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angelic acid (chemical compound)
...as Plexiglas and Lucite. The trans isomer of crotonic acid is found in croton oil. The cis isomer does not occur in nature but has been synthesized in the laboratory. Angelic and tiglic acids are a pair of cis-trans isomers. Angelic acid is found as an ester in angelica root, whereas tiglic acid occurs in croton oil and in several....
Angelic Avengers, The (work by Dinesen)
...the English hunter Denys Finch Hatton, and the disappearance of the simple African way of life she admired. In 1944 she produced her only novel Gengældelsens veje (The Angelic Avengers) under the pseudonym Pierre Andrézel. It is a melodramatic tale of innocents who defeat their apparently benevolent but actually evil captor, but Danish readers saw......
Angelic Salutation (prayer)
a principal prayer of the Roman Catholic Church, comprising three parts addressed to the Virgin Mary. The following are the Latin text and an English translation:Ave Maria...
angelica (wine)
sweet, fortified dessert wine said to have originated near Los Angeles, for which it is named. Angelica is one of the oldest California wines; it was probably originally made from the mission grape, a European variety brought to California in the 18th century by Spanish padres. Early versions of angelica were occasionally extraordinary; some ...
angelica (plant)
large genus of aromatic herbs of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The roots and fruit of the Eurasian species, Angelica archangelica (see ), yield angelica oil used to flavour liqueurs and in perfumery, while the tender shoots are used in making certain kinds of aromatic sweetmeats; tea made from the roots and leaves is a traditional med...
angelica (musical instrument)
There were three main varieties of archlute: the chitarrone, theorbo (qq.v.), and theorbo-lute, or French lute. The angelica, or angel lute, of the 17th and 18th centuries, was related but had diatonically tuned strings and no frets....
Angelica (fictional character)
fictional character who is beloved by Orlando (Roland) in two epic Italian poems, Matteo Maria Boiardo’s Orlando innamorato (1483; Roland in Love) and Ludovico Ariosto’s Orlando furioso (1516; Mad Roland)....
Angelica archangelica (herb)
large genus of aromatic herbs of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The roots and fruit of the Eurasian species, Angelica archangelica (see photograph), yield angelica oil used to flavour liqueurs and in perfumery, while the tender shoots are used in making certain kinds of aromatic sweetmeats; tea made from the roots and leaves is a traditional medicine......
angelica root (plant part)
...does not occur in nature but has been synthesized in the laboratory. Angelic and tiglic acids are a pair of cis-trans isomers. Angelic acid is found as an ester in angelica root, whereas tiglic acid occurs in croton oil and in several other natural products....
Angelica sylvestris (herb)
...the roots and leaves is a traditional medicine for respiratory ailments. In the Faroe Islands and in Iceland, where the plant grows abundantly, it is considered a vegetable. The British species, A. sylvestris, is a tall perennial herb with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or purple flowers. The common name alexanders is applied to A. atropurpurea in the......
angelica tree (tree)
(species Aralia spinosa), prickly-stemmed shrub or tree, of the ginseng family (Araliaceae), that can reach a height of 15 m (about 50 feet). Its leaves are large, with leaflets arranged feather-fashion and often prickly. The angelica tree is nati...
Angelicals of St. Paul (Roman Catholic order)
Zaccaria’s congregation preached and administered charitable work among the Milanese and was approved by Pope Clement VII in 1533. Zaccaria later founded the Angelicals of St. Paul, a similar order for women, which Pope Paul III approved in 1535. The two congregations performed missionary and educational work in Milan and elsewhere, using the teachings of the Apostle St. Paul as their guide...
Angelico, Beato (Italian painter)
Italian painter, one of the greatest 15th-century painters, whose works within the framework of the early Renaissance style embody a serene religious attitude and reflect a strong Classical influence. A great number of works executed during his career are altarpieces and frescoes created for the church and the priory of San Marco in Florence while he was in residence there....
Angelico, Fra (Italian painter)
Italian painter, one of the greatest 15th-century painters, whose works within the framework of the early Renaissance style embody a serene religious attitude and reflect a strong Classical influence. A great number of works executed during his career are altarpieces and frescoes created for the church and the priory of San Marco in Florence while he was in residence there....
Angelini, Anacleto (Chilean industrialist)
Jan. 17, 1914Bondeno, near Ferrara, ItalyAug. 28, 2007Santiago, ChileItalian-born Chilean industrialist who amassed a personal fortune of about $6 billion as a shrewd businessman who turned a succession of poorly run firms into successful enterprises after immigrating to Chile in 1948. He p...
Angelini, Giuseppe (Italian sculptor)
...a painter, regrettably bad. His pupil and collaborator, Antonio d’Este, is one of the more interesting of the lesser Italian Neoclassical sculptors. Other Neoclassical sculptors in Rome included Giuseppe Angelini, best known for the tomb of the etcher and architect Giambattista Piranesi in the church of Sta. Maria del Priorato, Rome....
Angélique (opera by Ibert)
...(1922; “Ports of Call”). From 1937 until 1960 Ibert was director of the French Academy in Rome. He wrote for almost every genre. Of his seven operas the most successful was Angélique (1926). The brilliantly witty Divertissement (1930) was a popular orchestral piece....
Angélique, Mère (French abbess)
monastic reformer who was abbess of the important Jansenist centre of Port-Royal de Paris. She was one of six sisters of the prominent Jansenist theologian Antoine Arnauld (the Great Arnauld)....
Angélique, Pierre (French author)
French librarian and writer whose essays, novels, and poetry expressed his fascination with eroticism, mysticism, and the irrational. He viewed excess as a way to gain personal “sovereignty.”...
Angell, James Burrill (American educator)
educator and diplomat who elevated the University of Michigan to academic prominence during his 38 years as its president....
Angell, James Rowland (American psychologist and educator)
psychologist and university president who rebuilt and reorganized Yale University in the 1920s and ’30s....
Angell, Robert Cooley (American sociologist)
American sociologist known for his studies of individuals interacting in social groups such as government units, the church, the family, business enterprises, clubs, cooperatives, and other associations....
Angell, Roger (American author and editor)
American author and editor who is considered one of the best baseball writers of all time....
Angell, Sir Norman (British economist)
English economist and worker for international peace, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1933....
Angell-Lane, Ralph Norman (British economist)
English economist and worker for international peace, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1933....
Angelman syndrome (genetic disorder)
Epigenetic contributions to disease fall into two classes. One class involves genes that are themselves regulated epigenetically, such as the imprinted (parent-specific) genes associated with Angelman syndrome or Prader-Willi syndrome. Clinical outcomes in cases of these syndromes depend on the degree to which an inherited normal or mutated gene is or is not expressed. The other class involves......
Angelo (fictional character)
The play opens with Vincentio, the benevolent duke of Vienna, commissioning his deputy Angelo to govern the city while he travels to Poland. In actuality, the duke remains in Vienna disguised as a friar in order to watch what unfolds. Following the letter of the law, Angelo passes the death sentence on Claudio, a nobleman convicted for impregnating his betrothed, Juliet. Claudio’s sister......
Angelo, Domenico (Italian fencing master)
Italian fencing master. Angelo was the first to emphasize fencing as a means of developing health, poise, and grace. As a result of his insight and influence, fencing changed from an art of war to a sport....
Angelo Malevolti Tremamondo, Domenico (Italian fencing master)
Italian fencing master. Angelo was the first to emphasize fencing as a means of developing health, poise, and grace. As a result of his insight and influence, fencing changed from an art of war to a sport....
Angelo State College (university, San Angelo, Texas, United States)
public, coeducational institution of higher education located in San Angelo, Texas, U.S. Angelo State is a regional university serving western Texas. It offers bachelor’s degrees through the school of education and colleges of liberal and fine arts...
Angelo State University (university, San Angelo, Texas, United States)
public, coeducational institution of higher education located in San Angelo, Texas, U.S. Angelo State is a regional university serving western Texas. It offers bachelor’s degrees through the school of education and colleges of liberal and fine arts...
angelology (religion)
...adoption of concepts from outside and reactions against them. The speculative taste of Jewish thinkers between the 2nd century bce and the 1st century ce took them in many different directions: angelology (doctrine about angels) and demonology (doctrine about devils); mythical geography and uranography (description of the heavens); contemplation of the divine manifes...
Angelopoulos, Théo (Greek film director)
Among the outstanding figures of European cinema were Pedro Almodóvar of Spain, Manoel de Oliveira of Portugal, Théo Angelopoulos of Greece, Aki Kaurismäki of Finland, and Nanni Moretti of Italy. Almodóvar, who had broken sexual taboos in his early work, entered a mature period of great human subtlety and complexity in the 1990s with such works as La.....
Angelos family (Byzantine family)
family that produced three Byzantine emperors—Isaac II, Alexius III, and Alexius IV Angelus. The Angelus family was of no particular significance until the 12th century, when Theodora, youngest daughter of the emperor Alexius I Comnenus, married Constantine Angelus of Philadelphia (in Anatolia). Nume...
Angelo’s School of Arms (school, London, England, United Kingdom)
...Irish actress Margaret (“Peg”) Woffington, who was on tour in Paris, and accompanied her back to London, where he quickly established his reputation as an expert fencer. He soon opened Angelo’s School of Arms in Soho, and by 1758 he was instructing members of the royal family, including the prince of Wales (later King George III) and his brother, Prince Edward Augustus. His...
Angelou, Maya (American poet)
American poet whose several volumes of autobiography explore the themes of economic, racial, and sexual oppression....
Angels (work by Bernini)
...and simplified yet emphatic emotional expression. The same characteristics are already found in the figures supporting the Throne of St. Peter and culminate in the moving Angels for the Sant’Angelo Bridge in Rome, which Bernini redecorated with the help of assistants between 1667 and 1671. Pope Clement IX (1667–69) so prized the ......
Angels (American baseball team)
American professional baseball team based in Anaheim, Calif., that plays in the American League (AL). The Angels won a World Series title in 2002, their first appearance in the “Fall Classic.”...
Angels & Demons (film by Howard)
...a fresh cast and a fast-paced, witty “prequel” narrative. Following The Da Vinci Code (2006), Ron Howard and lead actor Tom Hanks teamed up again in the moderately improved Angels & Demons, adapted from an earlier Dan Brown novel of ponderous religious intrigue. Roland Emmerich, specialist in science-fiction bonanzas, returned with the doomsday drama......
Angels & Demons (novel by Brown)
...Digital Fortress (1998). Centred on clandestine organizations and code breaking, the novel became a model for Brown’s later works. In his next novel, Angels & Demons (2000), Brown introduced Robert Langdon, a Harvard professor of symbology. The fast-paced thriller follows Langdon’s attempts to protect the Vatican from the Il...
Angels in America (American television miniseries)
...installment of a popular comedy trilogy that featured George Clooney and Brad Pitt. Pacino earned an Emmy and a Golden Globe Award for his role as homophobic lawyer Roy Cohn in Angels in America (2003), an HBO miniseries about AIDS in the 1980s; it also starred Emma Thompson and Meryl Streep. His other television credits include an Emmy- and Golden Globe-winning......
Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes (play by Kushner)
...had gained attention with A Bright Room Called Day (1991), set in Germany in 1932–33; he won Broadway fame with his epically ambitious two-part drama Angels in America (1991–92), which combined comedy with pain, symbolism with personal history, and invented characters with historical ones. A committed political writer, Kushner ofte...
Angels of Major League Baseball (American baseball team)
American professional baseball team based in Anaheim, Calif., that plays in the American League (AL). The Angels won a World Series title in 2002, their first appearance in the “Fall Classic.”...
Angels with Dirty Faces (film by Curtiz [1938])
American gangster film, released in 1938, that is considered a classic of the genre, influencing countless subsequent movies....
Angelus family (Byzantine family)
family that produced three Byzantine emperors—Isaac II, Alexius III, and Alexius IV Angelus. The Angelus family was of no particular significance until the 12th century, when Theodora, youngest daughter of the emperor Alexius I Comnenus, married Constantine Angelus of Philadelphia (in Anatolia). Nume...
Angelus, Isaac (Byzantine emperor)
Byzantine emperor, who, although incapable of stemming administrative abuses, partly succeeded, by his defeat of the Serbians in 1190, in retrieving imperial fortunes in the Balkans....
Angelus Silesius (Polish poet)
religious poet remembered primarily as the author of Der Cherubinischer Wandersmann (1674; “The Cherubic Wanderer”), a major work of Roman Catholic mysticism....
Angelus Temple (church, Los Angeles, California, United States)
...baptism, healing, and the Second Coming of Christ. These four themes became the hallmark of her preaching, and in a short time hundreds flocked to her meetings; in two years she was able to dedicate Angelus Temple in Los Angeles as the “mother church” of the Foursquare Gospel Association. From 1923 the organization grew to national and international importance....
anger (psychology)
...wrote Aristotle (384–322 bce), “are all those feelings that so change men as to affect their judgements, and that are also attended by pain or pleasure. Such are anger, pity, fear and the like, with their opposites.” Emotion is indeed a heterogeneous category that encompasses a wide variety of important psychological phenomena. Some emotions are very......
Anger, Kenneth (American filmmaker and author)
American independent filmmaker and author....
Anger, Per Johan Valentin (Swedish diplomat)
Swedish diplomat (b. Dec. 7, 1913, Göteborg, Swed.—d. Aug. 25, 2002, Stockholm, Swed.), helped save thousands of Hungarian Jews from being transported to Nazi death camps during World War II. Anger, a member of the Swedish legation in Bud...
Angerboda (Norse mythology)
...he was the principal cause of the death of the god Balder. Loki was punished by being bound to a rock, thus in many ways resembling the Greek figures Prometheus and Tantalus. Loki created a female, Angerboda (Angrboda: “Distress Bringer”), and produced three evil progeny: Hel, the goddess of death; Jörmungand, the evil serpent surrounding the world; and Fenrir......
Angereb River (river, East Africa)
...It rises in Ethiopia at heights of 6,000 to 10,000 feet above sea level, not far from Gonder, to the north of Lake Tana. The two principal tributaries that feed the Atbara are the Angereb (Arabic: Baḥr al-Salam) and the Tekezo (Amharic: “Terrible”; Arabic: Nahr Satīt). The Tekezo is the most important of these, having a basin more than double the area of the Atbara.....
Angerman River (river, Sweden)
river in the län (counties) of Västerbotten and Västernorrland, northern Sweden. It rises in Swedish Lapland near the Norwegian border and flows in a winding course for 285 miles (460 km) southeast past Vilhelmina, Åsele, Sollefteå, and Kramfors, emptying into the Gulf of Bothnia...
Ångermanälven (river, Sweden)
river in the län (counties) of Västerbotten and Västernorrland, northern Sweden. It rises in Swedish Lapland near the Norwegian border and flows in a winding course for 285 miles (460 km) southeast past Vilhelmina, Åsele, Sollefteå, and Kramfors, emptying into the Gulf of Bothnia...
Ångermanland (province, Sweden)
landskap (province) in northeastern Sweden. It is bounded on the east by the Gulf of Bothnia, on the south and west by the landskap (provinces) of Medelpad and Jämtland, and on the north by those of Lappland and Västerbotten. The northeastern corner of Ångermanland is incl...
Angers (France)
city, capital of Maine-et-Loire département, Pays de la Loire région, western France. Angers is the former capital of Anjou and lies along the Maine River 5 miles (8 km) above the latter’s junction with the ...
Angers Apocalypse (tapestry)
...of the warp influences the thickness of the tapestry fabric. In Europe during the Middle Ages, the thickness of the wool tapestry fabric in such works as the 14th-century Angers Apocalypse tapestry was about 10 to 12 threads to the inch (5 to the centimetre). By the 16th century the tapestry grain had gradually become finer as tapestry more closely imitated......
Angers, Marie-Louise-Félicité (Canadian author)
...were nevertheless attempted: Eudore Evanturel’s Premières poésies (1878; “First Poems”) broke with conventional imagery, and Quebec’s first woman novelist, Laure Conan (the pen name of Marie-Louise-Félicité Angers), published a sophisticated psychological novel, Angéline de Montbrun (1881–82; Eng. tr...
Angerstein, John Julius (British merchant)
The National Gallery was founded in 1824 when the British government bought a collection of 38 paintings from the estate of the merchant John Julius Angerstein (1735–1823). The collection was first exhibited on May 10 of that year in......
Angevin dynasty (royal house of England)
royal house of England, which reigned from 1154 to 1485 and provided 14 kings, 6 of whom belonged to the cadet houses of Lancaster and York. The royal line descended from the union between Geoffrey, count of Anjou (d. 1151)...
Angevin Dynasty (French dynasty)
...(1213–1488); three Capetian emperors of Constantinople (1216–61), of the house of Courtenay; various counts of Artois (from 1237), with controversial succession; the first Capetian house of Anjou, with kings and queens of Naples (1266–1435) and kings of Hungary (1310–82); the house of Évreux, with three kings of Navarre (1328–1425); the second Capetian....
Angevin empire (historical empire, Europe)
the territories, extending in the latter part of the 12th century from Scotland to the Pyrenees, that were ruled by the English king Henry II and his immediate successors, Richard I and John; they were called the Angevin kings because Henry’s father was count of Anjou. Henry acquired most of his continental possessions before becoming king of England. By inheritance thro...
Anghiera, Pietro Martire d’ (Italian chaplain and historian of the Spanish court)
chaplain to the court of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile, and historian of Spanish explorations, who became a member of Emperor Charles V’s Council of the Indies (1518). He collected unidentified documents from the various discoverers, including ...
Angilbert (Frankish poet)
Frankish poet and prelate at the court of Charlemagne....
angina pectoris (pathology)
spasm of pain in the chest, usually caused by the inability of diseased coronary arteries to deliver sufficient oxygen-laden blood to the heart muscle. When insufficient blood reaches the heart, waste products accumulate in the heart muscle and irritate local nerv...
angiocardiography (medicine)
method of following the passage of blood through the heart and great vessels by means of the intravenous injection of a radiopaque fluid, whose passage is followed by serialized X-ray pictures. A thin plastic tube (catheter) is positioned into a heart chamber by inserting it into an artery, usually in the arm, threading it through the vessel ...
angioedema (pathology)
allergic disorder in which large, localized, painless swellings similar to hives appear under the skin. The swelling is caused by massive accumulation of fluid (edema) following exposure to an allergen (a substance to which the person has been sensitized) or, in cases with a hereditary disposition, after infection or injury. The reaction appears suddenly and persists for a few h...
angiogenesis (biology)
formation of new blood vessels. Angiogenesis is a normal process during growth of the body and in the body’s replacement of damaged tissue. However, it can also occur under abnormal conditions, such as in tumour progression. At some point, after months or even years as a harmless cluster of cells, tumours may suddenly begin to generat...
angiogenesis inhibitor (drug)
substance that blocks the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. In cancer the progression of tumour development requires the growth of capillaries that supply tumour cells with oxygen and nutrients, and interfering with this essential step is a promising ther...
angiography (medicine)
diagnostic imaging procedure in which arteries and veins are examined by using a contrast agent and X-ray technology. Blood vessels cannot be differentiated from the surrounding organs in conventional radiography. It is therefore necessary to inject into the lumen of the vessels a sub...
angiohemophilia (pathology)
inherited blood disorder characterized by a prolonged bleeding time and a deficiency of factor VIII, an important blood-clotting agent. This disorder is due to deficiencies in von Willebrand factor (vWF), a molecule that facilitates platelet adhesion and is a plasma carrier for factor VIII. Symptoms usually include abnorma...
angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (pathology)
sex-linked hereditary disease in which a deficiency in the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A results in abnormal deposits of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide trihexoside) in the blood vessels. These deposits in turn produce heart and kidney d...
Angiolieri, Cecco (Italian poet)
poet who is considered by some the first master of Italian comic verse....
Angiolini, Gaspare (Italian choreographer and composer)
Italian choreographer and composer who was among the first to integrate dance, music, and plot in dramatic ballets....
Angiolini, Gasparo (Italian choreographer and composer)
Italian choreographer and composer who was among the first to integrate dance, music, and plot in dramatic ballets....
angioma (medicine)
congenital mass of blood vessels that intrudes into bone or other tissues, causing tissue death and, in the case of bone, structural weakening. Angiomas of the bone are often associated with angiomas of the skin or muscles. Most angiomas remain asymptomatic, but they may cause collapse of the vertebrae if t...
angioneurotic edema (pathology)
allergic disorder in which large, localized, painless swellings similar to hives appear under the skin. The swelling is caused by massive accumulation of fluid (edema) following exposure to an allergen (a substance to which the person has been sensitized) or, in cases with a hereditary disposition, after infection or injury. The reaction appears suddenly and persists for a few h...
angioplasty (medicine)
Therapeutic opening of a blocked blood vessel. Usually a balloon is inflated near the end of a catheter (see catheterization) to flatten plaques (see atherosclerosis) against an artery’s wall. Performed on a coronar...
Angiopteris (fern genus)
...fleshy stipules (appendages at leaf base); sporangia eusporangiate, in sori, or more or less coalescent in synangia (clusters); homosporous; mostly massive, fleshy ferns; 4 modern genera (Angiopteris, Christensenia, Marattia, and Danaea) with about 150 species, widely distributed in tropical regions....
Angiopteris evecta (fern)
...The family contains four genera and some 150 modern species of large tropical and subtropical ferns with stout, erect stems. The leaves (fronds) may be very large in some species, such as Angiopteris evecta, which may have a stem 60 to 180 cm (2 to 6 feet) in height and leaves 4.5 metres (15 feet) or more in length....
angiosarcoma (pathology)
...to high levels of vinyl chloride, a hydrocarbon compound from which the widely used plastic polyvinyl chloride is synthesized, have relatively high rates of a rare form of liver cancer called angiosarcoma....
angiosperm (plant)
any member of the more than 300,000 species of flowering plants (division Anthophyta), the largest and most diverse group within the kingdom Plantae. Angiosperms represent approximately 80 percent of all the known green plants now living. The angiosperms are vascular seed p...
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (botanical classification system)
...the taxonomy of the angiosperms is still incompletely known, the latest classification system incorporates a large body of comparative data derived from studies of DNA sequences. It is known as the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (APG II) botanical classification system. The angiosperms came to be considered a group at the division level (comparable to the phylum level in animal classification......
Angiospermae (plant)
any member of the more than 300,000 species of flowering plants (division Anthophyta), the largest and most diverse group within the kingdom Plantae. Angiosperms represent approximately 80 percent of all the known green plants now living. The angiosperms are vascular seed p...
angiotensin (peptide)
a peptide, one form of which, angiotensin II, causes constriction of blood vessels....
angiotensin converting enzyme (enzyme)
...of a renal artery. Renin catalyzes the conversion of a plasma protein called angiotensinogen into a decapeptide (consisting of 10 amino acids) called angiotensin I. An enzyme in the serum called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) then converts angiotensin I into an octapeptide (consisting of eight amino acids) called angiotensin II. Angiotensin II acts via specific receptors in the adrenal......
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (drug)
...activation of AT1 receptors. Thus, it was assumed that drugs that inhibit ACE would lower blood pressure. This assumption turned out to be correct, and a class of antihypertensive drugs called ACE inhibitors was developed. Similarly, once the role of AT1 receptors in blood pressure maintenance was understood, it was assumed that drugs that could block AT1 receptors would produce......
angiotensin I (peptide)
...universities, and government research laboratories around the world. Two important steps in production of the physiological effect of the renin-angiotensin system are the conversion of inactive angiotensin I to active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the interaction of angiotensin II with its physiologic receptors, including AT1 receptors. Angiotensin II interacts......
angiotensin II (peptide)
...research laboratories around the world. Two important steps in production of the physiological effect of the renin-angiotensin system are the conversion of inactive angiotensin I to active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the interaction of angiotensin II with its physiologic receptors, including AT1 receptors. Angiotensin II interacts with AT1 receptors to......
angiotensinogen (biochemistry)
...by loss of sodium and water (as a result of diarrhea, persistent vomiting, or excessive perspiration) or by narrowing of a renal artery. Renin catalyzes the conversion of a plasma protein called angiotensinogen into a decapeptide (consisting of 10 amino acids) called angiotensin I. An enzyme in the serum called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) then converts angiotensin I into an......
angiotonin (peptide)
...research laboratories around the world. Two important steps in production of the physiological effect of the renin-angiotensin system are the conversion of inactive angiotensin I to active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the interaction of angiotensin II with its physiologic receptors, including AT1 receptors. Angiotensin II interacts with AT1 receptors to......
Angkasawan (Malaysian spaceflight program)
He was selected in 2006 from among 11,000 applicants to enter the Malaysian spaceflight program, Angkasawan. Angkasawan was the product of a Malaysian-Russian agreement in which Malaysia purchased 18 Russian fighter jets and Russia arranged to train and fly a Malaysian cosmonaut on a mission to the International Space Station (ISS)....
angklung (musical instrument)
A sliding rattle called angklung, found only in Indonesia, consists of several tuned bamboo tubes with cut-back tongues, inserted into a frame; they slide back and forth when the frame is shaken....
Angkor (ancient city, Cambodia)
archaeological site in what is now northwestern Cambodia, just 4 miles (6 km) north of the modern town of Siĕmréab. It was the capital of the Khmer (Cambodian) empire from the 9th to the 15th century, a period that is considered the classical era of Cambodian history. Its most imposing monuments are Angkor Wat...
Angkor Thom (temple complex, Angkor, Cambodia)
...the classical era of Cambodian history. Its most imposing monuments are Angkor Wat, a temple complex built in the 12th century by King Suryavarman II (reigned 1113–c. 1150), and Angkor Thom, a temple complex built about 1200 by King Jayavarman VII. (See also Southeast Asian arts: Kingdom of Khmer: 9th to 13th century.)...
Angkor Thom (ancient city, Cambodia)
archaeological site in what is now northwestern Cambodia, just 4 miles (6 km) north of the modern town of Siĕmréab. It was the capital of the Khmer (Cambodian) empire from the 9th to the 15th century, a period that is considered the classical era of Cambodian history. Its most imposing monuments are Angkor Wat...
Angkor Wat (temple complex, Angkor, Cambodia)
...It was the capital of the Khmer (Cambodian) empire from the 9th to the 15th century, a period that is considered the classical era of Cambodian history. Its most imposing monuments are Angkor Wat, a temple complex built in the 12th century by King Suryavarman II (reigned 1113–c. 1150), and Angkor Thom, a temple complex built about 1200 by King Jayavarman VII.......
anglaise (calligraphy)
in calligraphy, dominant style among 18th-century writing masters, whose copybooks were splendidly printed from models engraved on copper. The alphabet was fundamentally uncomplicated, but the basic strokes were often concealed in luxuriant flourishing and dazzling professional displays of “command of hand.” Hence, the 19th-century term copperplate hand usua...
Angle (people)
member of a Germanic people, which, together with the Jutes, Saxons, and probably the Frisians, invaded England in the 5th century ad. The Angles gave their name to England, as well as to the word Englisc, used even by Saxon writers to denote their vernacular tongue. The Angles are first mentioned by Tacitus (1st century ad) as worshipers of the deity Nerthus. According...