A-Z Browse

Previous Next

ribbon weed (plant)
...plants that grow only on rocks in rushing water, flower in the dry season when the plants are exposed; pollination occurs with the aid of wind or insects or by selfing. Another aquatic plant, ribbon weed, sends its male and female flowers to the surface separately. There, the former transform themselves into minute sailboats, which are driven by the wind until they collide with the female......
ribbon worm (invertebrate)
any member of the invertebrate phylum Nemertea (sometimes called Nemertinea, or Rhynchocoela), which includes mainly free-living forms but also a few parasites of crustaceans, mollusks, and sea squirts. The majority of the approximately 900 known nemertean species are found in marine habitats. Some, however, live in freshwat...
ribbonfish (fish)
any of several species of deep-sea, marine fishes constituting the family Trachipteridae (order Lampridiformes). The family contains three genera: Trachipterus, Desmodema, and Zu. These slender-bodied fishes occur in all the major oceans. The name ribbonfish comes from the laterally compressed, elongate body. Ribbonfishes are further distinguished by their upward-pointing caud...
Ribbonism (Irish secret-society movement)
Irish Catholic sectarian secret-society movement that was established at the beginning of the 19th century in opposition to the Orange Order, or Protestant Orangemen. It was represented by various associations under different names, organized in lodges, and recruited from among farmers and tradesmen. It was most prominent in Ulster, north Leinster...
Ribe (Denmark)
city, southwestern Jutland, Denmark, on the Ribe River, 4 miles (6 km) from the North Sea. It is one of Denmark’s oldest towns: the earliest archaeological finds there date to the 8th century, when it was a seasonal trading post. First mentioned in 862, it became a bishopric in 948. In the Middle Ages it was a thrivin...
Ribe (county, Denmark)
city, southwestern Jutland, Denmark, on the Ribe River, 4 miles (6 km) from the North Sea. It is one of Denmark’s oldest towns: the earliest archaeological finds there date to the 8th century, when it was a seasonal trading post. First mentioned in 862, it became a bishopric in 948. In the Middle Ages it was a thrivin...
Ribeauvillé (France)
town, Haut-Rhin département, Alsace région, eastern France. It lies at the entrance of the valley of the Strengbach, under the Vosges Mountains, 33 miles (53 km) southwest of Strasbourg....
Ribeira (Spain)
city, A Coruña provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Galicia, northwestern Spain. The city lies on the Arousa Inlet across the inlet from Vilagarcia de Arousa, in the coastal zone. Remains of ...
Ribeira (district, Portugal)
...and 1,984 feet (605 metres) at its longest, descending the hill below the castle. Even before the Portuguese conquest, two districts had already been built outside the walls: Alfama to the east and Ribeira to the west....
Ribeira Grande (Cape Verde)
...slave trade was controlled through the crown-issued monopoly contracts, in the late 16th century the English and Spanish began to wear away the Portuguese monopoly. In addition, the prosperity of Ribeira Grande attracted pirates, who attacked the city in 1541. The English later attacked it twice—in 1585 and 1592—the first time under the command of Sir Francis Drake. After a French...
Ribeirão Prêto (Brazil)
city, northeastern São Paulo estado (state), southeastern Brazil. It is situated in a highlands region at an elevation of 1,700 feet (520 metres) above sea level, on the Prêto River, a tributary of the Pardo River. Founded in 1856 and formerly called...
Ribeiro, Aquilino (Portuguese author)
novelist, the mainstay of Portuguese fiction writing until the surge of neorealist regionalism that began in 1930....
Ribeiro, Aquilino Gomes (Portuguese author)
novelist, the mainstay of Portuguese fiction writing until the surge of neorealist regionalism that began in 1930....
Ribeiro, Bernardim (Portuguese writer)
Portuguese poet and prose writer who introduced the pastoral style to Portugal in five idylls, or eclogues, and a prose romance. His lyrical treatment of the yearnings of unrequited love provided models for the tradition of the saudade (poem of longing) that profoundly influenced the development of Portuguese literature...
Ribeiro Couto, Rui (Brazilian writer)
Brazilian poet, short-story writer, and diplomat, one of the leading figures of Modernism in its early years. Originally a symbolist poet, Ribeiro Couto evolved toward the Modernism that exploded upon the Brazilian literary scene in the early 1920s, publishing poems and short stories concerning themes of humble everyday life...
Ribera, F. de (Catholic scholar)
Scientific exegesis was pursued on the Catholic side by scholars such as F. de Ribera (1591) and L. Alcasar (1614), who showed the way to a more satisfactory understanding of the Revelation. On the Reformed side, the Annotationes in Libros Evangeliorum (1641–50) by the jurist Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) were so objective that some criticized them for rationalism....
Ribera, Giuseppe de (Spanish painter)
Spanish painter and printmaker, noted for his Baroque dramatic realism and his depictions of religious and mythological subjects....
Ribera, José de (Spanish painter)
Spanish painter and printmaker, noted for his Baroque dramatic realism and his depictions of religious and mythological subjects....
Ribera, Josef de (Spanish painter)
Spanish painter and printmaker, noted for his Baroque dramatic realism and his depictions of religious and mythological subjects....
Ribera, Jusepe de (Spanish painter)
Spanish painter and printmaker, noted for his Baroque dramatic realism and his depictions of religious and mythological subjects....
Ribero, Diego (Spanish cosmographer)
In 1529 Diego Ribero, cosmographer to the king of Spain, made a new chart of the world on which the vast extent of the Pacific was first shown. Survivors of Magellan’s circumnavigation of the world had arrived in Sevilla (Seville) in 1522, giving Ribero much new information....
Ribes (plant genus)
genus of about 150 species of shrubs of two distinct groups, the currants and the gooseberries, constituting the family Grossulariaceae. They are native to the temperate regions of North America, extending southward into the Andes. Some authorities separate the gooseberries as the genus ...
Ribes alpinum (shrub)
...(R. hirtellum), black currant (R. nigrum), buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove, currant (R. aureum), bearing spicy-fragrant yellow flowers; and R.......
Ribes aureum (shrub)
...common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove, currant (R. aureum), bearing spicy-fragrant yellow flowers; and R. viburnifolium, a sprawling evergreen. Because all Ribes species are alternative hosts of the....
Ribes grossularia (shrub)
...The tart fruit is eaten ripe and often made into jellies, preserves, pies, and other desserts or wine. Hundreds of varieties are grown in northern Europe, many interplanted in fruit orchards. English gooseberries (R. uva-crispa), popularly called grossularia, are native to the Old World and have long been cultivated for fruit. In Europe the large-fruited cultivated gooseberries......
Ribes hirtellum (shrub)
Species grown for their edible fruit include the English, or European, gooseberry (R. uva-crispa), American gooseberry (R. hirtellum), black currant (R. nigrum), buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered......
Ribes nigrum (shrub)
Species grown for their edible fruit include the English, or European, gooseberry (R. uva-crispa), American gooseberry (R. hirtellum), black currant (R. nigrum), buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered......
Ribes odoratum (shrub)
Species grown for their edible fruit include the English, or European, gooseberry (R. uva-crispa), American gooseberry (R. hirtellum), black currant (R. nigrum), buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered......
Ribes rubrum (shrub)
...English, or European, gooseberry (R. uva-crispa), American gooseberry (R. hirtellum), black currant (R. nigrum), buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove,......
Ribes speciosum (shrub)
...buffalo currant (R. odoratum), and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum). Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove, currant (R. aureum), bearing spicy-fragrant yellow flowers; and R. viburnifolium, a sprawling evergreen. Because all......
Ribes uvacrispa (shrub)
...The tart fruit is eaten ripe and often made into jellies, preserves, pies, and other desserts or wine. Hundreds of varieties are grown in northern Europe, many interplanted in fruit orchards. English gooseberries (R. uva-crispa), popularly called grossularia, are native to the Old World and have long been cultivated for fruit. In Europe the large-fruited cultivated gooseberries......
Ribes viburnifolium (shrub)
...gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove, currant (R. aureum), bearing spicy-fragrant yellow flowers; and R. viburnifolium, a sprawling evergreen. Because all Ribes species are alternative hosts of the destructive blister rust fungus, which also attacks white pines, there are local prohibitions to growing Ribes near any white pine plantations....
Ribeyro, Julio Ramón (Peruvian writer)
short-story writer, novelist, and playwright, one of the Latin American masters of the short story, whose works display a rare mix of social criticism and fantasy, projecting a bleak view of Peruvian life. Ribeyro was the author of some eight volumes of short stories, th...
Ribicoff, Abraham Alexander (American politician)
American politician who served as a U.S. representative, governor of Connecticut, secretary of health, education, and welfare, and U.S. senator but was best remembered by many for the reaction that he provoked from Chicago’s Mayor Richard J. Daley at the 1968 Democratic national convention when he spoke out against police "Gestapo tactics in the streets" (b. April 9, 1910, New Britain, Conn...
ribivarin (drug)
...B to develop into chronic liver disease. Alcoholics who are infected with hepatitis C are more prone to develop cirrhosis. The treatment for hepatitis C is a combination of alpha interferon and ribivarin; only about half of those receiving these drugs respond....
Ribnica (Montenegro)
city, administrative centre of Montenegro. It is situated in southern Montenegro near the confluence of the Ribnica and Morača rivers....
riboflavin (chemical compound)
a yellow, water-soluble organic compound that occurs abundantly in whey (the watery part of milk) and in egg white. An essential nutrient for animals, it can be synthesized by green plants and by most bacteria and fu...
riboflavin deficiency (pathology)
...include bone disease, irritability, and bleeding under the skin and mucous membranes. Pellagra is due to a deficiency of niacin and is manifested clinically by diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. Riboflavin deficiency results in lesions of the skin and corners of the mouth, with a peculiar smoothing of the tongue. Beriberi is a consequence of thiamine deficiency. The major clinical features......
Ribold and Guldborg (Danish ballad)
...Freudian paradigm operates rigidly in ballads: fathers oppose the suitors of their daughters, mothers the sweethearts of their sons. Thus, “The Douglas Tragedy”—the Danish “Ribold and Guldborg”—occurs when an eloping couple is overtaken by the girl’s father and brothers or “Lady Maisry,” pregnant by an English lord, is burned by her...
ribonuclease (enzyme)
In his Nobel Prize-winning research, Anfinsen studied how the enzyme ribonuclease breaks down the ribonucleic acid (RNA) present in food. Anfinsen was able to ascertain how the ribonuclease molecule folds to form the characteristic three-dimensional structure that is compatible with its function. His writings include The Molecular Basis of Evolution (1959)....
ribonuclease L (gene)
Several studies have revealed an association between hereditary susceptibility to prostate cancer and sequence variations in a gene called RNASEL (ribonuclease L), which plays a role in maintaining immunity against viral infections. The most common RNASEL variant is a mutation that results in decreased activity of the encoded ribonuclease L protein, thereby......
ribonuclease P (enzyme)
...the amino acids are linked into proteins. He isolated and characterized a precursor molecule in the biochemical pathway leading to the synthesis of tRNA and subsequently identified an enzyme called ribonuclease P (RNase P), which cleaved a specific bond within the precursor molecule. This enzymatic cleavage enabled the tRNA synthetic pathway to advance to the next step. During purification of.....
ribonucleic acid (biochemistry)
complex compound of high molecular weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis and replaces DNA (deoxyribonucleic aci...
ribonucleic acid interference (biochemistry)
regulatory system occurring within eukaryotic cells (cells with a clearly defined nucleus) that controls the activity of genes. RNAi functions specifically to silence, or deactivate, genes....
ribose (biochemistry)
five-carbon sugar found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), where it alternates with phosphate groups to form the “backbone” of the RNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases. Ribose phosphates are components of the nucleotide coenzymes and are utilized by microorganisms in the synthesis of the ...
ribosomal ribonucleic acid (genetics)
molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein. The three major types of RNA that occur in cells include rRNA, mRNA, and tr...
ribosomal RNA (genetics)
molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein. The three major types of RNA that occur in cells include rRNA, mRNA, and tr...
ribosome (cytology)
tiny particle that is present in large numbers in all living cells and serves as the site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes occur both as free particles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic retic...
Ribot, Alexandre-Felix-Joseph (premier of France)
French statesman of the Third Republic who was four times premier of France....
Ribot, Théodule-Armand (French psychologist)
French psychologist whose endeavour to account for memory loss as a symptom of progressive brain disease, iterated in his Les Maladies de la mémoire (1881; Diseases of Memory), constitutes the most influential early attempt to analyze abnormalities of memory in terms of physiology....
Riboud, Antoine-Amédée-Paul (French industrialist)
French industrialist (b. Dec. 25, 1918, Lyon, France—d. May 5, 2002, Paris, France), joined a small family-owned glass-making business, Souchon-Neuvesel, in 1942 and through a series of mergers, acquisitions, and hostile takeovers eventually turned it into a global food empire. In 1966 Riboud engineered a merger with another glass manufacturer, Boussois, to form BSN SA. He expanded relentle...
ribozyme (biochemical)
Not all catalysis within the cell is carried out exclusively by proteins. Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman, jointly awarded a Nobel Prize in 1989, discovered that certain RNAs, now known as ribozymes, showed enzymatic activity. Cech showed that a noncoding sequence (intron) in the small subunit rRNA of protozoans, which had to be removed before the rRNA was functional, can excise itself from a......
ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (chemical compound)
The initial incorporation of carbon dioxide, which is catalyzed by the enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, proceeds by the addition of carbon dioxide to the five-carbon compound ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) and the splitting of the resulting unstable six-carbon compound into two molecules of PGA, a three-carbon compound. As indicated in Figure 2, this reaction occurs three times......
ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (enzyme)
The initial incorporation of carbon dioxide, which is catalyzed by the enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, proceeds by the addition of carbon dioxide to the five-carbon compound ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) and the splitting of the resulting unstable six-carbon compound into two molecules of PGA, a three-carbon compound. As indicated in Figure 2, this reaction occurs three times......
ribulose 5-phosphate (chemical compound)
...molecule of NADP+ is reduced as 6-phosphogluconate is further oxidized; the reaction is catalyzed by 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [13]. The products of the reaction also include ribulose 5-phosphate and carbon dioxide. (The numbers at the carbon atoms in step [13] indicate that carbon 1 of 6-phosphogluconate forms carbon dioxide.)...
ribwort (plant)
The greater plantain (Plantago major) provides seed spikes for bird food. Ribwort and hoary plantain (P. lanceolata and P. media, respectively) are troublesome weeds. By contrast, psyllium and P. ovata have been useful in medical science; they produce mucilaginous seeds, which have been used, for example, in laxative preparations known as psyllium, ispaghul, or......
ribwort family (plant family)
One of the biggest upheavals (and uncertainties) in family circumscriptions resulting from the adoption of the APG II classification lies within the part of Lamiales that used to be called Scrophulariales. Molecular studies showed that earlier morphologically based delimitations of families, such as Scrophulariaceae, do not hold up well in a system based on common ancestry. Consequently, many......
RIC (historical British security force)
name given to British recruits enrolled in the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) from January 1920 to July 1921. Their colloquial name derived from the makeshift uniforms they were issued because of a shortage of RIC uniforms—green police tunics and khaki military trousers, which together resembled the distinctive markings of a famous pack of Limerick foxhounds. When Irish republican......
Ricard, Jean-François (French philosopher and journalist)
French philosopher and journalist (b. Jan. 19, 1924, Marseille, France—d. April 30, 2006, Kremlin-Bicêtre, near Paris, France), was a defender of American liberal democracy, an unusual position for a French intellectual. Ricard adopted the pen name Revel in the Resistance during World War II. He graduated in philosophy from the École Normale Supérieure in 1943, after wh...
Ricard, Louis-Xavier (French author)
...India and ancient Greece. The Parnassians derived their name from the anthology to which they contributed: Le Parnasse Contemporain (3 vol., 1866, 1871, 1876), edited by Louis-Xavier de Ricard and Catulle Mendès and published by Alphonse Lemerre. Their principles, though, had been formulated earlier in Théophile Gautier’s preface to Mademoiselle de Maupin......
Ricard, Paul-Louis-Marius (French businessman)
French business executive who created the fashionable Ricard pastis, an anise-flavoured liquor that became the third largest-selling alcoholic beverage in the world. The son of a Marseille wine merchant, Ricard built his family business into an international beverage cong...
Ricardo, David (British economist)
English economist who gave systematized, classical form to the rising science of economics in the 19th century. His laissez-faire doctrines were typified in his Iron Law of Wages, which stated that all attempts to improve the real income of workers were futile and that wages perforce remained near the subsistence level....
Ricardo Leite, Cassiano (Brazilian poet, critic, and journalist)
poet, essayist, literary critic, and journalist, one of the most versatile 20th-century Brazilian poets. During his long life he participated in every literary movement from Parnassianism through Modernism to the Concretism and Praxis Poetry of the 1960s....
Ricasoli, Baron Bettino (Italian statesman)
...campaign and partly to events in Italy itself, where political unification seemed imminent. On April 27 insurgents had overthrown Leopold II of Tuscany, and moderate political leaders headed by Baron Bettino Ricasoli had formed a provisional government. In June Parma, Modena, and the Papal Legations (the northern Papal States) had rebelled. Only in the Marche and Umbria were papal troops......
Ricca, Paul (American gangster)
Chicago gangster who was considered “the brains” behind the operations of Al Capone and Capone’s successors, Frank Nitti and Tony Accardo. He was the Chicago representative in the formation of the national crime syndicate in 1934, led by ...
Ricci, Alessandra dei (Italian Dominican mystic)
Italian Dominican mystic. At the age of 13 she entered the Dominican convent at Prato, becoming prioress from 1560 to 1590. Famous for her visions of the Passion and her stigmatization, she was the author of letters (ed. by Fr. Sisto of Pisa, 1912) and other minor works....
Ricci calculus (mathematics)
branch of mathematics concerned with relations or laws that remain valid regardless of the system of coordinates used to specify the quantities. Such relations are called covariant. Tensors were invented as an extension of vectors to formalize the manipulation of geometric entities arising in the study of mathematical manifolds....
Ricci, Catherine dei, Saint (Italian Dominican mystic)
Italian Dominican mystic. At the age of 13 she entered the Dominican convent at Prato, becoming prioress from 1560 to 1590. Famous for her visions of the Passion and her stigmatization, she was the author of letters (ed. by Fr. Sisto of Pisa, 1912) and other minor works....
Ricci flow (mathematics)
In 1982 the American mathematician Richard Hamilton took up the idea of studying how a manifold develops as its curvature is smoothed out, using what is known as a Ricci flow (after the Italian mathematician Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro). Much was achieved, but Hamilton reached an impasse when he could not show that the manifold would not snap into pieces under the flow. Perelman’s decisive......
Ricci, Frank (American firefighter)
The man at the centre of the lawsuit was Frank Ricci, a white firefighter who testified that he had studied for several hours a day and had paid a friend to record textbooks onto tape for him so that he could overcome his dyslexia in order to do well on the test. New Haven’s mayor, John DeStefano, was named as one of the respondents in the lawsuit. Attorneys for the city of New Haven argued...
Ricci, Matteo (Italian Jesuit missionary)
Italian Jesuit missionary who introduced Christian teaching to the Chinese empire in the 16th century. He lived there for nearly 30 years and was a pioneer in the attempt at mutual comprehension between China and the West. By adopting the language and culture of the country, he gained entrance to the interior of China, which was normally closed to foreigners....
Ricci, Nino (Canadian author)
...tackle the experiences of immigrants—their interrogation of the meaning of home and belonging, their feelings of cultural assimilation and estrangement, and their intergenerational struggles. Nino Ricci, a Canadian of Italian descent, portrays the long journey from Italy to Canada in his trilogy Lives of the Saints (1990), In a Glass House (1993), and Wher...
Ricci, Ruggiero (American violinist)
U.S. violinist known especially for his performances and recordings of Paganini’s works....
Ricci, Scipione de’ (Italian bishop)
a diocesan meeting held in 1786 that was important in the history of Jansenism, a nonorthodox, pessimistic, and rigoristic movement in the Roman Catholic church. The synod, presided over by Scipione de’ Ricci, bishop of Pistoia-Prato, and under the patronage of Peter Leopold, grand duke of Tuscany (later the Holy Roman emperor Leopold II), was aimed at a reform of the Tuscan church along th...
Ricci, Sebastiano (Italian painter)
...provided one of the bases for the brilliant flowering of Venetian painting in this period. While Giovanni Battista Piazzetta looked toward Crespi for the basis of his expressive Tenebrist style, Sebastiano Ricci took his cue from Giordano. The brilliant lightness and vivacity of his frescoes in the Palazzo Marucelli-Fenzi, Florence, mark the beginning of a great tradition of Venetian......
Ricci v. DeStefano (law case)
case alleging racial discrimination that was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court on June 29, 2009. The court’s decision, which agreed that the plaintiffs were unfairly kept from job promotions because of their race, was expected to have widespread ramifications for affirmative action...
Ricci-Curbastro, Gregorio (Italian mathematician)
Italian mathematician instrumental in the development of absolute differential calculus, formerly also called the Ricci calculus but now known as tensor analysis....
Riccia (plant genus)
genus of liverworts (small, creeping plants) in the order Marchantiales, widely distributed throughout the world. The most well-known species, Riccia fluitans, sometimes called slender riccia, forms branching green ribbons about 0.1 centimetre (about 0.04 inch) wide and about 1.3 to 5 centimetres long that float in shallow ponds. The r...
Riccia fluitans (plant)
genus of liverworts (small, creeping plants) in the order Marchantiales, widely distributed throughout the world. The most well-known species, Riccia fluitans, sometimes called slender riccia, forms branching green ribbons about 0.1 centimetre (about 0.04 inch) wide and about 1.3 to 5 centimetres long that float in shallow ponds. The ribbons often become tangled in large masses. Other......
Ricciarelli, Daniele (Italian artist)
Italian Mannerist painter and sculptor, noted for his finely drawn, highly idealized figures done in the style of Michelangelo....
Riccio, Andrea (Italian sculptor)
Renaissance sculptor and goldsmith best known for his miniature sculptures in bronze....
Riccio, David (Italian royal secretary)
secretary to Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots; he helped to arrange her marriage to Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley....
Riccioli, Giovanni Battista (Italian astronomer)
first star found (by the Italian astronomer Giovanni Battista Riccioli in 1650) to be a visual binary—i.e., to consist of two optically distinguishable components revolving around each other. Later, each of the visual components was determined to be a spectroscopic binary; Mizar is actually a quadruple star. Apparent visual magnitudes of the two visual components are 2.27 and 3.95. Set in.....
Riccoldo di Montecroce (Dominican missionary)
...propaganda and punished apostasy with death, conversions from Islam were few. The Dominican William of Tripoli had some success, presumably within the Crusaders’ area; he and his colleague Riccoldo di Monte Croce both wrote perceptive treatises on Islamic faith and law. Other missionaries usually failed, and many suffered martyrdom. In the 14th century the Franciscans were finally......
Ricco’s law (physiology)
...limits, on its size, a larger patch requiring a lower luminance, and vice versa. Within a small range of limiting area, namely that subtending about 10 to 15 minutes of arc, the relationship called Ricco’s law holds; i.e., threshold intensity multiplied by the area equals a constant. This means that over this area, which embraces several hundreds of rods, light falling on the indi...
rice (cereal grain)
edible starchy cereal grain and the plant by which it is produced. Roughly one-half of the world population, including virtually all of East and Southeast Asia, is wholly dependent upon rice as a staple food; 95 percent of the world’s rice crop is eaten by humans....
Rice, Alice Caldwell Hegan (American author)
American novelist and short-story writer most widely known for her 1901 best-seller, Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch, a book often translated, staged, and filmed since its publication....
Rice, Allen Thorndike (editor)
...Review had become somewhat dull by midcentury but regained its prestige under the editorships of James Russell Lowell (1863–72) and Henry Adams (1872–76). In 1877 it was purchased by Allen Thorndike Rice, who served as editor until his death in 1889. Rice moved the review to New York City and transformed it into a national periodical dealing with contemporary issues, affair...
Rice, Anne (American author)
American author who was best known for her novels about vampires and other supernatural creatures....
rice bean (plant)
...lands of Africa. Important too are the seeds of Bauhinia esculenta; they are gathered for the high-protein tubers and seeds. Vigna aconitifolia (moth bean) and V. umbellata (rice bean) are much used in the tropics for forage and soil improvement, and their seeds are palatable and rich in protein. Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (winged bean) is collected in Southeast......
Rice, Condoleezza (American government official)
American educator and politician, who served as national security adviser (2001–05) and secretary of state (2005–09) to Pres. George W. Bush....
Rice, Daddy (American entertainer)
American actor regarded as the father of the minstrel show....
Rice, Dan (American clown)
American clown who was one of the most highly acclaimed clowns in the history of the circus. Rice was renowned for an act that included singing, dancing, witty badinage with the audience, feats of strength, trick riding, and exhibitions of trained wild animals....
Rice, Edgar Charles (American baseball player)
American clown who was one of the most highly acclaimed clowns in the history of the circus. Rice was renowned for an act that included singing, dancing, witty badinage with the audience, feats of strength, trick riding, and exhibitions of trained wild animals.......
Rice, Edmund Ignatius (Irish businessman)
founder and first superior general of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools of Ireland (Christian Brothers), a congregation of nonclerics devoted exclusively to educating youth....
Rice, Elmer (American playwright, director, and novelist)
American playwright, director, and novelist noted for his innovative and polemical plays....
Rice, Grantland (American sports writer)
sports columnist and author who established himself over many years as one of the United States’ leading sports authorities....
Rice, Henry Grantland (American sports writer)
sports columnist and author who established himself over many years as one of the United States’ leading sports authorities....
Rice Institute (university, Houston, Texas, United States)
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Houston, Texas, U.S. The university includes the Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Management, Shepherd School of Music, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, and George R. Brown School of Engineering as well as schools of humanities, social sciences, and architecture. In addition to undergraduate studies, the university offer...
Rice, Irene (American artist)
American painter who explored abstraction and metaphysics in her work....