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Gould, Glenn Herbert (Canadian pianist)
Canadian pianist known for his contrapuntal clarity and brilliant, if often unorthodox, performances....
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Gould, Gordon (American physicist)
American physicist (b. July 17, 1920, New York, N.Y.—d. Sept. 16, 2005, New York City), played an important role in early laser research and coined the word laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). He came up with the idea of the laser and its name in 1957 while he was a physics graduate student at Columbia University, New York City. Believing that he first ne...
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Gould, Jason (American financier)
American railroad executive, financier, and speculator, an important railroad developer who was one of the most unscrupulous “robber barons” of 19th-century American capitalism....
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Gould, Jay (American financier)
American railroad executive, financier, and speculator, an important railroad developer who was one of the most unscrupulous “robber barons” of 19th-century American capitalism....
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Gould, John (British ornithologist)
English ornithologist whose large, lavishly illustrated volumes on birds commanded ever-mounting prices among bibliophiles....
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Gould, Laurence McKinley (American explorer)
U.S. polar explorer who participated in a landmark expedition to Antarctica and served (1945-62) as president of Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. (b. Aug. 22, 1896--d. June 20, 1995)....
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Gould, Morton (American musician and composer)
American composer, conductor, and pianist noted for his synthesis of popular idioms with traditional forms of composition and orchestration....
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Gould, Richard A. (American archaeologist)
Outside the arena of religion, material objects were minimal. A useful threefold classification for Aboriginal tools has been proposed by the archaeologist Richard A. Gould. Multipurpose tools, such as the digging stick or spear, were lightweight and portable. Appliances, such as large base stones on which food or ochre was ground, were......
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Gould, Richard Gordon (American physicist)
American physicist (b. July 17, 1920, New York, N.Y.—d. Sept. 16, 2005, New York City), played an important role in early laser research and coined the word laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). He came up with the idea of the laser and its name in 1957 while he was a physics graduate student at Columbia University, New York City. Believing that he first ne...
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Gould, Shane (Australian athlete)
Australian swimmer who won five Olympic medals and set world records in all five freestyle distances (100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,500 metres)....
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Gould, Stephen Jay (American paleontologist)
American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and science writer....
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Goulden, Emmeline (British suffragist)
militant champion of woman suffrage whose 40-year campaign achieved complete success in the year of her death, when British women obtained full equality in the voting franchise. Her daughter Christabel Harriette (afterward Dame Christabel) Pankhurst (1880–1958) also was prominent in the woman suffrage movement....
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Gouldian finch (bird)
...Grass finches live chiefly in hot open country near rivers. Several grass finches are well-known cage birds. One of the most colourful is the Gouldian finch (Chloebia, formerly Poephila, gouldiae) whose plumage is purple, gold, green, blue, and black; its face may be red, orange, or black. The star finch (......
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Goulding, Cathal (Irish political activist)
Irish political activist who became chief of staff of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in 1962 and whose relatively moderate stance helped trigger the 1969 split between his Official IRA, which called a cease-fire in 1972, and the more militant Provisional IRA (b. Dec. 30, 1922, Dublin, Ire.--d. Dec. 26, 1998, Dublin)....
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Goulding, Raymond Walter (American comedian)
Both Elliott and Goulding served in the U.S. Army during World War II. They met while working for radio station WHDH in Boston, Elliott as a disk jockey and Goulding as a news broadcaster on Elliott’s program. The on-air banter....
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Gould’s Belt (astronomy)
...solar neighbourhood. The early type stars within 2,000 light-years are significantly concentrated at negative galactic latitudes. This is a manifestation of a phenomenon referred to as “the Gould Belt,” a tilt of the nearby bright stars in this direction with respect to the galactic plane, which was first noted by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1847. Such anomalous......
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Goulet, Robert (American singer and actor)
Nov. 26, 1933Lawrence, Mass.Oct. 30, 2007Los Angeles, Calif.American singer and actor who possessed a rich baritone voice and matinee-idol good looks, attributes that fueled his rise to stardom as an award-winning recording artist and actor in musicals. Already a well-known television perso...
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Goulette, La (Tunisia)
town located in northern Tunisia and an outport for Tunis. Situated on a sandbar between Lake Tūnis and the Gulf of Tunis, La Goulette (its Arabic name, Ḥalq al-Wādī, means “river’s throat”) is linked to the capital by a canal 7 miles (11 km) long. The main commercial port in Tunisia, it handles a large portion ...
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Goulimine (Morocco)
town, southwestern Morocco. Situated in the southern Anti-Atlas mountains near the northwestern edge of the Sahara, Guelmim is a walled town with houses built out of sun-dried red clay and is encircled by date palm...
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Goun (people)
...especially in Cotonou. The Yoruba, who are related to the Nigerian Yoruba, live mainly in southeastern Benin and constitute about one-eighth of Benin’s population. In the vicinity of Porto-Novo, the Goun (Gun) and the Yoruba (known in Pobé and Kétou as Nago, or Nagot) are so intermixed as to be hardly distinguishable. Among other southern groups are various Adja peoples, in...
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Gounod, Charles (French composer)
French composer noted particularly for his operas, of which the most famous is Faust....
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Gounod, Charles-François (French composer)
French composer noted particularly for his operas, of which the most famous is Faust....
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Goupiaceae (plant family)
Goupiaceae is a small family of evergreen trees with two species growing in northeastern South America. The leaves have parallel cross veins, and the inflorescences are umbellate. The petals are long, the apical part being inflexed. The fruit is a drupe....
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gourami (fish)
any of several of the freshwater, tropical labyrinth fishes (order Perciformes), especially Osphronemus goramy, an East Indian fish that is caught or raised for food; it has been introduced elsewhere. This species is a compact, oval fish with a long, filamentous ray extending from each ...
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Gouraud, Henri (French general)
...among themselves the provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Syria was forcibly placed under French mandate, and Damascus fell to the army of Gen. Henri Gouraud on July 25, 1920, following the battle of Maysalūn. Damascus resisted the French takeover, and despite the French bombardment of the city in 1925, the resistance continued until......
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Gouraud shading (art)
...one colour tone is used for the entire object, with different amounts of white or black added to each face of the object to simulate shading. The resulting model appears flat and unrealistic. In Gouraud shading, textures may be used (such as wood, stone, stucco, and so forth); each edge of the object is given a colour that factors in lighting, and the computer interpolates (calculates......
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Gouraya, Mount (mountain, Algeria)
town, Mediterranean port, northeastern Algeria. The town lies at the mouth of the Wadi Soummam. Sheltered by Mount Gouraya (2,165 feet [660 m]) and Cape Carbon, it receives an annual average rainfall of 40 inches (1,000 mm) and is surrounded by a fertile plain. The older town, built on the mountain slope, descends to the French-built sector spread along the road to Algiers and containing the......
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gourd (botany)
any of the hard-shelled ornamental fruits of certain members of the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae....
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gourd bow (musical instrument)
...and delicately balanced. Zulu solo songs, in earlier times, were often self-accompanied on the ugubhu gourd bow. In such bow songs, while the instrumental melody was influenced by the tone requirements of the song’s lyrics, the tuning of the bow determined the vocal scale to which the singer......
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gourd family (plant family)
the gourd family of flowering plants, belonging to the order Cucurbitales and containing 118 genera and 845 species of food and ornamental plants. It includes the gourds, melons, squashes, and pumpkins....
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Gourdon (France)
...in Alpes-Maritimes département and extending into southern Var département. The population is predominantly urban. Traditional inland towns in Alpes-Maritimes include Gourdon, Èze, Utelle, and Peille; many such towns are perched on cliffs. Their streets are narrow and paved with flagstones or cobbles; houses are built of stone and roofed with rounded tiles.......
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Gourgaud, Gaspard (French historian)
French soldier and historian who accompanied Napoleon Bonaparte into exile at St. Helena and wrote important historical and biographical works about Napoleon....
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Gouri, Haim (Israeli author)
...anxieties of the individual. The dominant themes of writers who had no access to collective ideals were personal ones—frustration, confusion, and alienation. The works of Yehuda Amichai and Haim Gouri are representative of the poetry of this period and of the following decades; their poems emphasize the dissolution of social coherence and express the individual devoid of a sense of......
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Gourinae (bird)
The Gourinae, or crowned pigeons, consists solely of three species (genus Goura), found in New Guinea. Blue-gray birds with fanlike head crests, they are the largest of all pigeons—nearly the size of a turkey....
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Gourma (people)
a Voltaic ethnic group that is chiefly centred on the town of Fada Ngourma in eastern Burkina Faso, although some inhabit northern Togo. Like the closely related Mossi, Konkomba, Tallensi, and LoDagaa, the Gurma are...
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Gourmantche (people)
a Voltaic ethnic group that is chiefly centred on the town of Fada Ngourma in eastern Burkina Faso, although some inhabit northern Togo. Like the closely related Mossi, Konkomba, Tallensi, and LoDagaa, the Gurma are...
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Gourmont, Remy de (French author)
novelist, poet, playwright, and philosopher who was one of the most intelligent contemporary critics of the French Symbolist movement. His prolific writings, many of which were translated into English, disseminated the Symbolist aesthetic doctrines....
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Gournay, J.-C.-M. Vincent de (French economist)
...of Foreign Protestants (1752) and the following year published Lettres sur la tolérance (Letters on Tolerance). Between 1753 and 1756 Turgot accompanied J.-C.-M. Vincent de Gournay, the mentor of the physiocratic school and an intendant of commerce, on his tours of inspection to various French provinces....
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Gournay, Marie de (French writer)
...the publication of the fifth edition of the Essays, the first to contain the 13 chapters of Book III, as well as Books I and II, enriched with many additions. He also met Marie de Gournay, an ardent and devoted young admirer of his writings. De Gournay, a writer herself, is mentioned in the Essays as Montaigne’s “covenant daughter...
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Gournay-sur-Aronde (France)
...during the Iron Age is France. There are not many of these ritual places, but those that existed were large complex sanctuaries with continuous use over several centuries. One of these sites is Gournay-sur-Aronde, in northern France, a sanctuary used from 300 to 50 bce. The site consisted of a square enclosed by a ditch and palisade with a number of large pits for exposing and dis...
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Gourniá (ancient site, Greece)
The only settlement of this period that has been entirely excavated is a small town at Gourniá in eastern Crete. This was built on the slopes of a ridge overlooking the sea, on top of which stood a little “palace” with a small open court in the centre and a public square beside it on the sheltered landward side. Down the ridge from the palace toward the sea was a small shrine....
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Gouro (people)
people of the Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast), in the valley regions of the Bandama River; they speak a language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family of African languages. The Guro came originally from the north and northwest, driven by Mande invasions i...
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Goursat, Édouard-Jean-Baptiste (French mathematician)
French mathematician and theorist whose contribution to the theory of functions, pseudo- and hyperelliptic integrals, and differential equations influenced the French school of mathematics....
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Goursat’s theorem (mathematics)
Goursat was one of the leading analysts of his time, and his detailed analysis of Augustin Cauchy’s work led to the Cauchy-Goursat theorem, which eliminated the redundant requirement of the derivative’s continuity in Cauchy’s integral theorem. Goursat became a member of the French Academy of Science in 1919 and was the aut...
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gout (disease)
metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute attacks of severe inflammation in one or more of the joints of the extremities. Gout results from the deposition, in and around the joints, of uric acid salts, which are excessive throughout the body in persons with the disorder. Uric acid is a product of the breakdown of...
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Gouthière, Pierre (French metalworker)
metalworker who was among the most influential French craftsmen in the 18th century....
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gouty jatropha (plant)
A garden curiosity is tartogo, or gouty jatropha (J. podagrica), from Guatemala and Honduras; it has a short trunk that is swollen at the base, erect red clusters of small flowers borne most of the year, and three- to five-lobed palmate (fanlike) leaves. The coral plant (J. multifida) from ......
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Gouvion-Saint-Cyr, Laurent, marquis de (French soldier and statesman)
French soldier and statesman who distinguished himself in the Napoleonic Wars (1800–15). As minister of war in 1817–19 he was responsible for reorganizing recruitment procedures in the French army....
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Gouyn, Charles (English potter)
soft-paste porcelain made at a factory in Chelsea, London, established in 1743 by Charles Gouyn and Nicolas Sprimont, the latter a silversmith. By the 1750s the sole manager was Sprimont, from whose genius stemmed Chelsea’s greatest achievements. In 1769 the factory was sold to James Cox; and he sold it a year later to William Duesbury of Derby, Derbyshire, who maintained it until 1784,......
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Gouze, Marie (French writer)
French social reformer and writer who challenged conventional views on a number of matters, including the role of women....
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Gouzenko, Igor (Soviet spy)
Although the Cold War was born in Europe, Canada was involved from the start. In September 1945 Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet cipher clerk who defected to Canada, revealed extensive Soviet spying operations in Canada and the United States. These revelations, combined with Soviet intransigence at the UN and Soviet aggressiveness in central and eastern Europe—particularly the communist coup in......
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Govapuri (state, India)
State (pop., 2008 est.: 1,628,000), southwestern India....
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Govardhan (Indian painter)
a noted Mughal painter born into imperial service. He was the son of a Hindu painter, Bhavani Das. His work spanned the reigns of the emperors Akbar, Jahāngīr, and Shah Jahān. Several examples of his work have survived, and they are sufficient to establish him as a painter of great ability, fond of ric...
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Govardhanram (Indian novelist)
Among novelists, Govardhanram stands out; his Sarasvatīchandra is a classic, the first social novel. In the novel form, too, the influence of Gandhiism is clearly felt, though not in the person of Kanaiyalal Munshi, who was critical of Gandhian ideology but still, in several Purāṇa-inspired works,......
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Gove (state, India)
State (pop., 2008 est.: 1,628,000), southwestern India....
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Gove Peninsula (peninsula, Northern Territory, Australia)
peninsula extending from the northeastern corner of Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, into the Arafura Sea. An estimated 200 million tons of bauxite w...
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Gover, Alfred Richard (British cricketer)
British cricketer and coach (b. Feb. 29, 1908, Woodcote, Epsom, Surrey, Eng.—d. Oct. 7, 2001, London, Eng.), was a reliable fast bowler for Surrey from 1928 until he retired in 1948. During his career, which was interrupted by World War II, Gover took 1,555 first-class wickets (average 23.63). Eight times he took more...
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Goverla, Mount (mountain, Ukraine)
...the Outer Eastern Carpathians, which are their continuation, are higher and show a more compact banded structure. The highest mountain group is the Chernogora on the Ukrainian side, with Goverla (Hoverla; 6,762 feet) as the highest peak. The Inner Eastern Carpathians attain their highest altitude in the Rodna (Rodnei) Massif in Romania; they are built of ......
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Governador Island (island, Brazil)
island, the largest island (12 square miles [31 square km]) in Guanabara Bay, southeastern Brazil. Linked to the mainland and Rio de Janeiro by bridge, it is the site of a naval air station and shipyards. The main campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro is located on a smaller island between Governador Island and ...
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Governador Valadares (Brazil)
city, eastern Minas Gerais estado (state), Brazil. It lies on the left bank of the Doce River. The city was made the seat of a municipality in 1937. It is an agricultural trade centre dealing in beans, rice, sugarcane, coffee, and livestock. Sawmills and food-proc...
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governance (politics and power)
Kings ruled through their courts, which were gradually transformed from private households into elaborate bureaucracies. Royal religious needs were served by royal chapels—whose personnel often became bishops in the kingdom—and by clerical chancellors, who were responsible for issuing and sealing royal documents. Royal chanceries, financial offices, and law courts became specialized....
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government
Political system by which a body of people is administered and regulated....
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government (work by Mill)
...for the six-volume Supplement to the 4th, 5th, and 6th editions of the Encyclopædia Britannica. As reprints they enjoyed a wide circulation in his time. One of the articles, “government,” had considerable influence on public opinion in the 1820s. (See the Britannica Classic: government.) In it, Mill conclu...
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government administration
the implementation of government policies. Today public administration is often regarded as including also some responsibility for determining the policies and programs of governments. Specifically, it is the planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling of government operations....
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Government Advances to Settlers Act (New Zealand [1894])
...crown land for leasing and, when amended in 1894, compelled owners of large estates to sell portions of their holdings. Also in 1894 he introduced the Government Advances to Settlers Act, which greatly expanded the supply of credit available to farmers, and he sponsored a plan for unemployed workers to clear and then lease landholdings. He promoted......
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government bond (finance)
...a bold step in 2007 to tackle the unsustainable debt burden that had shackled Belmopan to its creditors during the previous few years. Most of the creditors agreed to exchange their claims for new bonds that would mature in 2029. The bonds, with a face value of $546.8 million, would amortize starting in 2019. This relief in fiscal restructuring received an additional boost when the newly......
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government borrowing (economics)
practice in which a government spends more money than it receives as revenue, the difference being made up by borrowing or minting new funds. Although budget deficits may occur for numerous reasons, the term usually refers to a conscious attempt to stimulate the economy by lowering tax rates or increasing government expenditures. The influence of government deficits upon a ...
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government budget
Forecast of governmental expenditures and revenues for the ensuing fiscal year....
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government by consent (government)
Locke thus stated one of the fundamental principles of political liberalism: that there can be no subjection to power without consent—though once political society has been founded, citizens are obligated to accept the decisions of a majority of their number. Such decisions are made on behalf of the majority by the legislature, though the ultimate power of choosing the legislature rests......
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government debt
obligations of governments, particularly those evidenced by securities, to pay certain sums to the holders at some future time. Public debt is distinguished from private debt, which consists of the obligations of individuals, business firms, and nongovernmental organizations....
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government economic policy (finance)
measures by which a government attempts to influence the economy. The national budget generally reflects the economic policy of a government, and it is partly through the budget that the government exercises its three principal methods of establishing control: the allocative function, the stabilization function, and the dist...
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government expenditure (finance)
The fiscal impact of immigration in the U.S. varies by the level of the government and the skill or earnings status of immigrants. Most immigrants pay taxes and use public services, but if the taxes they pay exceed the value of the public services they use, immigration reduces fiscal deficits. Conversely, when immigrants pay little in taxes but consume many public resources—such as health.....
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government finance
...Nonetheless, the new government consisted of all the same parties and most of the same ministers as the previous cabinet. Moreover, it faced all of the same problems, particularly those relating to public finance reform. The political situation was complicated further by the ruling coalition’s razor-thin majority of just 101 seats in the 200-member lower house of the parliament....
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government grant (law)
The types of intangible rights granted by governments expanded greatly in the 19th and 20th centuries. The oldest of these are the exclusive rights given by states and international bodies to encourage and protect authors, inventors, manufacturers, and tradesmen. Copyright, the exclusive right to prohibit the copying of a piece of writing or a work of art or music, is almost universally......
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Government House (mansion, Nassau, The Bahamas)
...name of King William III of England, but it was not laid out until 1729. Notable buildings include three old forts; Government House (1803–06), a pink-and-white mansion overlooking the city; the Anglican Christ Church Cathedral (1837); the octagonal Nassau Public Library (1797); and the government buildings......
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Government Inspector, The (play by Gogol)
...with Pushkin was of great value because he always trusted his friend’s taste and criticism; moreover, he received from Pushkin the themes for his two principal works, the play Revizor (The Government Inspector, sometimes titled The Inspector General), and Dead Souls, which were important not only to Russian literature but also to Gogol’s further destiny...
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Government, Instrument of (Sweden [1975])
...Government) was appointed. On its recommendations, the old two-chamber Riksdag was replaced in 1971 by a one-chamber Riksdag composed of 350 members elected by proportional representation. The new Instrument of Government, which entered into force on Jan. 1, 1975, reduced the membership of the Riksdag to 349 (to minimize the risk of evenly divided votes) and the voting age to 18. It also......
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Government, Instrument of (England [1653])
the document that established the English Protectorate and under which Great Britain was governed from December 1653 to May 1657. The first detailed written constitution adopted by a modern state, the Instrument attempted to provide a legal basis for government after the parliamentary failures in the wake of the English Civil ...
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government laboratory
The pattern followed by different countries varies widely. The general policy of the U.S. government has been not to set up laboratories of its own, even for military work, but to offer research and development contracts, usually on the basis of competitive bidding, to private......
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Government National Mortgage Association (American corporation)
...Mac were authorized to buy and sell conventional mortgages as well as those insured by the FHA or VA, which were now guaranteed by a new Government National Mortgage Association, better known as Ginnie Mae. To attract new investors to the secondary mortgage market, in 1981 Fannie Mae began selling mortgage-backed securities (securities collateralized by ......
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Government of India Act (1935)
British statesman who was a chief architect of the Government of India Act of 1935 and, as foreign secretary (1935), was criticized for his proposed settlement of Italian claims in Ethiopia (the Hoare–Laval Plan)....
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Government of India Acts (United Kingdom)
succession of measures passed by the British Parliament between 1773 and 1935 to regulate the government of India. The first several acts—passed in 1773, 1780, 1784, 1786, 1793, and 1830—were generally known as East India Company Acts. Subsequent measures—chiefly in 1833, 1853, 1858, 1919, and 1935—were entitled Government of India Acts....
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Government of Ireland Act (United Kingdom [1920])
...Kingdom, its head of government is the British prime minister, and its head of state is the reigning monarch. Although the 1920 Government of Ireland Act envisaged separate parliaments exercising jurisdiction over southern and northern Ireland, the architects of the partition anticipated that the new constitutional enti...
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government policy (government)
The importance of the social and legal issues addressed in bioethics is reflected in the large number of national and international bodies established to advise governments on appropriate public policy. At the national level, several countries have set up bioethics councils or commissions, including the President’s Council on Bioethics in the United States, the Det Etiske Råd (Danish...
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Government Printing Office (United States publishing agency)
...has come to issue a wide range of excellent books and pamphlets in connection with museums, galleries, and the advisory function of ministries, besides official papers. In the United States, the Government Printing Office in Washington, D.C., was established by Congress in 1860 for similar purposes; it too has steadily widened its field of operations. China has developed a similar......
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Government Reef Series (geology)
...each of which is further divided into series. Three series are recognized in the lower division: the lowermost Hospital Hill Series, the Government Reef Series, and the Jeppestown Series, respectively. The upper division is divided into the lower Main-Bird Series, followed by the......
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government revenue (finance)
Governments acquire the resources to finance their expenditures through a number of different methods. In many cases, the most important of these by far is taxation. Governments, however, also have recourse to raising funds through the sale of their goods and services, and, because government budgets seldom balance, through borrowing. The......
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Government Rubber-Isobutylene (chemical compound)
a synthetic rubber produced by copolymerizing isobutylene with small amounts of isoprene. Valued for its chemical inertness, impermeability to gases, and weatherability, butyl rubber is employed in the inner linings of automobile tires and in other specialty applications....
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Government Rubber-Nitrile (synthetic rubber)
an oil-resistant synthetic rubber produced from a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene. Its main applications are in fuel hoses, gaskets, rollers, and other products in which oil resistance is required....
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Government Rubber-Styrene (chemical compound)
a general-purpose synthetic rubber, produced from a copolymer of styrene and butadiene. Exceeding all other synthetic rubbers in consumption, SBR is used in great quantities in automobile and truck tires, generally as an abrasion-resistant replacement for natural rubber (produced from ...
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government security (finance)
...of regulating the money supply and credit conditions on a continuous basis. Open-market operations can also be used to stabilize the prices of government securities, an aim that conflicts at times with the credit policies of the central bank. When the central bank purchases securities.....
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government spending (finance)
The fiscal impact of immigration in the U.S. varies by the level of the government and the skill or earnings status of immigrants. Most immigrants pay taxes and use public services, but if the taxes they pay exceed the value of the public services they use, immigration reduces fiscal deficits. Conversely, when immigrants pay little in taxes but consume many public resources—such as health.....
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government support
...and gardens. The multistory apartment house continued to grow in importance as crowding and rising land values in cities made one-family homes less and less practicable in parts of many cities. Much government-subsidized, or public, housing has taken the form of apartment buildings, particularly for the urban elderly and working classes or....
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governmental architecture
The basic functions of government, to an even greater extent than those of religion, are similar in all societies: administration, legislation, and the dispensing of justice. But the architectural needs differ according to the nature of the relationship between the governing and the governed. Where governmental functions are centralized in the hands of a single individual, they are simple and......
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governor (machine component)
in technology, device that automatically maintains the rotary speed of an engine or other prime mover within reasonably close limits regardless of the load. A typical governor regulates an engine’s speed by varying the rate at which fuel is furnished to it....
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governor (government official)
...government structure of the states, defined by the constitution, closely resembles that of the union. The executive branch is composed of a governor—like the president, a mostly nominal and ceremonial post—and a council of ministers, led by the chief minister....
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Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies (English trading company)
English company formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India, incorporated by royal charter on Dec. 31, 1600. Starting as a monopolistic trading body, the company became involved in politics and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India from the early 18th century to the mid-19th centur...
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Governor Edmund G. Brown California Aqueduct (water works, California, United States)
principal water-conveyance structure of the California State Water Project, U.S. From the Sacramento River delta east of San Francisco, it runs south through the San Joaquin Valley and over the summit of the Tehachapi Mountains, a distance of 273 miles (440 km). At this point it divides into east and west branches, the for...
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Governor General’s Literary Awards (Canadian awards)
...the new work L’Homme qui voulait boire la mer and was also recognized for the evocative Anna pourquoi (2003), which won the 2005 Prix Littéraire des Collégiens. The Governor General’s Literary Awards for French-language writers went to Aki Shimazaki, who won the fiction prize for Hotaru (2004), and Jean-Marc Desgent, who captured the poetry prize...
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Governor Thomas E. Dewey Thruway (highway, New York, United States)
Central to the highway system are the limited-access highways. The Thruway connects at Albany to the Adirondack Northway, which extends northward to Canada. In central New York a major highway runs from the Pennsylvania state line to Canada, passing through Binghamton, Syracuse, and Watertown. At Syracuse this route intersects with the Thruway, maintaining the city as a transportation hub and......
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