single-point cutter on large bevel-gear cutting machines....
temple (building)
edifice constructed for religious worship. Most of Christianity calls its places of worship churches; many religions use temple, a word derived in English from the Latin word for time, because of the importance to the Romans of the proper time of sacrifices. The name synagogue, which is from the Greek for a place of assembly, is often intercha...
Temple (Texas, United States)
city, Bell county, central Texas, U.S. It lies along the Little River, just southeast of Belton Lake (impounded on the Leon River) and some 35 miles (55 km) south-southwest of Waco. With the cities of Bartlett, Belton, Copperas Cove, Gatesville, Salado, and Killeen, it forms part of the Killeen-Temple ...
temple city (Mesopotamian history)
For many years, scholarly views were conditioned by the concept of the Sumerian temple city, which was used to convey the idea of an organism whose ruler, as representative of his god, theoretically owned all land, privately held agricultural land being a rare exception. The concept of the temple city had its origin partly in the overinterpretation of a passage in the so-called reform texts of......
Temple Compound (sacred site, Jerusalem)
...the Egyptian and Iraqi forces that menaced the south and central parts of the coastal plain. However, the old walled city of Jerusalem, containing the Western Wall, the last remnant of the ancient Temple destroyed by the Romans and held holy by Jews, was occupied by the Jordanians, and Jerusalem’s lifeline to the coast was jeopardized. The Egyptians held Gaza, and the Syrians entrenched....
Temple, Frederick (archbishop of Canterbury)
archbishop of Canterbury and educational reformer who was sometimes considered to personify, by his rugged appearance and terse manner as a schoolmaster and bishop, the ideal of “manliness” fashionable during the Victorian era (1837–1901) in Britain....
Temple, George Nugent Temple Grenville, 2nd Earl (British statesman)
George Grenville’s second son, created (1784) the marquess of Buckingham (the town). He made his mark as lord lieutenant of Ireland....
Temple, Henry John, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (prime minister of United Kingdom)
English Whig-Liberal statesman whose long career, including many years as British foreign secretary (1830–34, 1835–41, 1846–51) and prime minister (1855–58, 1859–65), made him a symbol of British nationalism....
Temple, Le (prison, Paris, France)
in Paris, originally a fortified monastery of the Templars and later a royal prison. It was built in the 12th century northeast of the city in an area commanded by the Templars; the area is now the Temple quarter of Paris (3rd arrondissement)....
Temple Mount (sacred site, Jerusalem)
...is believed to have been continuously inhabited for almost 5,000 years, forms a walled quadrilateral about 3,000 feet (900 metres) long on each side. It is dominated by the raised platform of the Temple Mount—known in Hebrew as Har Ha-Bayit, the site of the First and Second Temples, and known to Islam as Al-Ḥaram al-Sharīf (“The Noble Sanctuary”), a Muslim hol...
Temple of Apollo Epikourios (archaeological site, Bassae, Greece)
The Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae (in Arcadia, near Phigalia) was said to be modeled after the Temple of Athena Alea (by Scopas) at Tegea, the most beautiful temple in the Peloponnese, which incorporated the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders in novel ways. Most of the columns from the temple still stand. A sculptured Ionic frieze from the Temple of Apollo at Bassae, which has remained......