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coronal telescope (telescope)
telescope that blocks the light of a star inside the instrument so that objects close to the star can be observed. It was invented in 1930 by the French astronomer Bernard Lyot and was used to observe the Sun’s corona and prominences....
coronary angioplasty (medicine)
When coronary arteriography reveals relatively isolated, incompletely obstructive lesions, there are two alternative treatments—medication or coronary angioplasty (balloon dilation of the localized obstruction by a special catheter). When coronary arteriography reveals a severe blockage of the left main coronary artery or proximally in one or more of the major arteries, coronary artery......
coronary arterial disease (pathology)
When coronary arteriography reveals relatively isolated, incompletely obstructive lesions, there are two alternative treatments—medication or coronary angioplasty (balloon dilation of the localized obstruction by a special catheter). When coronary arteriography reveals a severe blockage of the left main coronary artery or proximally in one or more of the major arteries, coronary artery........
coronary arterial system (anatomy)
one of two blood vessels that branch from the aorta close to its point of departure from the heart and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. Both arteries supply blood to the walls of both lower chambers (ventricles) and to the partition between the chambers. The r...
coronary arterial venous fistula (pathology)
...may arise abnormally from a pulmonary artery rather than from the aorta, with the result that deoxygenated blood instead of oxygenated blood flows through the heart muscle. Abnormal openings, called coronary arterial venous fistulas, may be present between the coronary arteries and the chambers of the heart. One or more of the three main coronary arteries may be absent. While these abnormalitie...
coronary arteriography (medicine)
Coronary arteriography assesses the extent of coronary artery occlusion (blockage), which may vary from a small increase in coronary artery muscle tone at a partly blocked site in a branch of one of the three main coronary arteries to a 90 percent or greater blockage of the left main coronary artery with involvement of other major coronary arteries. But the extent of coronary artery disease......
coronary artery (anatomy)
one of two blood vessels that branch from the aorta close to its point of departure from the heart and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. Both arteries supply blood to the walls of both lower chambers (ventricles) and to the partition between the chambers. The r...
coronary artery bypass (surgery)
surgical treatment for coronary artery disease, usually caused by atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, fatty plaques build up on the walls of the coronary arteries, gradually diminishing the flow of blood through them. Insufficient ...
coronary artery disease (pathology)
disease characterized by an inadequate supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle (myocardium) because of narrowing or blocking of a coronary artery by fatty plaques (see atherosclerosis). If the oxygen depletion is extreme, the effect may be a myoc...
coronary bypass (surgery)
surgical treatment for coronary artery disease, usually caused by atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, fatty plaques build up on the walls of the coronary arteries, gradually diminishing the flow of blood through them. Insufficient ...
coronary circulation (physiology)
part of the systemic circulatory system that supplies blood to and provides drainage from the tissues of the heart. In the human heart, two coronary arteries arise from the aorta just beyond the semilunar valves; during diastole, the increased aortic ...
coronary heart disease (pathology)
disease characterized by an inadequate supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle (myocardium) because of narrowing or blocking of a coronary artery by fatty plaques (see atherosclerosis). If the oxygen depletion is extreme, the effect may be a myoc...
coronary occlusion (pathology)
Many other kinds of blood examination yield useful results. Enzymes normally present in the muscle of the heart may be released into the blood when the heart is damaged by a coronary occlusion (obstruction of the coronary artery) with consequent tissue death. Measurement of these enzymes in the serum is regularly performed to assist in diagnosis of this type of heart disease. Damage to the......
coronary sinus (anatomy)
...from all tissues except the lungs. Three veins empty into the right atrium, the superior and inferior venae cavae, bringing blood from the upper and lower portions of the body, respectively, and the coronary sinus, draining blood from the heart itself. Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle. The right ventricle, the right inferior portion of the heart, is the chamber from whic...
coronary thrombosis (pathology)
Herrick also published definitive accounts of several clinical conditions involving the coronary vessels; he was the first observer to identify and describe the clinical features of coronary thrombosis (obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot). He participated in numerous medical associations and, among other honours, was awarded the American Medical Association’s Distinguished Ser...
coronary vein (anatomy)
...blood from the heart. In reptiles coronary arteries branch from the systemic arch, but their position of origin varies. In some species they arise close to the heart, as in birds and mammals. Coronary veins generally run beside corresponding arteries but diverge from them to enter the main venous supply to the right atrium, or to the sinus venosus in fishes....
coronary venous sinus (anatomy)
...carried through veins, which usually accompany the distribution of the distal arteries. These cardiac veins, however, proceed into the atrioventricular grooves anteriorly and posteriorly to form the coronary venous sinus, which opens into the right ventricle immediately below the tricuspid valve....
Coronatae (invertebrate order)
The order Coronatae includes about 30 species of mostly deep-sea jellyfish, often maroon in colour. A deep circular groove delimits the central part of the bell-shaped body from the periphery, which is divided into broad flaps, or lappets. The marginal tentacles are large and solid. Some species are known to have a scyphistoma stage, but the life cycle of most of the forms has yet to be......
Coronation (painting by David)
...to move from the Jacobin left to the Bonapartist right, and he had evidently always been a worshiper of historical heroes. His most important Napoleonic work is the huge Coronation of Napoleon in Notre-Dame (1805–07), sometimes called Napoleon Crowning the Empress Josephine; in it Neoclassicism gives way to a style that......
Coronation (novel by Donoso)
...collection Veraneo y otros cuentos (“Summer Vacation and Other Stories”) appeared in 1955. He established his reputation with the debut novel Coronación (1957; Coronation), which won him the William Faulkner Foundation Prize in 1962. It presents the moral collapse of an aristocratic family and suggests that an insidious loss of values affects all......
coronation (ceremony)
ceremony whereby a sovereign is inaugurated into office by receiving upon his or her head the crown, which is the chief symbol of regal authority. From earliest historical times a king, queen, or chieftain was inaugurated by some public ceremony; the sovereign might be raised upon a shield, presented with a spear, or invested with a distinctive robe or headdress. When Europe bec...
Coronation Carpet
17th-century Persian court-loomed floor covering, 12 feet 2 inches × 17 feet 1 inch (371 × 521 cm). It is made of silk pile with parts of the field covered in gilded silver strips wound around a silk core, leaving a gold ground and an overall pattern of flowers, cloud...
Coronation Cup (polo)
...contested nine additional times (the last in 1939), with the Americans winning each time except in 1914. The next international meeting was in 1971, when the United States defeated England for the Coronation Cup, a single-game rather than a three-game match, thereafter held annually....
Coronation Island (island, Atlantic Ocean)
island group lying between the Scotia Sea to the north and the Weddell Sea to the south in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is composed of two large islands (Coronation and Laurie) and a number of smaller islands and rocky islets and forms part of the British Antarctic Territory. The islands (total area about 240 square miles [620 square km]) are barren and uninhabited, but Signy Island is used as......
“Coronation Mass” (composition by Mozart)
...Mozart’s early masses tend to be brief (because of the taste and dictates of his archbishop patron), yet the fugal choruses sometimes dispel this impression by their very excellence, as in the Mass in C Major, K. 317 (1779; Coronation Mass). The unfinished Mass in C Minor, K. 427, abounds in magnificent choral music....
Coronation of Napoleon in Notre-Dame, The (painting by David)
...artistic expression from an era in which they were the result of organic aesthetic development and of adopting them for objects that reflect only a gesture of romantic admiration is evident in the painting by Jacques-Louis David (Louvre, Paris) immortalizing Napoleon’s coronation ceremony in 1804. The painting provides documentation on the precious ornaments worn by the ladies who were.....
Coronation of Poppea, The (opera by Monteverdi)
...than four new operas were composed within about three years. Only two of them have survived in score—The Return of Ulysses to His Country and The Coronation of Poppea—and both are masterpieces. Although they still retain some elements of the Renaissance intermezzo and pastoral, they can be fairly described as the first modern...
Coronation of the Virgin (painting by Paolo Veneziano)
...style in 14th-century Venice. Paolo and his son Giovanni signed a “Coronation of the Virgin” (Frick Collection, New York City) in 1358 that is the last known work by him. A second “Coronation of the Virgin” (National Gallery, Washington, D.C.), which is dated 1324, is also attributed to Paolo. Other known works of Paolo’s are dated 1333, 1347, and 1353....
Coronation of the Virgin, The (religious motif)
A famous altarpiece of the same time, Lippi’s well-known Coronation of the Virgin, is a complex work crowded with figures. The celebrated altarpiece is exquisitely sumptuous in appearance and marks a historic point in Florentine painting in its success in uniting as one scene the various panels of a polyptych....
Coronaviridae (virus group)
any virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. Coronaviruses have enveloped virions (virus particles) that measure approximately 120 nm (1 nm = 10−9 metre) in diameter. Club-shaped glycoprotein spikes in the envelope give the viruses a crownlike, or coronal, appearance. The nucleocapsid, made up of a protein shell known a...
Coronavirus (virus genus)
Coronaviridae is generally considered to contain two genera, Coronavirus and Torovirus, which differ in nucleocapsid morphology, the former being helical and the latter being tubular. Coronaviruses are important agents of gastrointestinal disease in humans, poultry, and bovines. In humans, a species known as SARS coronavirus (or Severe......
coronavirus (virus group)
any virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. Coronaviruses have enveloped virions (virus particles) that measure approximately 120 nm (1 nm = 10−9 metre) in diameter. Club-shaped glycoprotein spikes in the envelope give the viruses a crownlike, or coronal, appearance. The nucleocapsid, made up of a protein shell known a...
Coronea, Battle of (Greek history)
...closely involved with senior Spartans, notably (after 396) King Agesilaus II. When a Greek coalition, including Athens, rebelled against Spartan hegemony in mainland Greece, Xenophon fought (at Coronea in 394) for Sparta....
Coronel (Chile)
city, south-central Chile. It lies along the Gulf of Arauco of the Pacific Ocean, just south of Concepción. Founded in 1851, it received city status in 1875 and developed with the coal mines in the vicinity, becoming a primary coal-bunkering port and functioning as a shipping as well as commercial c...
Coronel, Battle of (European history)
...a devious course in the Pacific from the Caroline Islands toward the Chilean coast and had been joined by two more cruisers, the Leipzig and the Dresden. On November 1, in the Battle of Coronel, it inflicted a sensational defeat on a British force, under Sir Christopher Cradock, which had sailed from the Atlantic to hunt it down: without losing a single ship, it sank......
Coronel, Jorge Icaza (Ecuadorian writer)
Ecuadorean novelist and playwright whose brutally realistic portrayals of the exploitation of his country’s Indians brought him international recognition as a spokesman for the oppressed....
Coronel, María Fernández (Spanish mystic)
abbess and mystic. In 1620 she took her vows as a Franciscan nun and in 1627 became abbess of a Franciscan monastery in Agreda, retaining this office, except for a brief period, until her death....
“coronel no tiene quien le escriba, El” (work by García Márquez)
...and La mala hora (1962; In Evil Hour); a novella, El coronel no tiene quien le escriba (1961; No One Writes to the Colonel); and a few short stories. Then came One Hundred Years of Solitude, in which García Márquez tells the story of Macondo, an......
Coronel Oviedo (Paraguay)
town, east-central Paraguay. Founded in 1758, the town is situated in the westward extension of the Brazilian Highlands. Its economic base is varied. Oranges, tobacco, sugarcane, and timber are grown in the surrounding area, and livestock is raised and processed. There are sawmills and plants for fruit-oil ...
Coronella austriaca (reptile)
(Coronella austriaca), moderately abundant, nonvenomous snake occurring from western Europe to the Caucasus, belonging to the family Colubridae. It has smooth, glossy scales and is usually not more than 70 cm (28 inches) long....
coroner
a public official whose principal duty in modern times is to inquire, with the help of a jury, into any death that appears to be unnatural....
Coroners Amendment Act (United Kingdom [1926])
Legislation in the 19th century eliminated the vestiges of the coroner’s early powers, many of which were already obsolete. The Coroners Amendment Act of 1926 further limited his duties to conducting an inquest into deaths occurring within his district by violent or unnatural means or from some unknown cause, or into the death of a person in prison or under circumstances that require an inq...
coroner’s jury (law)
a group summoned from a district to assist a coroner in determining the cause of a person’s death. The number of jurors generally ranges from 6 to 20. Even in countries where the jury system is strong, the coroner’s jury, which originated in medieval England, is a disappearing form....
coronet (headdress)
in Great Britain, ceremonial headdress of a peer or peeress, still worn with robes at a coronation and adorned along its rim with ornaments varying with the rank of the wearer: 8 strawberry leaves for a duke; 4 leaves and 4 silver balls for a marquess; 8 balls on tall points with strawberry leaves between for an earl; 16 small, close-set balls for a viscount; and 6 larger balls...
Coronet (American magazine)
...were started by Wilfred J. Funk on the proceeds from his father’s Literary Digest (sold to Time in 1938). Of those more directly inspired by Reader’s Digest, Coronet (1936–61), an offshoot of Esquire Inc., built up a large circulation during World War II, and when it closed, a victim of the promotion race, it was still running at more than......
Coronet, Operation (World War II)
The second phase of the plan, code-named Coronet, envisioned a landing near Tokyo on the home island of Honshu in the spring of 1946 and a Japanese surrender sometime before the end of the year. The same mid-range estimate that predicted 132,000 casualties for Olympic projected 90,000 for Coronet. If both invasions were necessary, by the most conservative estimates the United States would......
Coronilla emerus (plant)
The bladder sennas (Colutea species) are Old World shrubs or small trees; their yellow flowers are followed by inflated pods. Scorpion senna (Coronilla emerus), also shrubby, is grown as an ornamental for its yellow flowers. ...
Coronilla varia (plant)
(Coronilla varia), vigorous trailing plant, of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to the Mediterranean region but widely grown in temperate areas as a ground cover. It has fernlike leaves an...
Coronium (Spain)
city, capital of A Coruña provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Galicia, in extreme northwestern Spain. It lies on an inlet facing the Atlantic Ocean...
coronoid fossa (anatomy)
...laterally articulates with the radius; the trochlea, a spool-shaped surface, articulates with the ulna. The two depressions—the olecranon fossa, behind and above the trochlea, and the coronoid fossa, in front and above—receive projections of the ulna as the elbow is alternately straightened and flexed. The epicondyles, one on either side of the bone, provide attachment for......
coronoid process (anatomy)
...the olecranon process; it articulates behind the humerus in the olecranon fossa and may be felt as the point of the elbow. The projection that forms the lower border of the trochlear notch, the coronoid process, enters the coronoid fossa of the humerus when the elbow is flexed. On the outer side is the radial notch, which articulates with the head of the radius. The head of the bone is......
Coronophorales (order of fungi)
Annotated classification...
CoRoT (French satellite)
French satellite designed to study the internal structure of stars and to detect extrasolar planets. It was launched on Dec. 27, 2006, by a Soyuz launch vehicle from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and is scheduled to operate until 2013....
Corot, Camille (French painter)
French painter, noted primarily for his landscapes, who inspired and to some extent anticipated the landscape painting of the Impressionists. His oil sketches, remarkable for their technical freedom and clear colour, have come to be as highly regarded as the finished pic...
Corot, Jean-Baptiste-Camille (French painter)
French painter, noted primarily for his landscapes, who inspired and to some extent anticipated the landscape painting of the Impressionists. His oil sketches, remarkable for their technical freedom and clear colour, have come to be as highly regarded as the finished pic...
CoRoT-2b (astronomy)
...have been called “super-Earths.” Its density is similar to that of Earth, and thus it is a rocky planet like Earth, the first such planet to be confirmed. Another CoRoT discovery, CoRoT-2b, has a mass 22 times that of Jupiter and orbits its star every 4.26 days. CoRoT-2b is either a very large planet or a small brown dwarf with an unusually small orbital period....
CoRoT-7 (star)
the first extrasolar planet that was shown to be a rocky planet like Earth. CoRoT-7b orbits a main-sequence star, CoRoT-7, of spectral type K0 (an orange star, cooler than the Sun) that is about 500 light-years from Earth. CoRoT-7 was discovered in 2009 by the French satellite CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and Planetary Transits), when it passed in front of its star. CoRoT-7b orbits its star......
CoRoT-7b (extrasolar planet)
the first extrasolar planet that was shown to be a rocky planet like Earth. CoRoT-7b orbits a main-sequence star, CoRoT-7, of spectral type K0 (an orange star, cooler than the Sun) that is about 500 light-years from Earth. CoRoT-7 was discovered in 2009 by the French...
Coroticus (British chieftain)
...none from any. On at least one occasion, he was cast into chains. On another, he addressed with lyrical pathos a last farewell to his converts who had been slain or kidnapped by the soldiers of Coroticus....
Corowa (New South Wales, Australia)
town on the Murray River, New South Wales, Australia. Immediately on the opposite side of the Murray River, in Victoria, is the twin town of Wahgunyah. Corowa was established in 1858. The Corowa Conference in 1893 marked an important point in the movement for federation of the Australian colonies. Situated in a section of the Riverina that produces wool, wheat...
Corozal (Belize)
town, northern Belize. It is a port on Chetumal Bay of the Caribbean Sea, across from the southeast corner of Mexico. Economic activities include sugar refining, rum distilling, and fish processing. Coconuts, sugar, and corn (maize) a...
Corpo Vivo (novel by Adonias Filho)
...Brazil. Memórias de Lázaro (1952; Memories of Lazarus) and O Forte (1965; “The Fortress”) complete the trilogy. In 1962 he published the novel Corpo Vivo (“Living Body”), which maintains the dreamlike ambience that characterizes the trilogy. The novel Noite sem madrugada (“Night Without Dawn”) was......
corpora allata (insect anatomy)
As in other insects, growth and its structural changes are controlled by an interacting set of hormones. These are chiefly secreted by the corpora allata and other parts of the brain and by paired prothoracic glands. The prothoracic gland hormone is necessary for larval molting (ecdysis), metamorphosis to the pupa, and formation of adult characteristics. On the other hand, a hormone secreted by......
corpora cardiaca (anatomy)
...structures are all found in the insect endocrine system. There are several neurosecretory centres in the brain, the largest being the pars intercerebralis. The paired corpora cardiaca (singular, corpus cardiacum) and the paired corpora allata (singular, corpus allatum) are both neurohemal organs that store brain neurohormones, but each has some endocrine cells as well. The ventral nerve cord......
corpora cavernosa (anatomy)
When normal erection occurs, the sides and the bottom of the penis, the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum, respectively, become engorged with blood so that the penis enlarges, hardens, and assumes an erect position. The major symptom of priapism is pain and tenderness in the enlarged portions. There may be a short period during the onset when pleasurable sensations are felt, but this......
Corporación Minera de Bolivia (Bolivian company)
...country continues, however, to be exceptionally vulnerable to changes in world tin demand. In the 1980s, for example, a glut in the world market forced the formerly state-owned mining corporation, Corporación Minera de Bolivia (COMIBOL), to cut its production drastically and lay off more than two-thirds of its workforce....
Corporación Nacional del Cobra de Chile (Chilean company)
state-owned Chilean mining company that is one of the largest copper producers in the world. Headquarters are in Santiago....
corporal punishment
the infliction of physical pain upon a person’s body as punishment for a crime or infraction. Corporal punishments include flogging, beating, branding, mutilation, blinding, and the use of the stock and pillory. In a broad sense, the term also denotes the physical disciplining of children in the schools and at home....
corporal works of mercy (Christianity)
...activities have involved organized assistance, supported by the contributions of the entire community and rendered by dedicated persons. The church in this way fulfills the duty of “the seven corporal works of mercy” mentioned in the Gospel According to Matthew (chapter 25) and carries on the healing mission of Jesus. Protestant churches continued the works of institutional......
Corporale (work by Volponi)
...province is the human consequences of Italy’s rapid postwar industrialization (Memoriale [1962], La macchina mondiale [1965; The Worldwide Machine], and Corporale [1974]). Leonardo Sciascia’s sphere is his native Sicily, whose present and past he displays with concerned and scholarly insight, with two of his better-known books...
corporate bond
...year up only 4.3%, only marginally above the return investors would have received from simply holding long-term government bonds. Investors looking for more substantial rewards flooded into corporate bonds, which are more speculative than securities backed by the U.S. government but offer higher interest rates. Even in the riskiest areas of the market, demand for corporate debt......
corporate chain store (business)
Two or more outlets that have common ownership and control, centralized buying and merchandising operations, and similar lines of merchandise are considered corporate chain stores. Corporate chain stores appear to be strongest in the food, drug, shoe, variety, and women’s clothing industries. Managed chain stores have a number of advantages over independently managed stores. Because managed...
corporate crime (law)
White-collar crime that is part of a collective and organized effort to serve the economic interests of a corporation is known as corporate crime. In some cases corporate crimes are conducted by bogus entities that pose as legal corporations or partnerships. Although corporations cannot be incarcerated, they can be criminally punished with fines and other sanctions. Criminal liability in these......
corporate finance (business)
the acquisition and allocation of a corporation’s funds, or resources, with the objective of maximizing shareholder wealth (i.e., stock value). In the financial management of a corporation, funds are generated from various sources (i.e., from equities and liabilities) and are allocated (invested) for de...
corporate law
the body of rules, whether by convention, agreement, or national or international legislation, governing the dealings between persons in commercial matters....
corporate management
The third essential feature, a system of management, varies greatly. In a simple form of business association the members who provide the assets are entitled to participate in the management unless otherwise agreed. In the more complex form of association, such as the company or corporation of the Anglo-American common-law countries, members have no immediate right to participate in the......
corporate sponsorship
Corporate sponsorship is one key area where the “brand value” of sports is central to the relationship between mass media and sports. Corporate sponsorship, which has long since replaced the aristocratic patrons who once staged sports events, has enabled sports organizations and competitions to be funded while expanding brand recognition, identification, and loyalty for the......
corporate state (ideology)
the theory and practice of organizing society into “corporations” subordinate to the state. According to corporatist theory, workers and employers would be organized into industrial and professional corporations serving as organs of political representation and controlling to a large extent the persons and activities within their jurisdiction. However, as the “corporate state...
corporate trust (finance)
Trust companies serve as trustees for individuals, business corporations, nonprofit institutions, and governmental bodies. They distinguish between personal trusts and corporate trusts, often having separate departments for the two classes. In serving as trustee, the company usually takes legal title to property conveyed to it and manages it according to the instructions of the creator of the......
corporatio (medieval community)
Thus, the town in the Low Countries became a communitas (sometimes called corporatio or universitas)—a community that was legally a corporate body, could enter into alliances and ratify them with its own seal, could sometimes even make commercial or military contracts with other towns, and could negotiate directly with the prince. Land within the town’s boundarie...
corporation
specific legal form of organization of persons and material resources, chartered by the state, for the purpose of conducting business....
Corporation Act (Great Britain [1661])
...the Parliament elected in 1661 was determined on an uncompromising Anglican and royalist settlement. The Militia Act of 1661 gave Charles unprecedented authority to maintain a standing army, and the Corporation Act of 1661 allowed him to purge the boroughs of dissident officials. Other legislation placed strict limits on the press and on public assembly, and the 1662 Act of Uniformity created.....
corporation law
the body of rules, whether by convention, agreement, or national or international legislation, governing the dealings between persons in commercial matters....
Corporation of Metropolitan Toronto (administrative body, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)
In 1967 the Corporation of Metropolitan Toronto was reorganized. The 13 municipalities were reduced to six, and the council was increased to 33 members. Later legislation gave the boroughs the option to rename themselves cities. The council considerably extended its responsibilities in education and the social services, adding, for example, urban renewal, waste disposal, and ambulance and......
Corporation of Yaddo, The (American organization)
a working community of writers, composers, and visual artists, located on the outskirts of Saratoga Springs, New York, U.S. Yaddo is a nonprofit organization founded in 1900 by New York financier Spencer Trask (1844–1909), his wife, the writer Kate, or Katrina, Nichols Trask (1853–1922), and philanthropist George Foste...
Corporations, Bureau of (United States agency)
...supported the administration, going so far in the oil and tobacco decisions of 1911 as to reverse its 1895 decision. In addition, in 1903 Roosevelt persuaded a reluctant Congress to establish a Bureau of Corporations with sweeping power to investigate business practices; the bureau’s thoroughgoing reports were of immense assistance in antitrust cases. While establishing the supremacy of ...
Corporations, Council of (Italian government)
...work of the corporations, Mussolini’s government created a central corporative committee, which turned out in practice to be indistinguishable from the ministry of corporations. In 1936 the national Council of Corporations met as the successor to the Chamber of Deputies and as Italy’s supreme legislative body. The council was composed of 823 members, 66 of whom represented the Fas...
corporatism (ideology)
the theory and practice of organizing society into “corporations” subordinate to the state. According to corporatist theory, workers and employers would be organized into industrial and professional corporations serving as organs of political representation and controlling to a large extent the persons and activities within their jurisdiction. However, as the “corporate state...
corporativism (ideology)
the theory and practice of organizing society into “corporations” subordinate to the state. According to corporatist theory, workers and employers would be organized into industrial and professional corporations serving as organs of political representation and controlling to a large extent the persons and activities within their jurisdiction. However, as the “corporate state...
corporativismo (ideology)
the theory and practice of organizing society into “corporations” subordinate to the state. According to corporatist theory, workers and employers would be organized into industrial and professional corporations serving as organs of political representation and controlling to a large extent the persons and activities within their jurisdiction. However, as the “corporate state...
corporeal property (law)
Every known legal system has rules that deal with the relations among persons with respect to (at least) tangible things. The extraordinary diversity of the property systems of non-Western societies, however, suggests that any concept of property other than the descriptive one is dependent on the culture in which it is found. Because property law deals with the allocation, use, and transfer of......
Corporis et Animae in Homine Conjunctio (work by Clauberg)
...from his proof for the existence of God based on a concept of the infinite to an account of knowledge and being in general. The similarity of this work to the thought of Plato is evident also in Corporis et Animae in Homine Conjunctio (1663; “On the Joining of the Body and the Soul in Man”), in which he addressed the Cartesian topic of the relation between body and soul. Th...
corps (military unit)
...is commanded by a major general. A division contains all the arms and services needed for the independent conduct of military operations. Two to seven divisions and various support units make up an army corps, or a corps, which has 50,000 to 300,000 troops and is commanded by a lieutenant general. The army corps is the largest regular army formation, though in wartime two or more corps may be.....
corps (mathematics)
A main question pursued by Dedekind was the precise identification of those subsets of the complex numbers for which some generalized version of the theorem made sense. The first step toward answering this question was the concept of a field, defined as any subset of the complex numbers that was closed under the four basic arithmetic operations (except division by zero). The largest of these......
Corps d’Afrique (United States history)
...broke out between the states in 1861, he ran the Confederate blockade on the Mississippi to reach Federal-held New Orleans; there he raised a company of black volunteers for the North, called the Corps d’Afrique. When he encountered racial discrimination in the service, however, he resigned his captain’s commission....
Corps de dame (series by Dubuffet)
...and Two Women in the Country (1954). The deliberate vulgarity of these paintings contrasts with the French painter Jean Dubuffet’s no less harsh Corps de dame series of 1950, in which the female, formed with a rich topography of earth colours, relates more directly to universal symbols....
Corps des Ponts et Chaussées (French organization)
The beginnings of civil engineering as a separate discipline may be seen in the foundation in France in 1716 of the Bridge and Highway Corps, out of which in 1747 grew the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (“National School of Bridges and Highways”). Its teachers wrote books that became standard works on the mechanics of materials, machines, and hydraulics, and......
Corps Législatif (French history)
the legislature in France from 1795 to 1814. In the period of the Directory it was the name of the bicameral legislature made up of the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients. Under Napoleon’s consulate, legislative powers were nominally divided among three bodies: the Tribunate (Tribun...
“Corps lesbien, Le” (work by Wittig)
...(1964; The Opoponax) is a brilliant account of the making of a feminine subject, from childhood to adolescence. Le Corps lesbien (1973; The Lesbian Body), a violent, sadomasochistic, and lyrical text of prose fiction, is a unique attempt to evoke in its own language the body of female desire....
Corpse Bride (film by Burton and Johnson)
...In 2001 Burton remade the science-fiction classic The Planet of the Apes (1968). His later films include Big Fish (2003) and Tim Burton’s Corpse Bride (2005), which was nominated for an Academy Award for best animated feature. The latter movie featured voice work by Depp, who subsequently reteamed with Burton on.....