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Allen, Stephen Valentine Patrick William (American entertainer)
pioneer American television entertainer, versatile author, songwriter, and comedian who performed in radio, motion pictures, and theatre as well as television. Allen wrote a sidebar on The Tonight Show for the Encyclopædia Britannica (see Sidebar: The Tonight Show)....
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Allen, Steve (American entertainer)
pioneer American television entertainer, versatile author, songwriter, and comedian who performed in radio, motion pictures, and theatre as well as television. Allen wrote a sidebar on The Tonight Show for the Encyclopædia Britannica (see Sidebar: The Tonight Show)....
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Allen Telescope Array
...a new instrument, jointly built by the SETI Institute and the University of California at Berkeley and designed for round-the-clock SETI observations, began operation in northeastern California. The Allen Telescope Array (named after its principal funder, American technologist Paul Allen) is planned to have 350 small (6 metres [20 feet] in diameter) antennas and to be hundreds of times faster.....
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Allen, Viola Emily (American actress)
American actress, especially famous for her Shakespearean roles and for her roles in Frances Eliza Burnett’s Little Lord Fauntleroy and Bronson Howard’s Shenandoah, both extremely popular plays....
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Allen, Walter (British writer)
British novelist and critic best known for the breadth and accessibility of his criticism....
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Allen, Walter Ernest (British writer)
British novelist and critic best known for the breadth and accessibility of his criticism....
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Allen, William (English cardinal)
English cardinal and scholar who supervised the preparation of the Roman Catholic Douai-Reims translation of the Bible and engaged in intrigues against the Protestant regime of Queen Elizabeth I....
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Allen, William (United States chief justice)
city, seat (1812) of Lehigh county, eastern Pennsylvania, U.S. Situated on the Lehigh River, Allentown, with Bethlehem and Easton, forms an industrial complex. William Allen, mayor of Philadelphia and later chief justice of Pennsylvania, laid out the town (1762), naming it Northampton. It was incorporated as the borough of Northampton in 1811 and was later (1838) officially renamed Allentown......
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Allen, William Hervey, Jr. (American author)
American poet, biographer, and novelist who had a great impact on popular literature with his historical novel Anthony Adverse....
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Allen, Woody (American actor and director)
American motion-picture director, screenwriter, actor, and author, best known for his bittersweet comic films containing elements of parody, slapstick, and the absurd. He was also known as a sympathetic director for women, writing strong and well-defined characters for them. Among his featured performers were Diane Keaton and Mia Farrow, with both of whom he was romantically inv...
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allen wrench (tool)
Recessed-head screws or set screws commonly have a hexagonally shaped recess and require a special wrench, usually referred to as an allen wrench; it consists of a hexagonal bar of tool steel shaped into the form of an L, either end of which fits into the recess....
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Allenby, Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount (British field marshal)
field marshal, the last great British leader of mounted cavalry, who directed the Palestine campaign in World War I....
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Allendale (county, South Carolina, United States)
county, southern South Carolina, U.S. It is a rural area on the Coastal Plain. The Savannah River border with Georgia defines the western boundary, the Salkehatchie River the northeastern. It is also drained by the Coosawhatchie River. Much of the area is covered by pine and ...
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Allende carbonaceous chondrite (meteorite)
meteorite that fell as a shower of stones (see meteorite shower) after breaking up in the atmosphere at Chihuahua, Mex., near the village of Pueblito de Allende, in February 1969. More than two tons of meteorite fragments were collected. Fortuitously, the Allende meteorite fell shortly before the first rock samples from the Moon were brought to Earth by...
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Allende Gossens, Salvador (president of Chile)
Chile’s first socialist president....
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Allende, Isabel (Chilean American author)
Chilean American writer in the magic realist tradition who is considered one of the first successful woman novelists from Latin America....
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Allende meteorite (meteorite)
meteorite that fell as a shower of stones (see meteorite shower) after breaking up in the atmosphere at Chihuahua, Mex., near the village of Pueblito de Allende, in February 1969. More than two tons of meteorite fragments were collected. Fortuitously, the Allende meteorite fell shortly before the first rock samples from the Moon were brought to Earth by...
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Allende, Salvador (president of Chile)
Chile’s first socialist president....
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Allenopithecus nigroviridis (primate)
small heavily built primate of the Congo River basin. It is dark olive in colour, with orange or whitish underside. The head and body length is about 450 mm (18 inches), and there is a somewhat longer tail; females weigh 3.7 kg (8 pounds) on average, males 6 kg. They live in groups of about 40, mainly in swamp forest, where they spend as much time on the groun...
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Allen’s bush baby (primate)
...one species, the dusky bush baby (G. matschiei), is restricted to the rainforests of eastern Congo (Kinshasa). They feed on gum, insects, pods, flowers, and leaves. The larger Allen’s bush baby (G. alleni) and its relatives live in the rainforests of west-central Africa, where they feed on fallen fruits and the insects that they find in them; they may be......
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Allenstein (Poland)
city, capital of Warmińsko-Mazurskie województwo (province), northeastern Poland. It lies along the Łyna River in the Masurian lake district. The city serves as a trade centre, with major rail and road connections, for the lake district. The Museum of Warmia and Mazury and a university are located in Olsztyn....
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Allentown (Pennsylvania, United States)
city, seat (1812) of Lehigh county, eastern Pennsylvania, U.S. Situated on the Lehigh River, Allentown, with Bethlehem and Easton, forms an industrial complex. William Allen, mayor of Philadelphia and later chief justice of Pennsylvania, laid out the town (1762), naming it Northampton. It was incorporated as the borough of Northampton in 181...
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Alleppey (India)
city, southern Kerala state, southwestern India. It lies on a narrow land spit between the Arabian Sea and Vembanad Lake, south of Kochi (Cochin), and is on the main road between Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum). Alappuzha’s port was opened to ...
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Allerdale (district, England, United Kingdom)
district, administrative county of Cumbria, historic county of Cumberland, northwestern England, in the northwestern part of the county along the coast of the Solway Firth. Except for its coastal plain on the west and northwest, Allerdale is a scenic d...
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allergen (medicine)
substance that in some persons induces the hypersensitive state of allergy and stimulates the formation of reaginic antibodies. Allergens may be naturally occurring or of synthetic origin and include pollen, mold spores, dust, animal dander, insect debris, foods, blood serum, and drugs. Identification of allergens is made by studying both the site of symptoms...
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allergenic disease
hypersensitivity reaction by the body to foreign substances (antigens) that in similar amounts and circumstances are harmless within the bodies of other people....
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allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (pathology)
Characteristic symptoms of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, seen especially in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases, include a chronic, productive cough and purulent sputum occasionally tinged with blood and flecks of white or brownish mycelium (fungus material). Severe invasive aspergillosis is almost entirely limited to those whose immune systems have been severely compromised,......
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allergic rhinitis (pathology)
seasonally recurrent bouts of sneezing, nasal congestion, and tearing and itching of the eyes caused by allergy to the pollen of certain plants, chiefly those depending upon the wind for cross-fertilization, such as ragweed in North America and timothy grass...
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allergy
hypersensitivity reaction by the body to foreign substances (antigens) that in similar amounts and circumstances are harmless within the bodies of other people....
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Allerheim, Battle of (European history)
...the Swedes advanced to the Danube and threatened Vienna. Reinforcements were also sent to assist the French campaign against Bavaria, and on August 3 Maximilian’s forces were decisively defeated at Allerheim....
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Allerød (geology)
...can be presented for the selection of the lower boundary of the Holocene at several different times in the past. Some Russian investigators have proposed a boundary at the beginning of the Allerød, a warm interstadial age that began about 12,000 bp. Others, in Alaska, proposed a Holocene section beginning at 6000 bp. Marine geologists have recognized a worldwi...
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alley cat (breed of cat)
breed of domestic cat often referred to as a common, or alley, cat; a good show animal, however, is purebred and pedigreed and has been carefully bred to conform to a set standard of appearance. The domestic shorthair is required by show standards to be a sturdily built cat with strong-boned legs and a round head with round eyes and ears that are rounded at the tips. The coat mu...
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Alley Theatre (theatre, Houston, Texas, United States)
A promising development was the establishment of regional theatres in and around the bigger centres of population. Pioneering theatres such as the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C., and the Alley Theatre in Houston, Texas, provided forums not only for a wide repertoire of world theatre but also for new playwrights and directors. As Broadway continued its decline, the regional theatres continued......
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Alleyn, Edward (English actor)
one of the greatest actors of the Elizabethan stage and founder of Dulwich College, London. Rivaled only by Richard Burbage, Alleyn won the outspoken admiration of such authors as Ben Jonson and Thomas Nashe for hi...
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Alleyne, Ellen (English poet)
one of the most important of English women poets both in range and quality. She excelled in works of fantasy, in poems for children, and in religious poetry....
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Allgäuer Alps (mountains, Germany)
Very small portions of the outer limestone (or calcareous) Alps extend from Austria into Germany. From west to east these are the Allgäuer Alps, the Wetterstein Alps—with Germany’s highest mountain, the Zugspitze—and the Berchtesgadener Alps. Like the North German Plain, the Alpine Foreland is fundamentally a depression filled with Tertiary gravels, sands, and clays, wh...
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Allgemeine Anatomie (work by Henle)
While professor of anatomy (1840–44) at the University of Zürich, he published his Allgemeine Anatomie (1841; “General Anatomy”), the first systematic treatise of histology, followed by the Handbuch der rationellen Pathologie, 2 vol. (1846–53; “Handbook of Rational Pathology”), written while he was professor of anatomy and pathology at...
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Allgemeine deutsche Bibliothek (edited by Nicolai)
...and Moses Mendelssohn, was a leader of the German Enlightenment (Aufklärung) and who, as editor of the reformist journal Allgemeine deutsche Bibliothek (“German General Library”), was critical of such younger writers as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe......
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Allgemeine Deutsche Burschenschaft (German student association)
...Decrees (1819), passed by a conference of ministers of the more important German states, forced Charles Augustus to curtail his subjects’ liberties once again. Nevertheless, his patronage of the Allgemeine Deutsche Burschenschaft (Young Germany Movement), a liberal, idealistic student association, from 1818 helped launch that......
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Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft (German company)
former German electronics and electrical-equipment company. As one of Germany’s leading industrial companies through much of the 19th and 20th centuries, AEG manufactured products for industrial and domestic use....
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Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste (German encyclopaedia)
(German: “Universal Encyclopaedia of Sciences and Arts”), monumental uncompleted German encyclopaedia of which 167 volumes were published from 1818 to 1889. Founded by a German bibliographer, Johann Samuel Ersch, who began work on it in 1813, the Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste is noteworthy for containing the longest known encyclopaedia ar...
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Allgemeine Kulturgeschichte (work by Henne am Rhyn)
His greatest work is considered to be the Allgemeine Kulturgeschichte, 8 vol. (1877–1908; “Universal History of Civilization”), from earliest times to the closing years of the 19th century. His other major book is the Kulturgeschichte des deutschen Volkes, 2 vol. (1903; “Cultural History of the German People”). He also wrote cultural histories of th...
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Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (German magazine)
...and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Propyläen (1798–1800), the influence of which was often greater than their duration. Of more general and lasting influence was the Allgemeine Literatur-zeitung (1785–1849), founded by Friedrich Justin Bertuch, “the father of the German periodical.”...
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Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung (German music journal)
...with far greater success insofar as he had no family to support. His reputation as a composer was steadily soaring both in Austria and abroad. The critics of the Leipzig Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, the most authoritative music journal in Europe, had long since passed from carping impertinence to unqualified praise, so that, although there were as yet no......
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“Allgemeine Psychopathologie” (work by Jaspers)
...1911, when he was only 28 years old, he was requested by Ferdinand Springer, a well-known publisher, to write a textbook on psychopathology; he completed the Allgemeine Psychopathologie (General Psychopathology, 1965) two years later. The work was distinguished by its critical approach to the various methods available for the study of psychiatry and by its attempt to synthesize......
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Allgemeine Theorie des Denkens und Empfindens (work by Eberhard)
...and the German writer C.F. Nicolai, an opponent of Kant. Consequently, in his Neue Apologie des Socrates (1772–78; “A New Apology for Socrates”) and in his Allgemeine Theorie des Denkens und Empfindens (1776; “General Theory of Thinking and Feeling”), Eberhard advocated the free examination of ......
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Allgemeine Zeitung (German newspaper)
(German: “General Newspaper”), greatest German newspaper in the 19th century, founded at Tübingen in 1798 by Johann Friedrich Cotta, later Freiherr (baron) von Cottendorf. Censorship and other pressures forced it to move successively to Stuttgart, Ulm, Augsburg, and Munich. The name has been carried on in a sense by the Frankfurter Allgemeine and the...
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Allgemeine-Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (German company)
former German electronics and electrical-equipment company. As one of Germany’s leading industrial companies through much of the 19th and 20th centuries, AEG manufactured products for industrial and domestic use....
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Allgemeine-SS (German military history)
...were trained and equipped along the lines of the regular army. By 1939 the SS, now numbering about 250,000 men, had become a massive and labyrinthian bureaucracy, divided mainly into two groups: the Allgemeine-SS (General SS) and the Waffen-SS (Armed SS)....
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Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein (political party, Germany)
The SPD traces its origins to the merger in 1875 of the General German Workers’ Union, led by Ferdinand Lassalle, and the Social Democratic Workers’ Party, headed by August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht. In 1890 it adopted its current name, the Social Democratic Party of Germany. The party’s early history was characterized by frequent and intense internal conflicts between so-c...
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Allgemeines Gelehrten-Lexicon (work compiled by Jöcher)
The first real effort toward a specialized encyclopaedia was made in the mid-18th century, and the subject field that it treated was biography. The Allgemeines Gelehrten-Lexicon (1750–51; “General Scholarly Lexicon”) was compiled by Christian Gottlieb Jöcher, a German biographer, and issued by Gleditsch, the publisher of both Hübner and....
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Allgemeines Landrecht
(“General State Law”), the law of the Prussian states, begun during the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–86) but not promulgated until 1794 under his successor, Frederick William II. It was to be enforced wherever it did not conflict with local customs. The code was adopted by other German states in t...
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Allgemeines Lexicon (work compiled by Jablonski)
...class of the country, who welcomed encyclopaedias designed to provide them with an adequate cultural background for polite society. Johann Theodor Jablonski’s illustrated Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) continued in this same style, and similar works were compiled by the Swiss theologian and philologist Jakob Christoph Iselin and Antonius Moratori (1727). Joh...
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Allgood family (British metalworkers)
japanned (varnished) tinplate produced in Wales at the Allgood family factory in Pontypool and later in Usk, Monmouthshire. It is distinguished from other japanned tinware by its distinctive lustre and unique durability. These features are the results of the experiments by craftsmen of the Allgood family, who also developed their own tinplating technique. The Pontypool factory was established......
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Allgood, Sara (Irish actress)
Irish character actress who performed in the original Sean O’Casey plays produced at Dublin’s Abbey Theatre and in many American motion pictures of the 1940s. Her early instructors included Frank and W.G. Fay, W.B. Yeats, and John Millingto...
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Alliaceae (plant family)
family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales, with about 30 genera and more than 670 species, distributed throughout most regions of the world, except for the tropics, Australia, and New Zealand. Members of the family have corms, bulbs, or underg...
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Alliance (Ohio, United States)
city, Stark county, northeastern Ohio, U.S., on the Mahoning River, about 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Canton. In 1854 the villages of Williamsport, Freedom, and Liberty were incorporated as the village of Alliance, so named for the junction and crossing there of the former New York Central and Pennsylvania railroads. The village of Mount Union became a part of Alliance in 1854...
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Alliance (United States ship)
On the final cruise of the Alliance (beginning in 1782), Barry ranged the shipping lanes from Bermuda to Cape Sable and captured four British ships. He fought the last battle of the war (March 1783) in the Straits of Florida, where he beat off three British frigates seeking to intercept him....
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alliance (politics)
in international relations, a formal agreement between two or more states for mutual support in case of war. Contemporary alliances provide for combined action on the part of two or more independent states and are generally defensive in nature, obligating allies to join forces if one or more of them is attacked by another state or coalition. Although alliances may be informal, t...
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Alliance ’90/The Greens (political party, Germany)
German environmentalist political party. It first won representation at the national level in 1983, and from 1998 to 2005 it formed a coalition government with the Social Democratic Party (SPD)....
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Alliance Between Church and State, The (work by Warburton)
Ordained priest in 1727, Warburton was appointed to the parish of Brant Broughton, Lincolnshire, the following year. During his 18 years at Brant Broughton, Warburton wrote The Alliance Between Church and State (1736) and The Divine Legation of Moses, 2 vol. (1737–41). In The Alliance he advocated tolerance by the established Anglican church for those whose beliefs......
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Alliance Canadienne (political party, Canada)
former Canadian populist conservative political party, largely based in the western provinces....
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Alliance des Ba-Kongo (political party, Zaire)
...immediate independence precipitated the political awakening of the Congolese population. Penned by a group of Bakongo évolués affiliated with the Alliance des Bakongo (ABAKO), an association based in Léopoldville (now Kinshasa), the manifesto was the response of ABAKO to the ideas set forth by a young Belgian professor of colonial......
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Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (political party, The Gambia)
...for the National Assembly following in early 1997. Jammeh, now retired from the military, was elected president, and his political party, the Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction, dominated the National Assembly. A new constitution, approved by voters in 1996, came into effect after the legislative elections....
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Alliance for Progress (international economic program)
former international economic development program established by the United States and 22 Latin American countries in the Charter of Punta del Este (Uruguay) in August 1961. Objectives stated in the charter centred on the maintenance of democratic government and the achievement of economic and social development; specific goals included a su...
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Alliance for the Future of Austria (political party, Austria)
...participation of workers in management, and European unity. In 2005 disputes between moderates and hard-liners within the party led some members to leave the FPÖ and form a new party, the Alliance for the Future of Austria (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich; BZÖ), which entered the legislature in 2006....
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Alliance Israélite Universelle (political organization)
Political organization founded in France in 1860 for the purpose of providing assistance to Jews. Its founders were a group of French Jews who had the resources to help those who were poor, offering political support, helping individuals emigrate, and eventually setting up Jewish education programs in eastern Europe, the Middle East...
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Alliance of Free Democrats (Hungarian political organization)
...alienated more-radical members of the MSzP, deepening factional disputes within the party. As a result, the party lost the 1998 election to Fidesz and its allies. In 2002 the MSzP and its ally, the Alliance of Free Democrats, won a narrow majority in the legislature and formed a coalition government; the coalition was reelected in 2006....
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Alliance of the Reformed Churches Throughout the World Holding the Presbyterian Order
...and Reformed churches that was formed in Nairobi, Kenya, in 1970 by the merger of the International Congregational Council with the Alliance of the Reformed Churches Throughout the World Holding the Presbyterian System (also called the World Alliance of Reformed Churches)....
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Alliance Party (political party, Fiji)
From that time until April 1987, Fiji was governed by the Alliance Party, which was pledged to policies of ‘‘multiracialism.’’ Its electoral supremacy was challenged only briefly, in 1977, when Fijian votes were attracted by Fijian nationalist candidates campaigning under a slogan of “Fiji for the Fijians”; only factionalism prevented the formation of an I...
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Alliance Party (political coalition, Malaysia)
...generally is based on ethnicity, although this tendency has diminished somewhat since the mid-20th century. Malaysian political life and government has been dominated since the early 1970s by the National Front (Barisan Nasional), a broad coalition of ethnically oriented parties. Among the oldest and strongest of these parties are the United Malays......
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Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (political party, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)
Northern Ireland’s oldest interdenominational party, a small, moderate party that represents middle-class interests primarily in the eastern areas of the province....
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Alliance Society (Chinese political party)
political party that governed all or part of mainland China from 1928 to 1949 and subsequently ruled Taiwan under Chiang Kai-shek and his successors for most of the time since then....
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alliance theory (anthropology)
While British social anthropologists were focused on the existence of social rules and the ways in which members of different societies acted within a given framework of ideas and categories, French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss had a very different starting point. His work was motivated by the question of how arbitrary social categories (such as those within kinship, race, or......
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Allice shad (fish)
The Allis (or Allice) shad (A. alosa) of Europe is about 75 cm (30 inches) long and 3.6 kg (8 pounds) in weight. The twaite shad (A. finta) is smaller....
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allicin (chemical compound)
...where n = 2–8. None of these compounds occur naturally in garlic; rather, they are formed from the action of water and heat on allicin, a biologically active thiosulfinate, or disulfide S-oxide, CH2=CHCH2S(=O)SCH2CH=CH2, in turn formed......
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Allied Artists Association (British organization)
...English art world of the time. When the critic Frank Rutter joined the group in 1908, he proposed that the group organize itself after the French Salon des Indépendants. They thus formed the Allied Artists Association, completely independent of the established art societies such as the Royal Academy. The association held its exhibits of French and English Post-Impressionism at the......
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Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation (American corporation)
former American corporation that became a leading manufacturer of aerospace systems and components before merging with Honeywell International, Inc., in 1999....
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Allied Chemical Corporation (American corporation)
former American corporation that became a leading manufacturer of aerospace systems and components before merging with Honeywell International, Inc., in 1999....
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Allied Control Council (German history)
...withdrawn again by the German chancellor Adolf Hitler in 1938. After World War II the Allied Control Council in Austria in January 1946 declared that it would support the Austrian government in measures to prevent any return of the Habsburgs, and the law of 1919 was written into the......
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Allied Corporation (American corporation)
former American corporation that became a leading manufacturer of aerospace systems and components before merging with Honeywell International, Inc., in 1999....
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Allied Expeditionary Air Forces (international military organization)
...the head of Fighter Command in November 1942. The following year he was promoted to air chief marshal and then became commander in chief of the Allied Expeditionary Air Forces, which were to be used in the projected Allied invasion of France in the spring of 1944. Leigh-Mallory thus became the commander of some 9,000 U.S. and British......
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Allied Powers (World War I)
...By 1910 most of the major states of Europe belonged to one or the other of these great opposing alliances: the Central Powers, whose principal members were Germany and Austria-Hungary, and the Allies, composed of France, Russia, and Great Britain. This bipolar system had a destabilizing effect, since conflict between any two members of opposing blocs carried the threat of general war.......
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Allied Powers (international alliance)
those nations allied in opposition to the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) in World War I or to the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) in World War II....
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Allied Powers (World War II)
In World War II the chief Allied Powers were Great Britain, France (except during the German occupation, 1940–44), the Soviet Union (after its entry in June 1941), the United States (after its entry on Dec. 8–11, 1941), and China. More generally the Allies included all the wartime members of the United Nations, the signatories......
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Allied Reparations Commission (international relations)
...late 1923 received a boost in 1924 when the Allies agreed to end their occupation of the Ruhr and to grant the German government a more realistic payment schedule on reparations. A committee of the Allied Reparations Commission headed by the American financier and soon-to-be vice president Charles Dawes had recommended these changes and......
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Allied Submarine Detection Investigation Committee (military technology)
...the British Isles, from Canada, and from Iceland, the Atlantic space left open to the U-boats was reduced by May 1941 to a width of only 300 miles. Moreover, British surface vessels had the ASDIC (Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee) device to detect submerged U-boats. By the spring of 1941, under the guidance of Admiral Karl Dönitz, the U-boat commanders were changing their...
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Allied-Signal Inc. (American corporation)
former American corporation that became a leading manufacturer of aerospace systems and components before merging with Honeywell International, Inc., in 1999....
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AlliedSignal (American corporation)
former American corporation that became a leading manufacturer of aerospace systems and components before merging with Honeywell International, Inc., in 1999....
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Allier (department, France)
...and historical region of France encompassing the central départements of Allier, Puy-de-Dôme, Cantal, and Haute-Loire. Auvergne is bounded by the régions of Centre and Burgundy (Bourgogne) to the north, Rhône-Alpes......
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Allier River (river, France)
river, central France, that joins the Loire River 4 miles (6 km) west of Nevers after a course of 255 miles (410 km). Rising in Lozère département, it races through deep gorges along structural lines of weakness between the Margeride and Velay mountains. Traversing the basins of Langeac and Brioude, it r...
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Allies (World War II)
In World War II the chief Allied Powers were Great Britain, France (except during the German occupation, 1940–44), the Soviet Union (after its entry in June 1941), the United States (after its entry on Dec. 8–11, 1941), and China. More generally the Allies included all the wartime members of the United Nations, the signatories......
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Allies (World War I)
...By 1910 most of the major states of Europe belonged to one or the other of these great opposing alliances: the Central Powers, whose principal members were Germany and Austria-Hungary, and the Allies, composed of France, Russia, and Great Britain. This bipolar system had a destabilizing effect, since conflict between any two members of opposing blocs carried the threat of general war.......
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alligator (reptile)
either of two crocodilians related to the tropical American caimans (family Alligatoridae). Alligators, like other crocodilians, are large animals with powerful tails that are used both in defense and in swimming. Their eyes, ears, and nostrils are placed on top of their long head and project slightly above the water when the reptiles float at the surface, as they often do. Alligators can be diffe...
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Alligator (work by Moore)
...the province’s dynamic first premier. In River Thieves (2001), Michael Crummey describes the extinction of the Beothuk, an indigenous people of Newfoundland, and Lisa Moore’s Alligator (2005) dissects lives in contemporary St. John’s, the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador province....
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alligator apple (plant)
fruit tree of tropical America valued for its roots. See custard apple....
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alligator fish (fish)
any of the marine fish of the family Agonidae (order Scorpaeniformes). Poachers live in cold water, on the bottom, and are found mainly in the northern Pacific. They are small fish, measuring about 30 cm (12 inches) or less in length, and are distinguished by the bony, often saw-edged armour plates covering their bodies....
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alligator gar (fish)
...prey. The beak is very long and forcepslike in the longnose gar, or billfish (Lepisosteus osseus), but broad and relatively short in the alligator gar (L. spatula) of the southern United States. The alligator gar, reaching a length of about 3 m (10 feet), is one of the......
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alligator lizard (reptile)
any of 42 lizard species in the subfamily Gerrhonotinae of the family Anguidae in any of the following genera: Abronia, Barisia, Elgaria, Gerrhonotus, and Mesaspis. Alligator lizards are found from southern ...
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Alligator mississippiensis (reptile)
The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), the larger of the two species, is found in the southeastern United States. It is black with yellow banding when young and is generally brownish when adult. The maximum length is about 5.8 metres (19 feet), but it more......
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