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Massaro, Salvatore (American musician)
American musician, among the first guitar soloists in jazz and an accompanist of rare sensitivity....
Massarot ha-massarot (work by Levita)
...the manuscript brought him offers of professorships from church prelates, princes, and the king of France, Francis I. He declined all of them, however. Another Masoretic work, Massarot ha-massarot (1538; “Tradition of Tradition”), remained a subject of debate among Hebraists for nearly three centuries....
massasauga (reptile)
small North American rattlesnake of the family Viperidae, found in prairies, swamps, and woodlands from the Great Lakes to Arizona. It is typically 45 to 75 cm (18 to 30 inches) long....
Massasoit (Wampanoag chief)
Wampanoag Indian chief who throughout his life maintained peaceful relations with English settlers in the area of the Plymouth Colony, Mass....
Massawa (Eritrea)
port city, Eritrea, in the Bay of Massawa on the Red Sea. It is connected to Asmara, the national capital, on the hinterland plateau (40 miles [64 km] west-southwest) by road, railroad, air, and aerial tramway. The town rests on the islands of Tawlad (Taulud) and Massawa (the site of the modern harbour) an...
“Masse und Macht” (work by Canetti)
In 1938 Canetti immigrated to England, devoting his time to research on mass psychology and the allure of fascism. His major work, Masse und Macht (1960; Crowds and Power), is an outgrowth of that interest, which is also evident in Canetti’s three plays: Hochzeit (1932; The Wedding), Komödie der Eitelkeit (1950; Comedy of Vanity), and Die....
“Masse-Mensch” (work by Toller)
In confinement Toller wrote Masse-Mensch (1920; Man and the Masses, 1923), a play that brought him widespread fame. Books of lyrics added to his reputation. In 1933, immediately before the accession of Hitler, he emigrated to the United States. Also in that year he brought out his vivid autobiography, Eine Jugend in Deutschland (I Was a German, 1934)....
Massena (New York, United States)
village and town (township), St. Lawrence county, northern New York, U.S., 76 miles (122 km) southwest of Montreal, Canada. It is the location of the headquarters of the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, which operates and maintains the U.S. part of the seaway between Lake Erie and Montreal, a...
Masséna, André, duc de Rivoli, prince d’Essling (French general)
leading French general of the revolutionary and Napoleonic wars....
Massenburg, Kedar (American businessman)
...career and formed the group Erykah Free with her cousin while also working as a waitress and a drama teacher. In 1995, while the group was opening for singer D’Angelo, Badu came to the attention of Kedar Massenburg, who was just starting his own record company. Badu disbanded Erykah Free when Massenburg offered her a contract; she thought that she would receive more individual attention ...
Massenet, Jules-Émile-Frédéric (French composer)
leading French opera composer of his generation, whose music is admired for its lyricism, sensuality, occasional sentimentality, and theatrical aptness....
“Massenstreik, Partei und Gewerkschaften” (work by Luxemburg)
...in the struggle, and was imprisoned. From these experiences emerged her theory of revolutionary mass action, which she propounded in Massenstreik, Partei und Gewerkschaften (1906; The Mass Strike, the Political Party, and the Trade Unions). Luxemburg advocated the mass strike as the single most important tool of the proletariat, Western as well as Russian, in attaining a......
Massera, Eduardo Emilio (Argentine dictator)
1925Buenos Aires, Arg.Nov. 8, 2010Buenos AiresArgentine dictator who was the enforcer in a brutal military regime (1976–83) that was responsible for overseeing the “Dirty War,” an infamous campaign waged against suspected left-wing political opponents. An estimated 10,0...
Masseria, Giuseppe (American crime boss)
leading crime boss of New York City from the early 1920s until his murder in 1931....
Masseria, Joe (American crime boss)
leading crime boss of New York City from the early 1920s until his murder in 1931....
Masses, The (American magazine)
American monthly journal of arts and politics, socialist in its outlook. It was known for its innovative treatment of illustration and for its news articles and social criticism....
masseter (anatomy)
(from Greek masasthai, “to chew”), prominent muscle of the jaw. The masseter arises from the zygomatic bone (cheekbone) and is inserted at the rear of the mandible (jawbone). Contraction of the muscle raises the mandible, and it is particularly used in chewing food. The mas...
Massey, Anna Raymond (British actress)
Aug. 11, 1937Thakeham, West Sussex, Eng.July 3, 2011London, Eng.British actress who captivated audiences on the stage, film, radio, and television with roles that ranged from the malevolent Mrs. Danvers (opposite her first husband, actor Jeremy Brett) in a TV adaptation o...
Massey, Charles Vincent (Canadian statesman)
statesman who was the first Canadian to serve as governor-general of Canada (1952–59)....
Massey, Daniel Raymond (British actor)
British actor in motion pictures, television, and--most notably--the theatre; his versatility was illustrated by his stylish performances in plays by William Shakespeare, Oscar Wilde, George Bernard ...
Massey, Doreen (British geographer)
...the contingent circumstances for future decisions also change—and there can be no general laws of outcomes, only of basic processes. This argument was forcefully made by the British geographer Doreen Massey. Furthermore, decision makers learn from the consequences of previous decisions. There is a continuous interplay between context and decision maker (or between structure and agency).....
Massey, Raymond (Canadian-American actor, director, and producer)
Canadian-American actor, director, and producer....
Massey, Raymond Hart (Canadian-American actor, director, and producer)
Canadian-American actor, director, and producer....
Massey Report (Canadian government document)
In 1951 the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences issued a report (what became known as the Massey Report) warning that Canadian culture had become invisible, nearly indistinguishable from that of the neighbouring United States, owing to years of “American invasion by film, radio, and periodical.” Henceforth, the government declared that......
Massey University (university, Palmerston North, New Zealand)
In 1951 the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences issued a report (what became known as the Massey Report) warning that Canadian culture had become invisible, nearly indistinguishable from that of the neighbouring United States, owing to years of “American invasion by film, radio, and periodical.” Henceforth, the government declared that.........
Massey, Vincent (Canadian statesman)
statesman who was the first Canadian to serve as governor-general of Canada (1952–59)....
Massey, William Ferguson (prime minister of New Zealand)
New Zealand statesman, prime minister (1912–25), lifelong spokesman for agrarian interests, and opponent of left-wing movements. His Reform Party ministries included leadership of the country during ...
Massice (ancient city, Iraq)
ancient Mesopotamian town located on the left bank of the Euphrates River, downstream from modern Ar-Ramādī in central Iraq. Originally called Massice and Fairuz Sapur, it was destroyed by the Roman emperor Julian in ad 363. ...
Massice, Battle of (Persian history)
...emperor Gordian levied in all of the Roman empire an army of Goths and Germans and marched against Asūristān [Iraq], the empire of Iran and us. On the border of Asūristān, at Massice [Misikhe on the Euphrates], a great battle took place. The emperor Gordian was killed and we destroyed the Roman army. The Romans proclaimed Philip [the Arabian; reigned 244–249]....
massicot
one of the two forms of lead oxide (PbO) that occurs as a mineral (the other form is litharge). Massicot forms by the oxidation of galena and other lead minerals as soft, yellow, earthy or scaly masses that are very dense. It has been found in significant quantities at Badenweiler, Ger.; La Croix-aux-Mines, Fr.; the Transvaal, S.Af.; Perote, ...
Massie, John (British economist)
...Change was far more pronounced in the towns than in the countryside and among the prosperous than among the poor. The latter category was still very large; in the late 1750s an economist named Joseph Massie estimated that the bottom 40 percent of the population had to survive on less than 14 percent of the nation’s income. The rest of his calculations can be summarized as follows:...
Massif Armoricain (area, France)
flattened erosional upland, or peneplain, of France, encompassing the western départements of Finistère, Côtes-d’Armor, Morbihan, and Ille-et-Vilaine and parts of Manche, Orne, Mayenne, Maine-et-Loire, Loire-Atlantique, and Vendée. The region has an area of approximately 25,000 square miles (65,000 square km) and is bounded by the ...
Massif Central (area, France)
upland area in south-central France. Bordered by the lowlands of Aquitaine on the west, the Paris Basin and the Loire River valley on the north, the Rhône-Saône river valley on the east, and the Mediterranean coastland...
Massif de l’Aïr (mountains, Niger)
group of granitic mountains rising sharply from the Sahara in central Niger. Several of these mountains approach and exceed 6,000 feet (1,800 m), the highest being Mount Gréboun (6,378 feet [1,944 m]). The mountains are dissected by deep valleys, called koris, in which some vegetation permits the pasturage of livestock, owned mainly by Tuaregs. Hot springs are foun...
Massif du Tondou (plateau region, Central African Republic)
plateau region in the eastern Central African Republic, near the border with The Sudan. Most of the plateau ranges between 2,600 and 3,300 feet (800 and 1,000 m) in elevation; it reaches 3,461 feet (1,055 m) at Mount Ngouo in the northeast. The ...
Massilia (France)
city, capital of Bouches-du-Rhône département, southern France, and also the administrative and commercial capital of Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, one of France’s fastest growing régions. Located west of the French Riviera, Marseille is one of t...
Massiliensis, Johannes (monk)
ascetic, monk, theologian, and founder and first abbot of the famous abbey of Saint-Victor at Marseille. His writings, which have influenced all Western monasticism, themselves reflect much of the teaching of the hermits of Egypt, the Desert Fathers. Cassian’s theology stemmed from, and was subordinate to, his concept of monasticism. He became a leading exponent of, in its early phase, ...
Massillon (Ohio, United States)
city, Stark county, northeastern Ohio, U.S., 8 miles (13 km) west of Canton, on the Tuscarawas River. Settled (1811) by New Englanders, it developed from two villages called Kendal and Brookfield and was named (1826), after its founding by James Duncan, for Bishop Jean-Baptiste Massillon, preacher and writ...
Massim (region, Papua New Guinea)
The islands off the extreme southeastern tip of New Guinea were linked by the kula trading cycle, which distributed not only shell valuables—the ostensible motive of the transactions—but also quantities of other goods. Notable among these were carvings in dark hardwood, which was the special product of Kiriwina, the largest of the Trobriand Islands....
Massim style
type of stylized, curvilinear carving found in the Massim region, one of the major stylistic areas of Papua New Guinea. The Massim region, located in the southeast, includes the Trobriand, D’Entrecasteaux, and Woodlark islands; the Louisiade Archipelago; and the easternmost tip of the mainland....
Massimo alle Colonne, Palazzo (palace, Rome, Italy)
Three architecturally celebrated buildings in the palace-studded river region are the Cancelleria, the Farnese, and the Massimo alle Colonne palaces. Because all the pertinent documents were destroyed in the sack of Rome in 1527, the architect of the Palazzo della Cancelleria remains unknown. Dated 1486–98, it was built by Cardinal Raffaelo Riario out of a night’s winnings at the gam...
Massine, Léonide (Russian dancer)
Russian dancer and innovative choreographer of more than 50 ballets, one of the most important figures in 20th-century dance....
Massinger, Philip (English playwright)
English Jacobean and Caroline playwright noted for his gifts of comedy, plot construction, social realism, and satirical power....
Massinissa (king of Numidia)
ruler of the North African kingdom of Numidia and an ally of Rome in the last years of the Second Punic War (218–201). His influence was lasting because the economic and political development that took place in Numidia under his rule provided the base for later development of the region by the Roman...
Massio, Niccolò di Giovanni di (Italian painter)
foremost painter of central Italy at the beginning of the 15th century, whose few surviving works are among the finest examples of the International Gothic style....
massive apatite (mineral)
massive cryptocrystalline apatite, composing the bulk of fossil bone and phosphate rock, commonly carbonate-containing fluorapatite or fluorian hydroxylapatite. Hornlike concretions having a grayish-white, yellowish, or brown colour are common. For detailed physical properties, see ...
Massive Attack (British music group)
...in Bristol, Eng., a West Country port known for its leisurely pace of life (see Creative Centres map: Bristol overview 1990). Spawned from the town’s postpunk bohemia, Massive Attack—a multiracial collective of deejays, singers, and rappers including Daddy G. (byname of Grant Marshall; b. De...
massive deposit
Several of the methods described above (e.g., blasthole stoping, sublevel caving) can be applied to the extraction of massive deposits, but the method specifically developed for such deposits is called panel/block caving. It is used under the following conditions: (1) large ore bodies of steep dip, (2) massive ore bodies of large vertical extension, (3) rock that will cave and break into......
massive retaliation policy (United States government)
The strategy that emerged from these considerations became known as “massive retaliation,” following a speech made by U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles in January 1954, when he declared that in the future a U.S. response to aggression would be “at places and with means of our own choosing.” This doctrine was interpreted as threatening nuclear attack against......
massive-neutrino hypothesis (cosmology)
Massive neutrinos and supersymmetric particles both provide possible explanations for the nonluminous, or “dark,” matter that is believed to constitute 90 percent or more of the mass of the universe. This dark matter must exist if the motions of stars and galaxies are to be understood, but it has not been observed through radiation of any kind. It is possible that some, if not all,.....
massively multiplayer online game
...Entertainment’s World of Warcraft, drew seven million subscribers (with more than five million in China alone). This total represented more than half of the massively multiplayer online game (MMOG) community in 2006, and it brought in more than $1 billion in retail sales and subscription fees for Blizzard. MMOGs differed from traditional PC games in a number of important ways. Fir...
massively multiplayer online role-playing game (electronic game)
Persistent multiplayer game worlds, known as massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), have their origin in early text-based multiuser dungeons played on mainframe computers and minicomputers. Because the introduction of graphics in RPGs pushed early PCs and telephone connection speeds to their limits, most of the first graphical multiplayer RPGs settled for small worlds......
massively parallel processing computer (computing)
...he developed to facilitate processor communication was a 12-dimensional “hypercube”—i.e., each chip was directly linked to 12 other chips. These machines quickly became known as massively parallel computers. Besides opening the way for new multiprocessor architectures, Hillis’s machines showed how common, or commodity, processors could be used to achieve supercompute...
Masson, André (French artist)
noted French Surrealist painter and graphic artist....
Masson, André-Aimé-René (French artist)
noted French Surrealist painter and graphic artist....
Masson, Antoine (French artist)
French painter and engraver chiefly remembered for his portrait engravings, which were cut exclusively with a graver, or burin. Masson’s portrait of “The Grey-Headed Man” and his “Christ with the Disciples at Emmaus” are examples of his finest work....
Masson, David (American writer)
...him. During the 19th century, the Life of Milton: Narrated in Connection with the Political, Ecclesiastical, and Literary History of his Time (7 vol., 1859–94), by David Masson, and Abraham Lincoln: A History (10 vol., 1890), by John G. Nicolay and John Hay, offer representative samples. In the 20th century such works as Edward Nehls...
Masson, Frédéric (French historian)
French historian and academician best known for his books on Napoleon I....
Masson, Robert Le (chancellor of France)
chancellor of France, a leading adviser of Charles VII of France, and a supporter of Joan of Arc....
Massospondylus carinatus (dinosaur)
chancellor of France, a leading adviser of Charles VII of France, and a supporter of Joan of Arc.......
Massoud, Ahmad Shah (Afghani resistance leader)
Afghan resistance leader and politician (b. 1953, Bazarak, Afg.—death reported on Sept. 15, 2001, Takhar, Afg.), was a military leader in the Afghan mujahideen, first against the Soviets and the Soviet-backed Afghan government (1978–89) and then against the Taliban (from 1992). Masoud, an ethnic Tajik, studied engineering before the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan and then moved t...
Massoutiera mzabi (rodent)
Common gundis (Ctenodactylus gundi and C. vali) are found in parts of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya, but the Mzab gundi (Massoutiera mzabi) has the largest range, extending from southeastern Algeria through southwestern Libya to northern Mali, Niger, and Chad. The Felou gundi (Felovia vae) is confined to Senegal, Mali, and......
Massue, Henri de (French soldier)
French soldier who became a trusted servant of the British king William III....
Massys, Cornelis (Flemish artist)
...with the Head of Holofernes of a later date, now in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, shows Italian or French influence, as does Lot and His Daughters (1563). Cornelis Massys (1513–79), Quentin’s second son, became a master painter in 1531, painting landscapes in his father’s style and also executing engravings....
Massys, Jan (Flemish artist)
Massys’s two sons were artists. Jan (1509–75), who became a master in the guild of Antwerp in 1531, was banished in 1543 for his heretical opinions, spent 15 years in Italy or France, and returned to Antwerp in 1558. His early pictures were imitations of his father’s work, but a half-length Judith with the Head of Holofernes of a later date, now in ...
Massys, Quentin (Flemish artist)
Flemish artist, the first important painter of the Antwerp school....
mast (ship part)
When a yacht is sailing into the wind, its sail acts as an airfoil of which the mast is the leading edge, and the considerations that favour long wings for aircraft favour tall masts as well....
mast (food)
in botany, nuts or fruits of trees and shrubs, such as beechnuts, acorns, and berries, that accumulate on the forest floor, providing forage for game animals and swine. Mast has also been used as human food and to fatten poultry. The phrase “a good mast year” refers to a period in which there is a heavy crop of wild nuts. ...
mast cell (biology)
tissue cell of the immune system of vertebrate animals. Mast cells mediate inflammatory responses such as hypersensitivity and allergic reactions. They are scattered throughout the connective tissues of the body, especially beneath the surface of the skin, near blood vess...
mast church
in architecture, type of wooden church built in northern Europe mainly during the Middle Ages. Between 800 and 1,200 stave churches may have existed in the mid-14th century, at which time construction abruptly ceased....
mast seeding (biology)
the production of many seeds by a plant every two or more years in regional synchrony with other plants of the same species. Since seed predators commonly scour the ground for each year’s seed crop, they often consume most of the seeds produced by many different plant species each year. Mast seeding is an effective defense because the seed predators bec...
Mast Swamp (Connecticut, United States)
city, coextensive with the town (township) of Torrington, Litchfield county, northwestern Connecticut, U.S., on the Naugatuck River. The town was named in 1732 for Great Torrington, England, but the area was not settled until 1737. The town was incorporated in 1740. The village went by several names including Mast Swamp...
mastaba (archaeology)
rectangular superstructure of ancient Egyptian tombs, built of mud brick or, later, stone, with sloping walls and a flat roof. A deep shaft descended to the underground burial chamber....
Mastacembelidae (fish family)
any of two groups of fishes, those of the freshwater family Mastacembelidae (order Perciformes) and of the deep-sea family Notacanthidae (order Notacanthiformes). Members of both groups are elongated and eel-like but are not related to true eels....
Mastai-Ferretti, Giovanni Maria (pope)
Italian head of the Roman Catholic church whose pontificate (1846–78) was the longest in history and was marked by a transition from moderate political liberalism to conservatism. Notable events of his reign included the declaration of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception (1854), the Syllabus of Errors (1864), and the ses...
Mastakabhisheka (Jain festival)
The most famous of all Jain festivals, Mastakabhisheka (“Head Anointment”), is performed every 12 years at the Digambara sacred complex at Shravana Belgola (“White Lake of the Ascetics”) in Karnataka state. In this ceremony the 57-foot- (17-metre-) high statue of Bahubali is anointed from above with a variety of substances (water, milk, flowers, etc.) in the presence of...
mastectomy (medical procedure)
surgical removal of a breast, usually to remove a malignancy but also performed in the treatment of other conditions (e.g., cystic breast disease) and for other medical reasons. Mastectomy is most effective when the cancerous tumour is discovered at an early stage and the malignant cells are localized. In order to best ensure the removal of all cancerous tissue, however,...
Mastenbroek, Hendrika (Dutch athlete)
Dutch swimmer, who at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin became the first female athlete to win four medals at a single Games....
master (craft guild)
...to be an extremely hierarchical body structured on the basis of the apprenticeship system. (See apprenticeship.) In this structure, the members of a guild were divided into a hierarchy of masters, journeymen, and apprentices. The master was an established craftsman of recognized abilities who took on apprentices; these were boys in late childhood or adolescence who boarded with the......
master (degree)
...and was awarded to a candidate who had studied the prescribed texts in the trivium (grammar, rhetoric, and logic) for three or four years and had successfully passed examinations held by his masters. The holder of the bachelor’s degree had thus completed the first stage of academic life and was enabled to proceed with a course of study for the degree of master or doctor. After completing...
Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (film by Weir [2003])
...Poets Society (1989), a drama set in a boys’ preparatory school in the 1950s, The Truman Show (1998), a fable about the tyranny of the media, and Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (2003), a seafaring epic based on the series by Patrick O’Brian; the movies all earned Weir Oscar nominations for best directo...
Master and Margarita, The (novel by Bulgakov)
novel written by Russian writer Mikhail Bulgakov in the 1930s and published in a censored form as Master i Margarita in the Soviet Union in 1966–67. The unexpurgated version was published there in 1973. It is considered a 20th-century masterpiece....
master and servant, law of (law)
About this time, the doctrine of principal and agent developed in England as an outgrowth or expansion of the doctrine of master and servant. Anglo-Norman law created the figures of ballivus and attornatus. His position in the household of his master empowered the ballivus to transact commercial business for his master, reminiscent of the power of the slave to bind his......
Master Argument (logic)
Diodorus Cronus originated a mysterious argument called the Master Argument. It claimed that the following three propositions are jointly inconsistent, so at least one of them is false: Everything true about the past is now necessary. (That is, the past is now settled, and there is nothing to be done about it.)The impossible does not follow from the possible.There is something that is......
Master Betty (British actor)
English actor who won instant success as a child prodigy....
master builder (construction industry)
The master builder, who planned and directed the erection of the pyramids and other great structures, occupied a high position in society. Ancestor of the modern architect and engineer, he was a trusted court noble and adviser to the ruler. He directed a host of subordinates, superintendents, and foremen, each with his scribes and recorders....
Master Builder, The (play by Ibsen)
drama in three acts by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen, originally published as Bygmester Solness in 1892 and first performed in 1893. The play juxtaposes the artist’s needs with those of society and examines the limits of artistic creativity. There is an autobiographical element in the depiction of the aging architect, Halvard Solness, who fee...
Master Builders (work by Zweig)
...(Drei Meister, 1920; Three Masters) and of Friedrich Hölderlin, Heinrich von Kleist, and Friedrich Nietzsche (Der Kampf mit dem Dämon, 1925; Master Builders). He achieved popularity with Sternstunden der Menschheit (1928; The Tide of Fortune), five historical portraits in miniature. He wrote full-scale,....
master clock (horology)
In a master clock system, electricity is used to give direct impulses to the pendulum, which in turn causes the clock’s gear train to move, or to lift a lever after it has imparted an impulse to the pendulum. In various modern master clocks the pendulum operates a light count wheel that turns through the pitch of one tooth every double swing and is arranged to release a lever every half min...
master colony-stimulating factor (biochemistry)
...in minute amounts, CSFs can stimulate the division and differentiation of precursor cells into mature blood cells and thus exert powerful regulatory influences over the production of blood cells. A master colony-stimulating factor (multi-CSF), also called interleukin-3, stimulates the most ancestral hematopoietic stem cell. Further differentiation of this stem cell into specialized descendants....
Master E. S. (German engraver)
unidentified late Gothic German goldsmith and engraver who signed many of his engravings with the monogram E.S. and who was one of the outstanding early printmakers of Europe....
Master Eckehart (German mystic)
Dominican theologian and writer who was the greatest German speculative mystic. In the transcripts of his sermons in German and Latin, he charts the course of union between the individual soul and God....
Master Eckhart (German mystic)
Dominican theologian and writer who was the greatest German speculative mystic. In the transcripts of his sermons in German and Latin, he charts the course of union between the individual soul and God....
Master Honoré (French painter)
...light and shade. This “discovery of light,” partial and piecemeal as it was, began around 1270–80 but is particularly associated with a well-known Parisian royal illuminator called Master Honoré, who was active about 1288–1300 or later....
“Master i Margarita” (novel by Bulgakov)
novel written by Russian writer Mikhail Bulgakov in the 1930s and published in a censored form as Master i Margarita in the Soviet Union in 1966–67. The unexpurgated version was published there in 1973. It is considered a 20th-century masterpiece....
Master Mariner; Running Proud, The (work by Monsarrat)
...Maclean spy defection to the Soviet Union. Life is a Four-Letter Word (2nd ed., 1966, 1970; abridged as Breaking In, Breaking Out, 1971) is an autobiography to 1956. His last novel, The Master Mariner; Running Proud (1979), was the first book of a two-part novel to have covered the British Navy from 1588 to 1788....
master mason (craftsman)
Directing the guild craftsmen was the master mason, who functioned as architect, administrative official, building contractor, and technical supervisor. He designed the molds, or patterns, used to cut the stones for the intricate designs of doors, windows, arches, and vaults. He also designed the building itself, usually copying its elements from earlier structures upon which he had worked,......
Master Melvin (American baseball player, manager, and broadcaster)
American professional baseball player, manager, and broadcaster who played his entire 22-year career with the New York Giants (1926–47)....
Master of Arts (degree)
...a lengthier period of work. British and American universities customarily grant the bachelor’s as the first degree in arts or sciences. After one or two more years of coursework, the second degree, M.A. or M.S., may be obtained by examination or the completion of a piece of research. At the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, holders of a B.A. can receive an M.A. six or seven years aft...
“Master of Ballantrae: A Winter’s Tale, The” (novel by Stevenson)
novel by Scottish writer Robert Louis Stevenson, first serialized in Scribner’s Magazine in 1888–89 and published in book form in 1889....