Oral History
The Oral History Program
Knowledge held in the human memory is one of the most important sources of historical information. Historians use many sources for their work in writing about and analysing history. Most of these sources are documentary. Consequently, collections of documents and photographs such as those held by the Northern Territory Archives Service (NTAS) are essential elements in this work. But human memories of facts, people, places and ideas are often never recorded in documents or photographs, so a record of spoken memories becomes another very valuable source of information for historical research.
In 1979 the Northern Territory Government recognised that there were many important recollections of life and time in the Territory that should be preserved for posterity, and so established an oral history program within the Chief Minister's Department. In 1985 this work became the responsibility of a unit of the NTAS. By the end of 2005, over 1500 sound recordings of interviews had been deposited with the NTAS, amounting to over 2500 recorded hours. A printed transcript has also been made for most of these interviews.
Many of the people interviewed have deposited with the NTAS documents or photographs which they feel should be safely preserved together with their spoken memories. The Oral History program has therefore encouraged many significant additions to the archives collections.
Aims of the Oral History Unit
The most important aim of the Unit is to establish an oral history resource for research purposes. Another vital task is to locate other historical records and assist in the process of depositing them with the NTAS.
In addition, the Unit provides professional advice to private and community oral history projects, and can assist with recording equipment, transcription and documentation of interviews, and offers custody of the final materials at the NTAS.
Interviewing
Although the Unit prefers to speak to older people whose memories of the Territory go back a long way, interviews are often conducted with more recent arrivals in the Territory. The Unit adopts a very broad approach and has collected interviews with people from such diverse backgrounds as stock-hands and former Administrators. Interviews can cover Territory recollections from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present day. Among many topics there are significant holdings on particular aspects such as: the Second World War, particularly the bombing of Darwin; the history of the pastoral industry; and the development of regional centres, as well as life in remote or isolated towns and settlements.
Initially, a recording is made of interviews, more often these days in digital rather than analog format. Later, a printed transcript is compiled and this is checked by the interview participants for accuracy. Finally, the audio recording and a corrected copy of the transcript are deposited under permanent, safe storage conditions in the NTAS repository in Darwin. Recordings and transcripts are also availalbe in Alice Springs. Interview subjects are provided with a copy of the transcript.
In the process of planning its interview program, the Unit welcomes information from researchers and the community in general on potential interview subjects. Please use the Oral History Program Nomination form included in our Oral History Program Information Leaflet to alert NTAS of potential interviewees.
Access
Interview subjects always determine the conditions of access by others to their interviews or other personal records. These are set down in a written agreement. Whilst most are available for inspection by registered researchers without restrictions, sometimes access may not be allowed at all for a number of years; alternatively, the interview subject’s written permission may be required. Also, there may be different access conditions applying for inspection by researchers to those where publication is intended.
Material available for research use may be consulted in the Search Room at the NTAS in Darwin. Most researchers use a transcript rather than the audio recordings, but the sound recordings are available, generally on compact disk (CD), and elapsed time information from the CD is now shown in summaries, content listings and transcripts.
Copying of oral history materials is subject to conditions of access and provisions relating to copyright. Details of charges for copies may be obtained from the Archivist, Access and Promotion.
Research Aids
Information about all interviews held at the NTAS is recorded in a computer-based catalogue. Researchers are able to inspect summaries and content listings for most of the collection, as well as lists which give details of topics, places and people mentioned in transcripts. Computer-based searches of the summaries and content listings are provided in the Search Room.
Oral histories are arranged in series of recordings and transcripts. The main series of Oral History transcripts is NTRS 226.This series consists of typed transcripts of oral history interviews and is arranged numerically with a TS prefix. When browsing the list please note that Description 2 (D2) is the name of the interviewee and that Description 3 (D3), when available, is the name of the interviewer. Also please note that access to each of the oral histories may change. Please consult NTAS staff for further details.
The Unit also liaises with other programs throughout Australia, particularly where these contain material relevant to the Northern Territory.
