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bristol type | freighter | pdf archive | 1946 | 0459 | Flight Archive
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Aviation History
1946
1946 - 0459.PDF
f ) MARCH 7TH, 1946 FLIGHT 235 Freighter and Wayfarer Bristol Type 170 Described : "Bread and Butter" Cargo or Passenger Aircraft : Simple Construction and Easy Maintenance I T is interesting and even useful to speculate sometimeson the lines which civil aircraft development mighthave taken had aviation been left to "fly by itself," and had there not been two major wars to force, the growth along certain definite channels. In all probability design might have become stabilised in two particular directions. A series of high-efficiency aircraft might have been devel- oped for long-range travel at very much more than surface first-class fares, but the vast majority of aircraft in use would have been '' bread-and-butter'' types intended to carry a maximum load at the lowest possible fares over comparatively short distances. While the former series would be used only for long-distance travel and mail-carry- ing, the latter would have done all the short-distance work and been used on slower short- stage services over the longer distances where speed was not of paramount im- portance and where costs must necessarily be kept down. The ordinary member of the public has now, rightly or wrongly, been taught to expect the benefits of all the items which contribute to sheer aero- dynamic effi- ciency. There is, in fact, a tendency to lose touch with realities when planning civil aircraft. Although speed— provided that stage-lengths are carefully planned—is by no means as expensive as it was once thought to be, it is still very costly when used unnecessarily over stage-lengths shorter than, say, 800-1,000 miles. No doubt there will be criticism of an aircraft which has all the appearance of being, from the design point of view, a step backwards, but there should also be an equal amount of praise for an effort in common sense and, for many purposes, necessary retrogression. The Bristol type 170 is not intended for work on long- PAYLOAD AND RANGE ESTIMATE ALL-UP WEIGHT-36.50OLB. ALLOWANCE HAS BEEN MADE FOR FUEL CONSUMED DURING TAKE-OFF » CUMB TO 5.000 FT. (25 GALLONS) stage well-prepared air routes, but for high-frequency ser- vices over comparatively short distances, and in circum- stances where it is essential that aircraft operation should be a financially favourable proposition. It was originally designed as a freighter pure and simple, and it was only later that its possibilities as a short-range passenger-carry- ing aircraft were considered. Every effort was made to provide adequate and useful internal volume so that the aircraft could be used for carrying the bulky cargo which has not previously been seriously considered by designers. During the war very considerable freight loads were carried by aircraft not designed for the purpose, and there was inevitably a considerable wastage of man-hours in the work of breaking down and rebuilding large items which could not be stowed or loaded in one piece, even though the air- craft might have been quite cap- able of carrying the load i n- volved. Since, also, there is not much object in providing ade- quate interior space if there is only a small and inconveni- ently placed side door, the de- signers of the Freighter have arranged the cargo entrance in the nose. The control cabin—now commonly known as the "flight deck"—is above the fuselage proper, so that it is not in the way and fully justifies its modern and some- what euphuistic designation. The passenger version, or Wayfarer, is also entirely similar to the Freighter, though the hydraulically operated doo'rs in the nose are replaced by a permanent shell, and the area concerned is parti- tioned off and can be used as a freight hold or as a steward's galley. Although not initially designed for passenger-carrying, many of the original features of the 170 will prove to be advantageous. TJie small ground angle, for instance, and 60OSAIL UMIT eoo 7po STATUTE MILES STILL - AIR RAI»Jt3E
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