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hilus (anatomy)
...and gives up carbon dioxide, the oxygenated blood in veins is collected first into venules and then into progressively larger veins; it finally flows through four pulmonary veins, two from the hilum of each lung. (The hilum is the point of entry on each lung for the bronchus, blood vessels, and nerves.) These veins then pass to the left atrium, where their contents are poured into the......
Hilversum (Netherlands)
gemeente (municipality), west-central Netherlands. The centre of the Gooiland district of lakes and woods, it was a village dependent on agriculture and weaving until the railway arrived in 1874. It is now a southeastern suburb of Amsterdam, a health and summer resort, and the centre of Dutch radio and television broadcasting. Manufactures include electrical machinery, telephone equipment, ...
Hilversum culture (anthropology)
...imports (from central and northern Europe and the British Isles), and a modest local bronze industry. The origin of cremation and the burial of ashes in urns in the southern Netherlands and Belgium (Hilversum culture) can be related to close contacts with Wessex, in Britain....
Hilwan (Egypt)
ancient settlement, now part of the Ḥulwān muḥāfaẓah (governorate), Egypt. It lies near the right (east) bank of the Nile River. After Egypt gained independence in 1952, it grew into an industrial suburb linked to Cairo by highway and electric railway....
him (play by Cummings)
In 1927 his play him was produced by the Provincetown Players in New York City. During these years he exhibited his paintings and drawings, but they failed to attract as much critical interest as his writings. Eimi (1933) recorded, in 432 pages of experimental prose, a 36-day visit to the Soviet Union, which confirmed his individualist repugnance for......
Hima (people)
Two main ethnic elements exist in the population—the pastoral Hima, who are probably descendants of wandering Nilotes, and the more agricultural Iru, descendants of the original Bantu. The Haya were traditionally organized in a series of 130 or so patrilineal clans, each having its own totem. They were formerly divided among eight small states, each under a ruler called the mukama......
Himachal (mountains, Asia)
middle section of the Himalayan mountain ranges, extending southeastward across north Pakistan, north India, Nepal, Sikkim (India), and into Bhutan. The range lies between the Great (north) and Siwālik, or Outer (south), Himalayan ranges and has an average height of 12,000 to 15,000 feet (3,700 to 4,500 m). It includes portions of the Punjab, Kumaun, Nepal, and Assam Himalayas....
Himachal (region, Uttarakhand, India)
...25,000 feet (3,000 to 7,600 metres). Most of the major peaks are located in this zone. Adjacent to and south of the Great Himalayas is a zone containing the Lesser Himalayas, known popularly as the Himachal, with elevations between about 6,500 and 10,000 feet (2,000 to 3,000 metres); the zone has two linear ranges—the Mussoorie and the Nag Tibba. To the south of the Himachal is a stretch...
Himachal Pradesh (state, India)
state of India, in the extreme northern part of the Asian subcontinent. It is bounded by the state of Jammu and Kashmir to the north, by the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the east, and by the states of Uttarakhand to the southeast, Haryana to the south, and Punjab...
Himadri (region, Uttarakhand, India)
Uttarakhand can be divided into several physiographic zones, all running parallel to each other from northwest to southeast. The northern zone, popularly known as the Himadri, contains segments of the Zaskar and the Great Himalaya ranges, with elevations ranging roughly from 10,000 to 25,000 feet (3,000 to 7,600 metres). Most of the major peaks are located in this zone. Adjacent to and south of......
Himadri (mountain range, Asia)
highest and northernmost section of the Himalayan mountain ranges. It extends southeastward across northern Pakistan, northern India, and Nepal before trending eastward across Sikkim state (India) and Bhutan and finally turning northeastward across northern Arunachal Pradesh...
Himalaya (mountains, Asia)
great mountain system of Asia forming a barrier between the Plateau of Tibet to the north and the alluvial plains of the Indian subcontinent to the south. The Himalayas include the highest mountains in the world, with more than 110 peaks rising to elev...
Himalaya honeysuckle (plant)
...are used for making wines and jellies. Large, showy bracts (leaflike structures) enclose the fruits of Dipelta, a genus of ornamental, fragrant, flowering, tall shrubs native to China. Himalaya honeysuckle (Leycesteria formosa) has long leaves and produces drooping spikes of purple flowers with purple bracts....
Himalayan (breed of cat)
breed of domestic cat with the colouring of the Siamese and the build and coat of the longhair, or Persian. The Himalayan is produced by matings between Siamese and longhairs followed by selected breeding of the offspring to bring out the proper colouring, coat, and build. A good Himalayan is cobby (of stocky build) and short-legged with lon...
Himalayan bear (mammal)
member of the bear family (Ursidae) found in the Himalayas, Southeast Asia, and part of eastern Asia, including Japan. The Asiatic black bear is omnivorous, eating insects, fruit, nuts, beehives, small mammals, and birds, as well as carrion. It will occasionally attack domestic animals. It has a glossy bla...
Himalayan field rat (rodent)
...to dark gray, sometimes suffused with buff tones. Tail, ears, and feet are dark brown. As with fur texture, colour is variable. The Sikkim rat has brownish upperparts and a pure white underside; the Himalayan field rat (R. nitidus) has a brown back, gray underparts, and feet of pearly white. Others have very dark fur, such as the Mentawai rat (R. lugens) native t...
Himalayan goral (mammal)
...lives in a narrow area between Tibet, Myanmar, and India; the long-tailed goral (N. caudatus), which ranges from southeast Asia up to the Sikhote-Alin mountains of eastern Siberia; and the Himalayan goral (N. goral), which occurs over the entire Himalayan region. The first two species are vulnerable to extinction, whereas the third species is still fairly abundant. Habitat loss,.....
Himalayan Impeyan (bird)
Several pheasants are of exceptional coloration. Such are the monals, or Impeyan pheasants, of south-central Asia. The male Himalayan Impeyan (Lophophorus impejanus) has a metallic-green head and throat, coppery nape and neck, green-gold mantle, purplish wings, white back, orangish tail, and black underparts; the hen is streaked brown. The Chinese monal (L. lhuysii), now found......
Himalayan langur (primate)
...varies from 5.5 kg (12 pounds) in the smallest species, the white-fronted langur (Presbytis frontata) of Borneo, up to 15 kg in the female and 19 kg in the male of the Himalayan langur (Semnopithecus schistaceus). Leaf monkeys have long fur, and many species have characteristic caps or crests of long hair. Colour varies among species......
Himalayan pine (tree)
Similar to P. pinea is P. griffithi, the Himalayan, or blue, pine, which differs chiefly in its longer cones and drooping, glaucous foliage. It grows in Kumaeon and Bhutan and on some of the Nepal ranges, where it attains large dimensions....
Himalayan tahr (mammal)
The Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), found from Kashmir to Sikkim, is reddish brown to dark brown. The male has a full mane covering the neck and forequarters. An adult male can weigh up to 120–140 kg (260–310 pounds), while females weigh about 60 kg (130 pounds). The Nilgiri tahr, or Nilgiri ibex (H. hylocrius, or, by some classifications, ......
Himalayan yew (plant)
...tree or shrub of the yew family (Taxaceae), widely distributed throughout Europe and Asia as far east as the Himalayas. Some botanists consider the Himalayan form to be a separate species, called Himalayan yew. Rising to a height of 10 to 30 metres (about 35 to 100 feet), the tree has spreading branches and slightly drooping branchlets. The bark is reddish brown and flaky, sometimes deeply......
Himalayas (mountains, Asia)
great mountain system of Asia forming a barrier between the Plateau of Tibet to the north and the alluvial plains of the Indian subcontinent to the south. The Himalayas include the highest mountains in the world, with more than 110 peaks rising to elev...
Himalayish languages
...are enumerated below together with their most likely affiliation. Some scholars believe the Tibetic and Burmic divisions to be premature and that for the present their subdivisions (such as Bodish, Himalayish, Kirantish, Burmish, Kachinish, and Kukish) should be considered as the classificatory peaks around which other Sino-Tibetan languages group themselves as members or more or less distant.....
Himalia (astronomy)
...(as can be seen in the table). The more distant group—made up of Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae, and Sinope— has retrograde orbits around Jupiter. The closer group—Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, and Elara—has prograde orbits. (In the case of these moons, retrograde motion is in the direction opposite to Jupiter’s spin and motion around the Sun, whi...
Himantandra (plant genus)
...have been milled for timber, which has been used in building construction and for furniture and veneer. They are too scattered, however, to be deliberately sought for timber. Wood from Galbulimima (family Himantandraceae) has been used in Australia for cabinetmaking. The leaves and bark contain piperidine derivatives, which have narcotic and hallucinogenic effects. In Papua New......
Himantandraceae (plant family)
Himantandraceae consists of a single genus of large trees, Galbulimima (also known as Himantandra). The vessels of the mature wood have simple perforations (a more advanced feature than in Degeneria). The alternate leaves have their lower surfaces covered with characteristic shield-shaped hairs. Flowers are usually solitary, as in Degeneria, and have two unusual......
Himantoglossum hircinum (plant)
(Himantoglossum hircinum), unusual-looking plant of the family Orchidaceae, occurring sporadically in a variety of dry European habitats. Each greenish-purple flower bears several long, slightly twisted lobes. The two side lobes resemble the hindlegs of a lizard, the long central part of the lip is similar to a tail,...
Himantopus himantopus (bird)
The common stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is variably black and white with pink legs and red eyes. Among its races are the black-winged stilt (H. h. himantopus), of the Old World, and the black-necked stilt (H. h. mexicanus), of the New World; and very dark birds occur in New Zealand....
Himantopus himantopus himantopus (bird)
The common stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is variably black and white with pink legs and red eyes. Among its races are the black-winged stilt (H. h. himantopus), of the Old World, and the black-necked stilt (H. h. mexicanus), of the New World; and very dark birds occur in New Zealand.......
Himantopus himantopus mexicanus (bird)
...common stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is variably black and white with pink legs and red eyes. Among its races are the black-winged stilt (H. h. himantopus), of the Old World, and the black-necked stilt (H. h. mexicanus), of the New World; and very dark birds occur in New Zealand....
himation (clothing)
The pallium probably developed from the ancient Greek himation, called pallium by the Romans, an outer garment formed from a rectangular piece of cloth draped around the body as a mantle or folded and carried over the shoulder when not needed for warmth. Gradually, the pallium became narrower and resembled a long scarf. The Y-shaped pallium probably developed during the 7th century....
Himatione sanguinea (bird)
(Himatione sanguinea), Hawaiian songbird, common on larger islands, a nectar-feeding member of the Hawaiian honeycreeper family, Drepanididae (order Passeriformes). About 13 centimetres (5 inches) long, it is red, except for its dark wings and t...
Himeji (Japan)
city, southwestern Hyōgo ken (prefecture), western Honshu, Japan. It is situated west of Kōbe, near the Inland Sea. It developed as a castle town around the white five-storied Himeji, or Shirasagi (“Egret”), Castle, built in the 14th century and reconstructed in 1577 and 1964...
Himeji Castle (castle, Himeji, Japan)
...ken (prefecture), western Honshu, Japan. It is situated west of Kōbe, near the Inland Sea. It developed as a castle town around the white five-storied Himeji, or Shirasagi (“Egret”), Castle, built in the 14th century and reconstructed in 1577 and 1964. The castle was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1993. A large part of th...
himene (music)
...polyphonic chanting, nose flute, and drum playing were admired by 18th-century explorers, experienced a particularly rapid and thorough Westernization of their music. Still, the modern Tahitian himene, contrapuntal compositions in as many as six voices, retain some indigenous elements of music structure derived from polyphonic chant. The term himene is derived from......
Himera (ancient city, Italy)
ancient city on the northern Himeras (modern Grande) River, on the northern coast of Sicily. It was founded in about 649 bc by Syracusan exiles and Chalcidian inhabitants of Zancle (Messana). Early in the 5th century the tyrant Terillus, who had been driven out of Himera by Theron of Acragas, encouraged an unsuccessful Carthaginian invasion of Sicily, which ended in the death of Ham...
Himera, Battle of (ancient Greek history)
...a long period of peace, it went in 410 to the aid of Segesta, an ally in Sicily, and turned the war into one of revenge for the earlier defeat. After initial successes, including the destruction of Himera, a treaty confirmed Carthage’s control of the west of the island. During the 4th century most of the region’s wars were caused by the attempts of various rulers of Syracuse to dr...
Himerius (Greek rhetorician)
Greek rhetorician, influential teacher and practitioner of the florid style popular in the 4th century....
Himerus (Parthian governor)
...127 bc, when the Parthians were fighting nomadic invaders in the eastern part of their territory. His rule there must have been short, however, for the Parthian governor of Babylon and the north, Himerus, was back in Seleucia and Babylon by 126. Himerus could not have been a rebel, since he struck coins in the name of the Parthian rulers Phraates II and Artabanus II, both of whom ...
Himes, Chester (American writer)
African-American writer whose novels reflect his encounters with racism. As an expatriate in Paris, he published a series of black detective novels....
Himes, Chester Bomar (American writer)
African-American writer whose novels reflect his encounters with racism. As an expatriate in Paris, he published a series of black detective novels....
Himiko (Japanese ruler)
first known ruler of Japan and the supposed originator of the Grand Shrine of Ise, still considered the most important Shintō sanctuary in Japan....
Himilco (Carthaginian explorer)
like Hanno, a Carthaginian explorer of the 5th century bc, mentioned first by Pliny the Elder (1st century ad). Hanno explored the coast of Africa, while Himilco sailed north from Gades (present-day Cadiz, Spain) for four months. Historians differ on whether he reached Brittany or discovered the ...
Himilco (Carthaginian general)
Carthaginian general who twice made conquests of the Greeks in Sicily that brought him to the gates of Syracuse and twice had his momentum broken by plague among his soldiers....
Himmel rühmen des ewigen Ehren, Die (work by Gellert)
...Oden und Lieder (1757; “Spiritual Odes and Songs”), poems and hymns that combined religious feeling with the rationalism of the Enlightenment. The most famous of these, “Die Himmel rühmen des ewigen Ehren” (“The Heavens Praise the Eternal Glories”) and “Die Ehre Gottes aus der Natur” (“The Glory of God in Nature...
Himmelfahrt (work by Bahr)
...was appointed director of the Deutsches Theater, Berlin, and in 1918 he was for a short time director of the Vienna Burgtheater. During World War I, under the influence of Catholicism, his novel Himmelfahrt (1916; “The Ascension”) represented the staunchly Catholic school of thought in his country. His later critical works, which show his interest in the social effect of......
Himmerland (region, Denmark)
region of Jutland between Hobro and Ålborg, forming the northernmost non-insular part of Denmark. It is nearly surrounded by water. At Års, the main town of the interior, the Vesthimmerlands Museum displays prehistoric and folk artifacts. Himmerland is a predominantly rural region of villages and farms. Although much of the former wetland has been drained, the leac...
Himmler, Heinrich (German Nazi leader)
German National Socialist (Nazi) politician, police administrator, and military commander who became the second most powerful man in the Third Reich....
himoragi (Japanese Shintō tradition)
in Japanese Shintō tradition, sacred areas or ritual precincts marked off by rocks, tree branches, and hemp ropes. This kind of special cordoned-off natural space serves as a temporary sanctuary for kami spirits and is the predecessor for all forms of Shintō shrines....
Ḥimṣ (Syria)
city, central Syria. The city is situated near the Orontes River at the eastern end of Syria’s only natural gateway from the Mediterranean coast to the interior. It occupies the site of ancient Emesa, which contained a great temple to the sun god...
Himself (painting by Henri)
During an extremely active life as an artist, Henri exercised considerable influence as a portrait painter. A painting such as Himself (1913) reveals his facile brushwork, lively palette, and ability to catch fleeting gestures and expressions. He also wielded influence as a teacher. From 1915 to 1928 Henri taught at the Art Students League in New York. During this......
Ḥimyar (people)
originally, an important tribe in the ancient Sabaean kingdom of southwestern Arabia; later, the powerful rulers of much of southern Arabia from about 115 bc to about ad 525....
Ḥimyarite (people)
originally, an important tribe in the ancient Sabaean kingdom of southwestern Arabia; later, the powerful rulers of much of southern Arabia from about 115 bc to about ad 525....
hin (unit of measurement)
...contained about 37 litres (nearly 10 U.S. gallons); if so, the log equaled slightly more than 0.5 litre (0.14 U.S. gallon), and the hin slightly more than 6 litres (1.6 U.S. gallons). The Hebrew system was notable for the close relationship between dry and liquid volumetric measures; the liquid ......
Hina (caste)
...the Govi caste, which was stratified into chiefs, titled men, and peasants. Chiefs were important supporters of royal absolutism and helped administer the government. Nonagricultural people, the Hina, were considered of lower rank and were divided into occupational groups. These caste groups were endogamous; each lived in its own section, along particular streets. Castes were stratified in......
Hinart, Louis (Flemish weaver)
any product of the tapestry factory established in 1664 in Beauvais, Fr., by two Flemish weavers, Louis Hinart and Philippe Behagle. Although it was under the patronage of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the finance minister to Louis XIV, and was subsidized by the state, the Beauvais works was a private enterprise....
Hinault, Bernard (French cyclist)
Bernard Hinault, the legendary French cyclist, rode with LeMond on both the Renault team and later the La Vie Claire team and was instrumental in teaching LeMond the strategy and mental toughness necessary to win at the sport’s highest levels. In 1983 LeMond entered his first Tour de France, finishing third, and a few months later won his first world championship. At the 1984 Tour de France...
Hināwī (tribal confederation, Oman)
...made among the religious leaders and the heads of the major groups, particularly the leaders of the two major tribal confederations that came to be known as the Ghāfirīs and the Hināwīs....
Hīnayāna (Buddhism)
the more orthodox, conservative schools of Buddhism; the name Hīnayāna was applied to these schools by the followers of the Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition in ancient India. The name reflected the Mahāyānists’ evaluation of their own tradition as a superior method, surpassing the others in universality and compassion; but the name was...
Hinchinbrook Island (island, Queensland, Australia)
island off the northeastern coast of Queensland, Australia. It is situated opposite the port of Cardwell and 60 miles (95 km) northeast of Townsville. About 22 miles (35 km) long and 152 square miles (394 square km) in area, it is separated from the mainland by Hinchinbrook Channel. The thickly wooded, mountainous island, now a national park...
Hinchliffe, Robert (British manufacturer)
...of the Middle Ages. Pivoted scissors of bronze and iron were used in ancient Rome and in China, Japan, and Korea. In Europe their domestic use dates from the 16th century, but not until 1761, when Robert Hinchliffe of Sheffield, Eng., first used cast steel in their manufacture, did large-scale production begin. In the 19th century much hand-forged work was produced, with elaborately ornamented....
Hinckley and Bosworth (district, England, United Kingdom)
borough (district), administrative and historic county of Leicestershire, England. It comprises the town of Hinckley, an important centre of the hosiery industry since framework knitting was introduced there in 1640, as well as the towns of Market Bosworth and Earl Shilton, which is a centre of both the hosiery and footwear ...
Hinckley, Gordon B. (American religious leader)
15th president (1995–2008) of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly known as the Mormon church. Hinckley helped to expand the church from some 9 million to nearly 13 million members worldwide and led it from the margins to the mainstream of American society....
Hinckley, John W., Jr. (American assassin)
...administration from unveiling a so-called “October surprise”—the release of the hostages in October 1980, before election day. Then, on March 30, 1981, a deranged drifter named John W. Hinckley, Jr., fired six shots from a .22-calibre revolver at Reagan as he left a Washington, D.C., hotel. One of the bullets entered Reagan’s chest, puncturing a lung and lodging one ...
Hincks, Sir Francis (Canadian journalist and politician)
journalist and politician. He served as joint premier of the united province of Canada in 1851–54....
Hincmar of Reims (French theologian)
archbishop, canon lawyer, and theologian, the most influential political counselor and churchman of the Carolingian era (9th century)....
Hind (Soviet helicopter)
...designed specifically for attack. At the end of the 1960s the Soviet Union’s Mil Mi-12 became the world’s largest helicopter, with a maximum takeoff weight of 105 tons, and in 1978 the smaller Mil Mi-24 set a helicopter speed record of 368.4 km (228.9 miles) per hour....
hind (fish)
any of certain species of fishes in the sea bass family, Serranidae (order Perciformes). All species referred to as hinds are in the genus Epinephelus, which also includes many groupers. They are found in the Atlantic Ocean an...
Hind and the Panther, The (poem by Dryden)
...and Chanticleer the Cock, the basis later of “The Nun’s Priest’s Tale” in Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. John Dryden used the beast epic as the framework of the poem The Hind and the Panther (1687), and Joel Chandler Harris’ Uncle Remus: His Songs and His Sayings (1880) derived many episodes from beast tales carried...
Hind, Henry Youle (Canadian educator, geologist, and explorer)
English-born Canadian educator, geologist, and explorer whose expedition to the Northwest Territories in 1858 encouraged the settlement of those regions and their eventual union with Canada....
Hind Hord (ballad)
Perhaps a dozen or so ballads derive from medieval romances. As in “Hind Horn” and “Thomas Rymer,” only the climactic scene is excerpted for the ballad. In general, ballads from romances have not worn well in tradition because of their unpalatable fabulous elements, which the modern folk apparently regard as childish. Thus, “Sir Lionel” becomes in America....
Hind, John Russell (English astronomer)
...by as much as 5 magnitudes in a few days, declining again to normal brightness in two or three weeks. U Geminorum was the first of the class to be discovered, in 1855, by the English astronomer John Russell Hind. U Geminorum stars are binary stars with periods of less than a day and are made up of a red main-sequence star and a white dwarf star that is surrounded by a disk of material......
Hind Mazdoor Sabha (trade-union federation)
third largest trade-union federation in India after the All-India Trade Union Congress and the Indian National Trade Union Congress. The HMS was formed by the Socialists in 1948 but has little real connection with the Socialist Party. It is one of the least political and most pragmatic trade-union federations in India. The H...
Hindawi (Urdu dialect)
Earlier varieties of Urdu, variously known as Gujari, Hindawi, and Dakhani, show more affinity with eastern Punjabi and Haryani than with Khari Boli, which provides the grammatical structure of standard modern Urdu. The reasons for putting together the literary products of these dialects, forming a continuous tradition with those in Urdu, are as follows: first, they share a common milieu,......
hindbrain (anatomy)
region of the developing vertebrate brain that is composed of the medulla oblongata and the pons. The hindbrain is one of the three major developmental divisions of the brain; the other two are the midbrain and forebrain....
Hinde, Robert (British zoologist)
...in the behaviouristic context referred to above, these often failed to coincide with one another, implying that there must be more than a single unitary force at work. In the 1960s British zoologist Robert Hinde drew on many examples to support the view that the causal basis of behaviour is dispersed among numerous variables affecting sensory, central, and motor pathways. Since then motivationa...
Hindemith, Paul (German composer)
one of the principal German composers of the first half of the 20th century and a leading musical theorist. He sought to revitalize tonality—the traditional harmonic system that was being challenged by many other composers—and also pioneered in the writing of Gebrauchsmusik, or “utility music,” compositions for everyday occasions. He regarded t...
Hindenburg (Poland)
city, Śląskie województwo (province), southern Poland. It is situated in the Upper Silesian industrial district....
Hindenburg (German airship)
German dirigible, the largest rigid airship ever constructed, and the victim of a spectacular disaster. The Hindenburg was a 245-metre- (804-foot-) long airship of conventional zeppelin design that was launched at Friedrichshafen, Ger., in March 1936. It had a maximum speed of 135 km (84 miles) per hour and a cruising speed o...
“Hindenburg” disaster (aviation history)
Explosion of the dirigible Hindenburg, the largest rigid airship ever constructed. Launched in 1936 in Germany, it started the first commercial air service across the North Atlantic and made 10 successful round trips. On May 6, 1937, as it was landing in Lakehurst, N.J., U.S., its hydrogen gas burst into flames, destroying the airship and killing 36 of the 97 persons aboa...
Hindenburg Line (German defense system)
defensive barrier improvised by the German army on the Western Front in World War I. Faced with substantial numerical inferiority and a dwindling firepower advantage, the new German commanders, Field Marshal Paul von H...
Hindenburg, Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von (German president)
German field marshal during World War I and second president of the Weimar Republic (1925–34). His presidential terms were wracked by political instability, economic depression, and the rise to power of ...
Hindenburg, Paul von (German president)
German field marshal during World War I and second president of the Weimar Republic (1925–34). His presidential terms were wracked by political instability, economic depression, and the rise to power of ...
hindgut (anatomy)
Other herbivores make efficient use of leafy foods through hindgut fermentation. In animal species generally, the main breakdown of foods by enzymes and absorption into the bloodstream occurs in the small intestine. The main function of the large intestine is then to absorb most of the water remaining so as to conserve losses when the water supply is limited. In the “hindgut......
Hindi language
member of the Indo-Aryan group within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is the preferred official language of India, although much national business is also done in English and the other languages recog...
Hindi literature
the writings of the western Braj Bhasa and Khari Boli and of the eastern Awadhi and Bundeli dialects of the Indian subcontinent and also the writings of parts of Rajasthan in the west and of Bihar in the east that, strictly speaking, are not Hindi at all. Hindi literature also conventionally includes those works of Muslim writers (such as Jayasi) in the Persia...
Hindiyyah Barrage (dam, Iraq)
...and Al-Hindiyyah—a distance of about 140 miles (225 km)—are the mouths of all the main controlled-irrigation canals, as well as most of the pumping installations. Near Al-Hindiyyah the river splits into two branches, Al-Ḥillah and Al-Hindiyyah, each of which, over the centuries, alternately has carried the main flow of the river. A barrage (a low dam for......
Hindley, Myra (British serial killer)
British serial killer (b. July 23, 1942, Manchester, Eng.—d. Nov. 15, 2002, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, Eng.), was convicted in 1966 of the torture and murder of two children and of having been the accessory in the murder of a third. The “Moors Murderers,” as Hindley and Ian Brady came to be called because the victims’ bodies were found buried on the Pennine Moors, were ...
Hindman School (school, Hindman, Kentucky, United States)
A fund-raising tour of eastern cities enabled them to open the Hindman School in August 1902. The school offered academic subjects in addition to crafts and domestic and industrial skills. The efforts of another coworker made medical treatment available for the endemic trachoma that had left many mountain people blind. In 1913 Pettit established the Pine Mountain Settlement School near Dillon,......
Hindorff, Richard (German agronomist)
...out the sultan’s rights. Germany was eager to exploit the resources of its new dependency, but lack of communications at first restricted development to the coastal area. The German agronomist Richard Hindorff’s introduction of sisal from Florida in 1892 marked the beginning of the territory’s most valuable industry, which was encouraged by the development of a railway from...
hindquarter (beef carcass)
...weighing 315 kilograms (63 percent yield of live weight). Beef carcasses are split into two sides on the slaughter floor. After chilling, each side is divided into quarters, the forequarter and hindquarter, between the 12th and 13th ribs. The major wholesale cuts fabricated from the forequarter are the chuck, brisket, foreshank, rib, and shortplate. The hindquarter produces the short loin,......
Hinds, Justin (Jamaican singer)
Jamaican reggae singer (b. May 7, 1942, Steer Town, Jam.—d. March 17, 2005, Steer Town), enjoyed a four-decade-long career that began in the 1960s when his group the Dominoes recorded the reggae classic “Carry Go Bring Come.” Hinds’s unique vocal style reflected his rural roots and sustained him as a solo act through the ska, rocksteady, and roots reggae periods. He sco...
Hind’s variable nebula (astronomy)
any of a class of very young stars having a mass of the same order as that of the Sun. So called after a prototype identified in a bright region of gas and dust known as the Hind’s variable nebula, the T Tauri stars are characterized by erratic changes in brightness. They represent an early stage in stellar evolution, having only recently been formed by the rapid gravitational condensation ...
hindsaddle (animal anatomy)
Live sheep averaging 45 kilograms yield 22-kilogram carcasses (50 percent yield of live weight). Lamb carcasses are divided into two halves, the foresaddle and hindsaddle, on the fabrication floor. The foresaddle produces the major wholesale cuts of the neck, shoulder, rib, breast, and foreshank. The hindsaddle produces the major wholesale cuts of the loin, sirloin, leg, and hindshank....
hindtoe (anatomy)
...is often but erroneously considered to be a poor relation of the hand. Although the toes in modern humans are normally incapable of useful independent movement, the flexor muscles of the big toe (hallux) are developed to provide the final push off in the walking cycle. Muscles of all three compartments of the modern human lower leg contribute to making the foot a stable platform, which......
Hindu (people)
...to arithmetical computations, because the digits—the numbers less than 20 or 60—were not represented by single symbols. The complete development of this idea must be attributed to the Hindus, who also were the first to use zero in the modern way. As was mentioned earlier, some symbol is required in positional number systems to mark the place of a power of the base not actually......
Hindu (religion)
...to arithmetical computations, because the digits—the numbers less than 20 or 60—were not represented by single symbols. The complete development of this idea must be attributed to the Hindus, who also were the first to use zero in the modern way. As was mentioned earlier, some symbol is required in positional number systems to mark the place of a power of the base not actually.......
Hindu calendar (religion)
dating system used in India from about 1000 bce and still used to establish dates of the Hindu religious year. It is based on a year of 12 lunar months; i.e., 12 full cycles of phases of the Moon. The discrepancy between the lunar year of about 354 days and the solar ...
Hindu College (university, Kolkata, India)
...of civilization, thought that better things could be achieved through the so-called English education. In 1817 these semirationalists, led by the celebrated reformer Ram Mohun Roy, founded the Hindu College in Calcutta, the alumni of which established a large number of English schools all over Bengal. The demand for English education in Bengal thus preceded by 20 years any government......