Nanofiltration
Membrane technology
The nano filtration technique is mainly used for the removal of two valued ions and the larger mono valued ions such as heavy metals. This technique can be seen as a coarse RO (reversed osmosis) membrane. Applications for NF systems are:
Typical membrane performance for NF membranes are 50% NaCl removed and 90% (or more) for CaSO4 There are two types of membranes:
The surfaces from the filter determine the capacity from the filter. Spiral membranes have l the biggest surface area in general and are therefore the most cheapest in use. The surface area from Tubular/ straw membranes is less in general. The pre purifying of the feedingwater has a influence on the performance of the installation. The need of pre purifying depends on the feedingwater quality. Installing pre cleaning has the following advantages:
besides pre cleaning, a chemical doses can be taken place to prevent scaling, precipitation on the surface from the membrane. A membrane system consists of several basic compounds:
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