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Pacific Fur Company (American company)
In 1810 Astor organized the Pacific Fur Company as a subsidiary to exploit the fur trade with China by way of the Pacific Northwest. The subsidiary’s major post, Astoria, located at the mouth of the Columbia River in the Oregon Territory, was lost during the ......
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Pacific Gas and Electric Company (American company)
In 1810 Astor organized the Pacific Fur Company as a subsidiary to exploit the fur trade with China by way of the Pacific Northwest. The subsidiary’s major post, Astoria, located at the mouth of the Columbia River in the Oregon Territory, was lost during the .........
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Pacific geoduck (mollusk)
(species Panopea generosa), marine invertebrate of the class Bivalvia (phylum Mollusca) that inhabits the sandy muds of the intertidal and shallow sublittoral zones of the Pacific coast of North America from southern Alaska to Baja California. ...
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Pacific Great Eastern Railway (railway, Canada)
...in the Northwest Territory. British Columbia took over an initially private company, the Pacific Great Eastern Railway, and shaped it into the British Columbia Railway. Even Canadian Pacific has reflected this increasing focus on resource flows. In 1989 it opened the longest tunnel in the Western Hemisphere, just over nine miles, under......
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Pacific Grove (California, United States)
resort and residential city, Monterey county, western California, U.S. It lies along Monterey Bay and adjoins the city of Monterey. Founded in 1875 by Methodists as a summer religious retreat, the city remains a centre for conferences of religious and other groups; alcohol was banned in Pacific Grove until 1969, when it became the last California city to end l...
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Pacific gull (bird)
The Pacific gull (L. pacificus) breeds in the region of Tasmania and southern Australia. The ring-billed gull (L. delawarensis) is common on inland lakes in North America and often gathers in large flocks to feed on plowed fields. The sooty gull (L. hemprichi) of the western Indian......
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Pacific herring (fish)
...to the family Clupeidae (order Clupeiformes). The name herring refers to either the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) or the Pacific herring (C. harengus pallasii); although once considered separate species, they are now believed to be only subspecifically distinct. Herrings are small-headed, streamlined,......
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Pacific high (meteorology)
In China the tropical Pacific air mass is the chief source of summer rainfall. When it predominates, it may cover the eastern half of China and penetrate deep into the border areas of the Mongolian Plateau and onto the eastern edge of the Plateau of Tibet. In summer the Siberian air mass retreats to the western end of Mongolia, although it occasionally penetrates southward and sometimes may......
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Pacific Islanders Protection Act (United Kingdom [1872])
...blackbirders were able to retain their licenses seemed to indicate that the government was not seriously trying to end the practice. British government acts of the 1870s—especially the 1872 Pacific Islanders Protection Act (the Kidnapping Act)—provided for agents on British recruiting vessels, stricter licensing procedures, and patrol of British-controlled islands; these measures....
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Pacific Islands (nuclear testing)
by Barrie MacDonald...
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Pacific Islands (region, Pacific Ocean)
island geographic region of the Pacific Ocean. It comprises three ethnogeographic groupings—Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia—but conventionally excludes the neighbouring island continent of Australia, the Asia-related Indonesian, Philippine, and ...
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Pacific Islands Forum (international organization)
organization established in 1971 to provide a setting for heads of government to discuss common issues and problems facing the independent and self-governing states of the South Pacific. Headquartered in Suva, Fiji, the Forum includes Australia, the Cook Islands, the Feder...
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Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the (former United States territory, Pacific Ocean)
former United Nations strategic-area trusteeship that was administered by the United States from 1947 to 1986. The territory consisted of more than 2,000 islands scattered over about 3,000,000 square miles (7,770,000 square km) of the tropical western ...
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Pacific jumping mouse (rodent)
...in some areas, are rarely seen because they are completely nocturnal. The woodland jumping mouse (Napaeozapus insignis) lives in moist forests of eastern North America. The meadow, Pacific, and western jumping mice (Zapus hudsonius, Z. trinotatus, and Z. princeps, respectively) range over much of North America, in grasslands as well......
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Pacific languages
...American Indian languages into three types: (1) Atlantic, with few oral consonants but complex systems of nasal consonants, and oral and nasal vowels, of which the Ge languages would be typical; (2) Pacific, with complex systems of oral consonants (many contrasting points and modes of articulation) but with few nasal consonants and few vowels, as exemplified by Quechumaran; and (3) Central, wit...
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Pacific League (Japanese baseball league)
one of the two leagues of professional baseball teams in Japan (the other being the Central League). The Pacific League was founded in 1950. It has six teams, some of whose names and hometown designations have changed over the years. The league consists of the Chiba Lotte Marines, Fukuoka Softbank Hawks, Hokkaido Nippon Ham Fighters, Orix Buffaloes, Seibu Lions, and Tohoku Rakut...
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Pacific mackerel (fish)
Allied to this species is the chub mackerel (S. colias; once separated into Atlantic and Pacific species). They are more finely marked than the common mackerel; the chub mackerel that is found in the Pacific Ocean is bright green with vertical stripes. It has an air bladder but is otherwise similar to the common mackerel. The......
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Pacific madrona (plant)
A. menziesii, variously known as the madrona, Pacific madrona, laurelwood, and Oregon laurel, occurs in western North America from British Columbia to California. It grows about 23 metres (75 feet) tall. The dark, oblong, glossy leaves are from 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches) long and......
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Pacific Mail Steamship Company (American company)
...of Panama, and “steamer day” was a civic institution; after 1914 cargo and passenger vessels arrived from the East by way of the Panama Canal. In 1867 the Pacific Mail Steamship Company opened the first transpacific service, sailing from San Francisco to Yokohama (Japan) and Hong Kong. Imports and exports now passing through the San Francisco Customs......
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Pacific mountain system (mountains, North America)
series of mountain ranges that stretches along the Pacific coast of North America from northern British Columbia (Canada) to northwestern Mexico. They run for some 4,500 miles (7,250 kilometres) in the ...
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Pacific National Exhibition (event, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)
...backgrounds of areas still oriented to resource industries and to the outdoors. The Williams Lake Stampede is the great annual rodeo event of the ranching country of the interior. Even the annual Pacific National Exhibition in Vancouver is largely oriented to the agricultural communities of the lower Fraser valley rather than to the urban interest of Vancouver. Other centres hold annual......
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Pacific North Equatorial Current (ocean current)
The Pacific North Equatorial Current is given a westward impetus by the Northeast Trade Winds (latitude 10°–25° N). Upon reaching the Philippines, the current divides, with the lesser part turning south and then east to start the Pacific Equatorial Countercurrent, and the greater part flowing north. This flow, known as the Kuro Current,......
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Pacific Northwest (region, United States)
region, northwestern U.S., including the states of Oregon and Washington and part of Idaho....
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Pacific Northwest Ballet (American ballet company)
region, northwestern U.S., including the states of Oregon and Washington and part of Idaho.......
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Pacific Ocean
Body of salt water extending from the Antarctic region in the south to the Arctic circle in the north and lying between the continents of Asia and Australia on the west and North and South America on the east....
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Pacific Palisades (California, United States)
Body of salt water extending from the Antarctic region in the south to the Arctic circle in the north and lying between the continents of Asia and Australia on the west and North and South America on the east.......
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Pacific Plate (geology)
...thereby creating the oldest seafloor in the Timor Sea. During this period spreading continued in the Pacific basin with the growth of the Pacific Plate and the consumption by subduction of its bordering plates, including the Izanagi, Farallon, and Phoenix. The Pacific Plate moved northward during this phase and continues to do so......
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Pacific pomfret (fish)
...of the body in some species. Most species are deep-bodied and have deeply forked tails. Young pomfrets often differ markedly in body and fin form from adults of their species. The blunt-headed Pacific pomfret (Brama japonica) ranges abundantly throughout the north Pacific. The bigscale pomfret (Taractichthys longipinnis) of the ......
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Pacific pompano (fish)
...food. Among these are the harvest fish (Peprilus alepidotus), an Atlantic species that usually grows to about 20 cm (8 inches) long; the Pacific pompano (Peprilus simillimus), a silvery Californian fish; and Pampus......
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Pacific pond turtle (reptile)
any of several freshwater turtles of the families Emydidae and Bataguridae. Two of the best known are emydids: the Pacific, or western, pond turtle (Clemmys marmorata) and the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis)....
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Pacific Railroad (American company)
former American railroad founded to build the first rail line west of the Mississippi River. Ground was broken in 1851 and the first section of track completed in 1852. It was the first railroad to serve Kansas City, Missouri, reached in 1865, after construction was interrupted by the ...
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Pacific Railway Acts (United States history)
(1862, 1864), two measures that provided federal subsidies in land and loans for the construction of a transcontinental railroad across the United States....
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Pacific Rim National Park (national park, British Columbia, Canada)
...its coastline, especially on the west, is deeply indented with fjords. Strathcona Provincial Park occupies 847 square miles (2,193 square km) in the central part of the island, while Pacific Rim National Park (193 square miles [500 square km]) is in three sections along the west coast, and Cape Scott Provincial Park (58 square miles [151 square km]) is at its northwestern tip....
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Pacific Ring of Fire (seismic belt)
zone of earthquake epicentres (points on the surface directly above the focuses, or origination points, of earthquakes) surrounding the Pacific Ocean and coinciding with tectonic plate boundaries. For much of its length the belt follows chains of ...
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Pacific salmon (fish)
...salmon (Salmo salar), though more recently the name has been applied to similar fishes of the same family (Salmonidae), especially the Pacific salmon, which constitute the genus Oncorhynchus....
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Pacific sanddab (fish)
...As in other flatfishes, sanddabs have both eyes on the same side of the head; as in other paralichthyids, the eyes are usually on the left side. The most common species of sanddab is the Pacific sanddab (C. sordidus), a brownish fish mottled, in the male, with dull orange. It grows to about 40 cm (16 inches) and 1 kg (2 pounds)....
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Pacific sardine (fish)
...in large part by the size of the inhabited area and the size of spawning grounds, while the time and distance of migrations preceding the age of first reproduction are of secondary importance. The Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax)—which inhabits vast areas on both sides of the North Pacific, the South Pacific coasts of......
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Pacific saury (fish)
...finlets behind the dorsal and anal fins. Found in tropical and temperate waters, they live near the surface and commonly jump and skim above the water. Representatives of the family include the Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) and the Atlantic saury (Scomberesox......
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Pacific Scandal (Canadian history)
(1872–73), charges of corruption against Canadian prime minister Sir John A. Macdonald in awarding the contract for a transcontinental railroad; the incident resulted in the downfall of Macdonald’s Conservative administration....
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Pacific Seaboard Air Lines (American company)
During the 1930s two other airline companies arose that would one day merge with Delta: Chicago and Southern Air Lines, Inc. (C&S), and Northeast Airlines, Inc. C&S was founded in 1933 as Pacific Seaboard Air Lines. In 1934 it secured a U.S. mail-carrying route from Chicago to New Orleans and was thus incorporated on Dec. 3, 1935...
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Pacific Security Treaty
security treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States that was signed in San Francisco, Calif., on Sept. 1, 1951, for the purpose of providing mutual aid in the event of aggression and for settling disputes by peaceful means. It came into force in 1952. The three countries’ initials provided the acronyms for the treaty...
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Pacific sleeper shark
security treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States that was signed in San Francisco, Calif., on Sept. 1, 1951, for the purpose of providing mutual aid in the event of aggression and for settling disputes by peaceful means. It came into force in 1952. The three countries’ initials provided the acronyms for the treaty...
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Pacific South Equatorial Current (ocean current)
The Pacific South Equatorial Current, flowing approximately between latitude 5° N and 15°–20° S, is propelled westward by the Southeast Trade Winds to about longitude 180° E. There it splits, part turning north to blend with the countercurrent and the rest veering south to become the East Australian Current and a flow passing east of ......
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Pacific Stock Exchange (American stock exchange)
A financial centre since the first pinch of gold dust was exchanged for cash, San Francisco is the seat of the Pacific Stock Exchange as well as the headquarters of many banks, among them the Bank of America and the Wells Fargo Bank. Though there are no native, independent banks headquartered in San Francisco, the city still ranks among the nation’s largest investment banking centres....
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Pacific Subtropical Convergence (Pacific Ocean)
...water flows. In the Pacific Tropical Convergence, which coincides with the Equatorial Countercurrent, water sinks to a depth of about 300 feet (90 metres) before it spreads laterally. The Pacific Subtropical Convergences are located between 35° and 40° N and S. Water that sinks at the convergences spreads laterally at increasing depths as the distance from the Equator......
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Pacific tarpon (fish)
...breaks water and gulps air. It regularly grows to 1.8 metres (6 feet) and 45.4 kg (100 pounds) or larger and is a favourite game fish. The largest recorded catches weighed more than 136 kg. The Pacific tarpon, M. cyprinoides, is similar....
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Pacific Theatre of Operations (World War II)
...unannounced beforehand by the Japanese as it was, unified the American public and swept away any remaining support for American neutrality in the war. On December 8 the U.S. Congress declared war on Japan with only one dissenting vote....
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Pacific tree frog (amphibian)
...the European green tree frog (H. arborea), whose range extends across Asia and into Japan, the gray tree frog (H. versicolor), the green frog (H. cinerea), and the Pacific tree frog (H. regilla). The smallest is the little grass frog (Pseudacris, or Limnoaedus, ocularis), which does not exceed 1.75 cm (0.69 inch) in length and is......
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Pacific triton (gastropod)
...population explosion was attributed to the decimation of its chief predator, a large marine snail, the Pacific triton (Charonia tritonis), by shell collectors. Thereafter, the starfish multiplied throughout the southern Pacific (to Hawaii about 1970), seemingly threatening the destruction of......
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Pacific Tropical Convergence (Pacific Ocean)
Deepwater circulation is influenced by the descent of surface water at zones of convergence of neighbouring water flows. In the Pacific Tropical Convergence, which coincides with the Equatorial Countercurrent, water sinks to a depth of about 300 feet (90 metres) before it spreads laterally. The Pacific Subtropical Convergences are located between 35° and 40° N and S. Water that sinks...
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Pacific Tsunami Museum (museum, Hilo, Hawaii, United States)
...and Hawaii Community College (established in 1941 as Hawaii Vocational School). The Lyman Museum and Mission House (1839) displays artifacts of the early missionary and whaling periods, and the Pacific Tsunami Museum (1998) is a memorial to the victims of the tsunamis that struck Hilo and promotes education to reduce the devastation of future tsunamis. A port of entry, Hilo serves as a......
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Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (oceanographic centre, Hawaii, United States)
...and arrival time of the tsunami. Depending on the distance from the seismic disturbance, government authorities may have several hours’ notice to order the evacuation of coastal areas. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, located near Honolulu, Hawaii, was established in 1949, three years after a tsunami generated by a submarine earthquake near the ......
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Pacific, University of the (university, California, United States)
private coeducational institution of higher education in Stockton, California, U.S. The university includes the College of the Pacific (arts and sciences) and schools of education, music, business, engineering and ...
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Pacific viperfish (fish)
...fangs that protrude from the upper and lower jaws, used to firmly grip struggling prey. All of the species are small, the largest being the Pacific viperfish (C. macouni), which attains a length of 30 centimetres (1 foot)....
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Pacific walrus (mammal)
huge, seal-like mammal found in Arctic seas. There are two subspecies: the Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) and the Pacific walrus (O. rosmarus divergens). Male Pacific walrus are slightly larger, with longer tusks....
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Pacific, War of the (South American history)
(1879–83), conflict involving Chile, Bolivia, and Peru, which resulted in Chilean annexation of valuable disputed territory on the Pacific coast. It grew out of a dispute between Chile and Bolivia over control of a part of the Atacama Desert that lies between the 23rd and 26th parallels on the Pacific coast of ...
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Pacific Western Oil Corporaton (American company)
American oil billionaire reputed to be the richest man in the world at the time of his death. He owned a controlling interest in the Getty Oil Company and in nearly 200 other concerns....
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Pacific yew (plant)
(Taxus brevifolia), an evergreen timber tree of the yew family (Taxaceae). It is the only commercially important yew native to North America, where it is found from Alaska...
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Pacific Yupik language
Yupik, a dialectal form meaning “real person,” includes five languages: Central Alaskan Yupik, spoken southward from Norton Sound; Pacific Yupik, commonly called Alutiiq, spoken from the Alaska Peninsula eastward to Prince William Sound; Naukanski Siberian Yupik, whose speakers were resettled southward from ......
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Pacific-10 Conference (college athletic organization)
West Coast American collegiate athletic association that grew out of several earlier versions, the first of which, the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC), was founded in 1915. The original members were the University of California (Berkeley), the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and ...
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Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (ridge, Pacific Ocean)
The Pacific-Antarctic Ridge can be followed from a point midway between New Zealand and Antarctica northeast to where it joins the East Pacific Rise off the margin of South America. The former spreads at intermediate to fast rates....
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Pacific-North American mode (atmospheric science)
...the east Pacific (the location of El Niño) and the atmospheric circulation in the middle troposphere during winter. The atmospheric pattern was a characteristic circulation type known as the Pacific-North American (PNA) mode. Such patterns are intrinsic modes of the atmosphere, which may be forced by thermal anomalies in the tropical...
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Pacificador de España, El (regent of Spain)
Spanish general and statesman, victor in the First Carlist War, and regent....
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Pacification (Netherlands history)
...which had declared its neutrality, put aside the proposed reforms in order to concentrate on the immediate problem of maintaining the country’s livelihood in the face of blockades. The “Pacification,” as the compromise was called, was adopted in 1917 and put into effect after the return of peace. The war years saw almost all political controversies set aside, while the......
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Pacification Committee (judicial commission, Philippines)
In order to reduce the load of the lower courts, local committees of citizens called Pacification Committees (Lupon Tagapamayapa) have been organized to effect extrajudicial settlement of minor cases between barangay residents. In each lupon (committee) there is a Conciliation Body (Pangkat Tagapagkasundo), the main......
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Pacífico, Guerra del (South American history)
(1879–83), conflict involving Chile, Bolivia, and Peru, which resulted in Chilean annexation of valuable disputed territory on the Pacific coast. It grew out of a dispute between Chile and Bolivia over control of a part of the Atacama Desert that lies between the 23rd and 26th parallels on the Pacific coast of ...
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pacifism (political philosophy)
the opposition to war and violence as a means of settling disputes. Pacifism may entail the belief that the waging of war by a state and the participation in war by an individual are absolutely wrong, under any circumstances....
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pacing (horse racing)
in horse racing, one of two gaits seen in harness racing....
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Pacini, Filippo (Italian microbiologist)
Koch’s findings, however, were not original. Rather, they were rediscoveries of work that had been previously done by others. The Italian microbiologist Filippo Pacini had already seen the bacterium and named it “cholerigenic vibrios” in 1854 (a fact of which Koch is assumed not to have been aware). The principal mode of cholera transmission, contaminated water, had also been....
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Pacinian corpuscle (anatomy)
On the other hand, some tactile receptors (e.g., Pacinian corpuscles) respond only to mechanical deformation. A Pacinian corpuscle is an onion-shaped structure of nonneural (connective) tissue built up around the nerve ending that reduces the mechanical sensitivity of the nerve terminal itself. If the onionlike capsule is entirely removed,......
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Pacino, Al (American actor)
American actor best known for his intense, explosive acting style....
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Pacino, Alfredo James (American actor)
American actor best known for his intense, explosive acting style....
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Pacioli, Luca (Italian mathematician)
...related to the roots of x2 − x − 1 = 0, an equation derived from the Divine Proportion of the 15th-century Italian mathematician Luca Pacioli, namely, a/b = b/(a + b), when a < b, by setting x = b/a. In short, dividing a segment into two p...
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pack (cards)
The most successful and universally recognized deck of cards is that based on a complement of 52, divided into four suits, each containing 13 ranks, so that each card is uniquely identifiable by suit and rank....
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pack (ice formation)
any area of sea ice (ice formed by freezing of seawater) that is not landfast; it is mobile by virtue of not being attached to the shoreline or something else. Pack ice expands in the winter and retreats in the summer in both hemispheres to cover about 5 percent of the northern oceans and 8 percent of the southern oceans. See also sea ice....
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pack (backpacking)
recreational activity of hiking while carrying clothing, food, and camping equipment in a pack on the back. Originally, in the early 20th century, backpacking was practiced in the wilderness as a means of getting to areas inaccessible by car or by day hike. It demands physical conditioning and practice, knowledge of camping and survival......
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pack (animal behaviour)
...school (fish), and tribe (humans) and more generalized terms such as colony, den, family, group, or pack. An even greater diversity of names is used to describe human social groups. Names such as class, congregation, platoon, squad, ......
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Pack Affairs (German history)
...his ruler at the Reichstag (imperial Diet) from 1522 to 1526. His perpetual lack of funds, however, soon led him into a number of fraudulent schemes. The most serious of these became known as the Pack Affairs (Packsche Händel). After a meeting between the Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand I and a number of Catholic princes at Breslau (1527), Pack reported to Philip the Magnanimous, the......
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pack animal (animal behaviour)
...school (fish), and tribe (humans) and more generalized terms such as colony, den, family, group, or pack. An even greater diversity of names is used to describe human social groups. Names such as class, congregation, platoon, squad, ......
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pack animal (transportation)
any domesticated animal that is used to carry freight, goods, or supplies. The ass or donkey is the oldest-known pack animal, having been in use possibly as early as 3500 bc. Pack animals are most often used in terrain where wheeled vehicles would encounter difficulty. Camels, for example, are used in the desert, horses and mules are used in mountainous terrain, and ...
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pack ice (ice formation)
any area of sea ice (ice formed by freezing of seawater) that is not landfast; it is mobile by virtue of not being attached to the shoreline or something else. Pack ice expands in the winter and retreats in the summer in both hemispheres to cover about 5 percent of the northern oceans and 8 percent of the southern oceans. See also sea ice....
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Pack, Otto von (German politician)
German politician whose intrigues and forgeries almost caused a general war between Germany’s Catholic and Protestant princes in 1528....
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pack skating (sport)
Controversies surrounding the speed skating competition drew much attention. Pack-style skating was introduced, whereby the competitors raced each other instead of skating in pairs and racing against the clock. Europeans, unfamiliar with this style, fared poorly as two Americans, Irving Jaffee and Jack Shea, swept the events, each winning two gold medals. Legendary Finnish speed skater Clas......
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package (electronics)
...their reliability, these circuits depend on insulating materials that can serve as substrates (that is, the bases on which the microscopic electronic components and their connections are built) and packages (that is, the structures that seal a circuit from the environment and make it a single, compact unit). The insulating properties of ceramics are well known, and these properties have found.....
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package ceramics
advanced industrial materials that, owing to their insulating qualities, are useful in the production of electronic components....
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package plant (sanitation engineering)
...efficient for treating small sewage flows from motels, schools, and other relatively isolated wastewater sources. Both of these treatments are usually provided in prefabricated steel tanks called package plants (see figure). Oxygen aeration systems mix pure oxygen with activated sludge. A richer concentration of oxygen allows the aeration time to be shortened from six to two hours, reducing......
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packaging
the technology and art of preparing a commodity for convenient transport, storage, and sale....
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Packard (American car)
Other motorcars of this type included the Hispano-Suiza of Spain and France; the Bugatti, Delage, Delahaye, Hotchkiss, Talbot (Darracq), and Voisin of France; the Duesenberg, Cadillac, Packard, and Pierce-Arrow of the United States; the Horch, Maybach, and Mercedes-Benz of Germany; the Belgian Minerva; and the Italian......
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Packard, Clarissa (American writer and publisher)
popular American writer and publisher, much of whose work reflected her conviction of the importance of the family as a foundation for societal harmony....
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Packard, David (American engineer)
American electrical engineer and entrepreneur who cofounded the Hewlett-Packard Company, a manufacturer of computers, computer printers, and analytic and measuring equipment....
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Packard, James Ward (American manufacturer)
...Eli Olds, whose name is familiar from the long-lived Oldsmobile, was also active in gasoline-engine research in the 1890s, after initially being interested in steam; so were Alexander Winton and James Ward Packard. By 1898 more than 100 companies had been organized with the intent of automobile manufacture....
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Packard, Sophia B. (American educator)
American educator, cofounder in Atlanta, Georgia, of a school for African American women that would eventually become Spelman College....
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Packard, Vance Oakley (American social critic and author)
U.S. social critic and author of the 1957 best-selling book The Hidden Persuaders, in which he deplored manipulative advertising techniques that used subliminal images and symbols to stimulate consumer sales (b. May 22, 1914--d. Dec. 12, 1996)....
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packed red blood cell (biology)
Packed red blood cells are what remains of whole blood after the plasma and platelets have been removed. A 450-millilitre unit of whole blood is reduced to a 220-millilitre volume. Packed red blood cells are used most often to raise a low hemoglobin or hematocrit level in patients with chronic anemia or mild hemorrhage....
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packed-column chromatography (chemistry)
...is along a coordinate much longer than its width. There are two basic geometries: columnar and planar. In column chromatography the stationary phase is contained in a tube called the column. A packed column contains particles that either constitute or support the stationary phase, and the mobile phase flows through the channels of the interstitial spaces. Theory has shown that performance......
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Packer, Alferd (American criminal)
...by farmlands, Littleton is now largely suburban and effectively indistinguishable from adjoining communities in the Denver metropolitan area. Alfred (or Alferd) Packer (1842–1907), infamous as a murderer and cannibal, lived in Littleton during the last years of his life and is buried in the city’s historic cemetery; his grave....
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Packer, Alfred (American criminal)
...by farmlands, Littleton is now largely suburban and effectively indistinguishable from adjoining communities in the Denver metropolitan area. Alfred (or Alferd) Packer (1842–1907), infamous as a murderer and cannibal, lived in Littleton during the last years of his life and is buried in the city’s historic cemetery; his grave....
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Packer, Asa (American philanthropist)
The university was founded in 1865 by industrialist and philanthropist Asa Packer. Because of Packer’s generous donations, there was no tuition charge from 1871 to 1891. Women were admitted into graduate programs about 1916 and as undergraduates in 1971. Notable alumni include geodesist William Bowie and automobile executive Lee Iacocca....
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Packer, Kerry (Australian television executive)
Australian media magnate (b. Dec. 17, 1937, Sydney, Australia—d. Dec. 26, 2005, Sydney), was at his death the richest man in Australia, with an estimated wealth of A$7 billion (about US$5 billion). Packer was also known for having created (1977) World Series Cricket, which challenged the traditional governance of international cricket. He was the younger son of Sir Frank Packer, founder (19...
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packet transmission (communications)
...communication is necessary. An example of this type of network is the traditional (analog) telephone system. A packet-switched network, on the other hand, routes digital data in small pieces called packets, each of which proceeds independently through the network. In a process called store-and-forward, each packet is temporarily stored at each intermediate node, then forwarded when the next......
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