(Translated by
https://www.hiragana.jp/
)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
125 captures
17 May 2009 - 23 Apr 2017
Nov
JAN
Feb
01
2009
2011
2012
success
fail
About this capture
COLLECTED BY
Organization:
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive discovers and captures web pages through many different web crawls. At any given time several distinct crawls are running, some for months, and some every day or longer. View the web archive through the
Wayback Machine
.
Collection:
Wide Crawl started October 2010
Web wide crawl with initial seedlist and crawler configuration from October 2010
TIMESTAMPS
The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20110101134824/http://healthyminds.org/Main-Topic/Obsessive-Compulsive-Disorder.aspx
home
about
brochures
resources
site map
Find Topic:
Choose a topic
Addiction
ADHD
Alzheimers
Anxiety Disorders
Bipolar Disorder
Choosing a Psychiatrist
Coping with Disasters
Depression
Domestic Violence
Eating Disorders
HIV & AIDS
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Mental Health and the Economy
Mental Illness
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Panic Disorder
Patient Bill of Rights
Phobias
Postpartum Depression
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Psychotherapy
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Schizophrenia
Suicide
Warning signs
What is a Psychiatrist?
All Topics ..
Find Info:
Choose a type
Athletes
African Americans
American Indians/Alaskan Natives
Asian American/Pacific Islanders
Children
College Age Students
Latino Mental Health
Men
Military
Women
Seniors
Sexual Orientation
Healthy Minds TV Program
Healthy Minds Blog Contributors
Public Service Announcements
Search:
Learn More About...
Addiction
ADHD
Alzheimers
Anxiety Disorders
Bipolar Disorder
Choosing a Psychiatrist
Coping with Disasters
Depression
Domestic Violence
Eating Disorders
HIV & AIDS
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Mental Health and the Economy
Mental Illness
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Panic Disorder
Patient Bill of Rights
Phobias
Postpartum Depression
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Psychotherapy
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Schizophrenia
Suicide
Warning signs
What is a Psychiatrist?
All Topics .
More Info For...
Athletes
African Americans
American Indians/Alaskan Natives
Asian American/Pacific Islanders
Children’s Mental Health
College Age Students
Latino Mental Health
Men
Military
Women
Seniors
Sexual Orientation
Healthy Minds TV Program
Healthy Minds Blog Contributors
Public Service Announcements
Home
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder in which time-consuming obsessions and compulsions significantly interfere with a person’s routine, making it difficult work or to have a normal social life. OCD often begins in childhood, adolescence or early adulthood. Afflicting over four million Americans, OCD is equally common in men and women and knows no geographic, ethnic, or economic boundaries.
Obsessions
Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that cause distressing emotions such as anxiety or disgust. People with OCD recognize that the thoughts, impulses, or images are a product of their mind and are excessive or unreasonable. Yet these intrusive thoughts cannot be settled by logic or reasoning. Most people try to ignore or suppress such obsessions or neutralize them with some other thought or action. Typical obsessions include excessive concerns about contamination or harm, the need for symmetry or exactness, or forbidden sexual or religious thoughts.
Compulsions
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession. The behaviors are aimed at preventing or reducing distress or a feared situation. In the most severe cases, a constant repetition of rituals may fill the day, making a normal routine impossible. Compounding the anguish these rituals cause is the knowledge that the compulsions are irrational. Some examples are:
Cleaning
To reduce the fear that real or imagined germs, dirt, or chemicals will "contaminate" them some spend many hours washing themselves or cleaning their surroundings.
Repeating
To dispel anxiety, some utter a name or phrase, or repeat a behavior several times. They know these repetitions won’t actually guard against injury but fear harm will occur if the repetitions aren’t done.
Checking
To reduce the fear of harming oneself or others by, for example, forgetting to lock the door or turn off the gas stove, some develop checking rituals. Some also repeatedly retrace driving routes to be sure they haven’t hit anyone.
Ordering and arranging
To reduce discomfort, some like to put objects, such as books in a certain order, or arrange household items “just so”, or in a symmetric fashion, or to have things perfect.
Hoarding
To reduce discomfort, some hold onto newspapers, magazine, clothes, papers, and scraps, such that they form piles, and disrupt the household.
Mental compulsions
In response to intrusive obsessive thoughts, some silently pray or say phrases to reduce anxiety or prevent a dreaded future event.
Treatment
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
One effective treatment is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy known as exposure and response prevention. During treatment sessions, patients are exposed to the situations that create anxiety and provoke compulsive behavior or mental rituals. Through exposure, patients learn to decrease and then stop the rituals that plague their lives. They find that the anxiety arising from their obsessions lessens without engaging in ritualistic behavior. This technique works well for patients whose compulsions focus on situations that can be re-created easily. For patients who engage in compulsive rituals because they fear catastrophic events that can’t be re-created, therapy relies on imagining exposure to the anxiety-producing situations.
Throughout therapy the patient follows exposure and response prevention guidelines on which the therapist and patient agree. Cognitive-behavior therapy can help many OCD patients substantially reduce their OCD symptoms. However, treatment only works if patients adhere to the procedures. Some patients will not agree to participate in cognitive-behavioral therapy because of the anxiety it involves, and others have depression that must be treated simultaneously.
Medication
A class of medications known as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) is effective in the treatment of OCD. Each SRI can be expected to help about half of those who try it, and patients who do not respond to one sometimes respond to another. Marked benefit usually takes six to twelve weeks to occur. SRIs that are proven effective in OCD include clomipramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline. Other psychotropic medications that may be effective are citalopram, escitalopram, and venlafaxine. These medications, though very helpful, often leave residual symptoms and these residual symptoms are treated by augmenting SRIs with other medications or with cognitive-behavioral therapy.
OCD patients who have received appropriate treatment have shown to have increased quality of life and improved functioning. Treatment does more than affect symptoms alone. Successful treatment may improve the individual's ability to attend school, work, develop and enjoy relationships and pursue leisure activities.
Other conditions sharing some features of OCD occur more frequently in family members of OCD patients, and in some cases respond to similar treatments. These include somatoform disorders such as body dysmorphic disorder (preoccupation with imagined ugliness) and hypochondriasis (preoccupation with physical illness), impulse control disorders such as trichotillomania (hair pulling), some eating disorders such as binge eating disorder, and neurologically based disorders such as Tourette’s syndrome.
For more information:
Anxiety Disorders Association of America
National Institutes of Mental Health -
Anxiety disorders
Email this page
Print this page
Related Fact Brochures
OCD
Anxiety Disorders
From:
Email:
To:
Email:
Subject:
Message: