Cardinals Created by Benedict XVI (2007)

Regent of Prefecture of the Papal Household (1991.08.22 – 1992.04.02)

Assessor for General Affairs of Secretariat of State (1992.04.02 – 1997.07.22)

Apostolic Nuncio to Venezuela (1997.07.22 – 2000.03.01)

Titular Archbishop of Novigrad (1997.07.22 – 2007.11.24)

Apostolic Nuncio to Mexico (2000.03.01 – 2000.09.16)

Substitute for General Affairs of Secretariat of State (2000.09.16 – 2007.06.09)

Prefect of Congregation for the Oriental Churches (2007.06.09 – ...)

Grand Chancellor of Pontifical Oriental Institute (2007.06.09 – ...)

Cardinal-Deacon of Ss. Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari (2007.11.24 [2007.12.02] – 2018.05.19)

Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – 2018.06.28)

Cardinal-Bishop of Ss. Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari (2018.06.28 – ...)

Cardinal Vice-Dean of College of Cardinals (2020.01.25 – ...)

President of Vatican Television Centre (1984.04.05 – 1989)

President of Pontifical Council for Social Communications (1984.04.05 – 2007.06.27)

President of Vatican Film Library (1984.04.05 – 2007.06.27)

Titular Archbishop of Neapolis in Proconsulari (1984.04.05 – 2007.11.24)

Pro-Grand Master of Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (2007.06.27 – 2007.12.22)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Sebastiano al Palatino (2007.11.24 [2007.11.27] – 2011.12.11)

Grand Master of Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (2007.12.22 – 2011.08.29)

Secretary of Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See (1988.10.03 – 1995.12.07)

Titular Archbishop of Cæsariana (1988.10.03 – 2007.11.24)

Apostolic Nuncio to Germany (1995.12.07 – 2003.10.07)

Secretary for Relations with States of Secretariat of State (2003.10.07 – 2006.09.15)

Secretary of Interdicasterial Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe (2004.06.08 – 2006.09.15)

President of Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State (2006.09.15 – 2011.10.01)

President of Governorate of Vatican City State (2006.09.15 – 2011.10.01)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria Liberatrice a Monte Testaccio (2007.11.24 [2008.01.27] – 2018.05.19)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria Liberatrice a Monte Testaccio pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – ...)

Auxiliary Bishop of Paderborn (Germany) (1975.10.27 – 1980.03.11)

Titular Bishop of Naissus (1975.10.27 – 1995.12.02)

Secretary of Pontifical Council for the Laity (1980.03.11 – 1995.12.02)

Titular Archbishop of Naissus (1995.12.02 – 2007.11.24)

President of Pontifical Council “Cor unum” (1995.12.02 – 2010.10.07)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Lorenzo in Piscibus (2007.11.24 [2008.05.11] – 2018.05.19)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Piscibus pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – ...)

Bishop of Massa Marittima–Piombino (Italy) (1990.07.25 – 1994.03.03)

Archbishop-Prelate of Loreto (Italy) (1996.11.09 – 2005.02.05)

Pontifical Delegate for the Shrine of the Holy House of Loreto (1996.11.09 – 2005.02.05)

Vice-President of Pontifical Academy of the Immaculate Conception (1997.10.31 – 2012.12.04)

Coadjutor Archpriest of Papal Basilica of St. Peter (2005.02.05 – 2006.10.31)

Vicar General for the Vatican City State of Roma (Italy) (2005.02.05 – 2021.02.20)

President of Fabric of St. Peter (2005.02.05 – 2021.02.20)

Archpriest of Papal Basilica of St. Peter (2006.10.31 – 2021.02.20)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Salvatore in Lauro (2007.11.24 [2008.05.24] – 2018.05.19)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Salvatore in Lauro pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – ...)

Titular Bishop of Novica (1995.12.20 – 2003.10.04)

Secretary of Pontifical Council for the Laity (1995.12.20 – 2003.10.04)

Titular Archbishop of Novica (2003.10.04 – 2007.11.24)

President of Pontifical Council for the Laity (2003.10.04 – 2016.09.01)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Cuore di Cristo Re (2007.11.24 [2008.05.30] – 2018.05.19)

Archpriest of Papal Basilica of St. Mary Major (2016.12.28 – ...)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Cuore di Cristo Re pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – ...)

Rector Magnificus of Salesian Pontifical University (1977 – 1983)

Secretary of Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences (1981 – 1989)

Undersecretary of Pontifical Council for Culture (1986 – 1991)

Rector Magnificus of Salesian Pontifical University (1991 – 1997)

Prefect of Vatican Apostolic Library (1997.05.25 – 2007.06.25)

Titular Bishop of Oderzo (2006.11.15 – 2007.06.25)

Titular Archbishop of Oderzo (2007.06.25 – 2007.11.24)

Archivist of Vatican Secret Archives (2007.06.25 – 2012.06.09)

Librarian of Vatican Apostolic Library (2007.06.25 – 2012.06.09)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Giovanni della Pigna (2007.11.24 [2008.04.05] – 2018.05.19)

President of Pontifical Commission for Reference on the Institute for Works of Religion (2013.06.24 – 2014.05.22)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Giovanni della Pigna pro hac vice Title (2018.05.19 – ...)

Titular Bishop of Nin (1985.03.20 – 1992.07.24)

Auxiliary Bishop of Madrid (Spain) (1985.03.20 – 1992.07.24)

General Secretary of Episcopal Conference of Spain (1988 – 1993)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Valencia (Spain) (1992.07.24 – 2009.01.08)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Marcello (2007.11.24 [2008.04.05] – 2011.05.01)

Coadjutor Archbishop of Armagh (Northern Ireland) (1994.12.13 – 1996.10.01)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Armagh (Northern Ireland) (1996.10.01 – 2014.09.08)

President of Irish Episcopal Conference (1996.10.01 – 2014.09.08)

Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Quirico e Giulitta (2007.11.24 [2008.01.16] – ...)

Titular Bishop of Algeciras (1987.11.06 – 1991.05.17)

Auxiliary Bishop of Barcelona (Spain) (1987.11.06 – 1991.05.17)

Bishop of Tortosa (Spain) (1991.05.17 – 1997.02.20)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Tarragona (Spain) (1997.02.20 – 2004.06.15)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Barcelona (Spain) (2004.06.15 – 2015.11.06)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Sebastiano alle Catacombe (2007.11.24 [2008.01.20] – ...)

Titular Bishop of Thibilis (1988.06.25 – 1999.04.21)

Auxiliary Bishop of Paris (France) (1988.06.25 – 1999.04.21)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Tours (France) (1999.04.21 – 2005.02.11)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Paris (France) (2005.02.11 – 2017.12.07)

Ordinary of France of the Eastern Rite (France) (2005.03.14 – 2017.12.07)

President of Bishops’ Conference of France (2007.11.05 – 2013.06.30)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Luigi dei Francesi (2007.11.24 [2008.04.27] – ...)

Bishop of Pesaro (Italy) (1998.01.03 – 2000.03.11)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Pesaro (Italy) (2000.03.11 – 2003.06.20)

Archbishop Military Ordinary of Italy (Italy) (2003.06.20 – 2006.08.29)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Genova (Italy) (2006.08.29 – 2020.05.08)

President of Episcopal Conference of Italy (2007.03.07 – 2017.05.24)

Cardinal-Priest of Gran Madre di Dio (2007.11.24 [2007.11.26] – ...)

Vice-President of Council of European Bishops’ Conferences (2011.10.02 – 2016.10.08)

President of Council of European Bishops’ Conferences (2016.10.08 – ...)

Bishop of Kaolack (Senegal) (1974.07.01 – 2000.06.02)

President of Conference of Bishops of Senegal, Mauritania, Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau (1987 – 2005)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Dakar (Senegal) (2000.06.02 – 2014.12.22)

President of Regional Episcopal Conferences of Western Francophone Africa (2003 – 2009.09.01)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Lucia a Piazza d’Armi (2007.11.24 [2008.04.06] – ...)

President of Regional Episcopal Conference of West Africa (2009.09.01 – 2016.02)

Titular Bishop of Bladia (1997.06.28 – 2000.09.07)

Auxiliary Bishop of Bombay (India) (1997.06.28 – 2000.09.07)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Agra (India) (2000.09.07 – 2006.10.14)

Second Vice-President of “Vox Clara” Committee (2002.04 – ...)

President of Conference of Catholic Bishops of India (2005 – 2011.01.12)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Bombay (India) (2006.10.14 – ...)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Paolo della Croce a «Corviale» (2007.11.24 [2008.05.10] – ...)

Vice-President of Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (2008.02.19 – 2010.03.01)

President of Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (2010.03.01 – 2014.02.12)

President of Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences (2011.10.21 [2012.01.01] – 2019.01.01)

President of Conference of Catholic Bishops of India (2013.02 – 2019.01.12)

Member of Council of Cardinals to assist in the governance of the Universal Church and to reform the Roman Curia (2013.04.13 – ...)

President of Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (2018.02.09 – ...)

Titular Bishop of Bossa (1991.04.30 – 1996.06.15)

Auxiliary Bishop of Toluca (Mexico) (1991.04.30 – 1996.06.15)

Bishop of Toluca (Mexico) (1996.06.15 – 2003.01.25)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Monterrey (Mexico) (2003.01.25 – 2011.12.07)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria della Presentazione (2007.11.24 [2008.10.25] – ...)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Guadalajara (Mexico) (2011.12.07 – ...)

President of Conferencia del Episcopado Mexicano (C.E.M.) (2012.11.14 – 2018.11.13)

Coadjutor Bishop of Sioux City (USA) (1997.08.19 – 1998.11.28)

Bishop of Sioux City (USA) (1998.11.28 – 2004.01.16)

Coadjutor Bishop of Galveston–Houston (USA) (2004.01.16 – 2004.12.29)

Coadjutor Archbishop of Galveston–Houston (USA) (2004.12.29 – 2006.02.28)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Galveston–Houston (USA) (2006.02.28 – ...)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Eusebio (2007.11.24 [2008.02.20] – ...)

Vice-President of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (2013.11.14 – 2016.11.15)

Member of Council for the Economy (2014.03.08 – 2019.03.08)

President of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (2016.11.15 – 2019.11.12)

Titular Bishop of Novi (2001.11.28 – 2007.03.21)

Auxiliary Bishop of São Paulo (Brazil) (2001.11.28 – 2007.03.21)

General Secretary of National Conference of Bishops of Brazil (2003 – 2007)

Metropolitan Archbishop of São Paulo (Brazil) (2007.03.21 – ...)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Andrea al Quirinale (2007.11.24 [2008.02.17] – ...)

Member of Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion (2008.02.24 – 2014.01.15)

Member of Council of Cardinals for the Study of Organisational and Economic Problems of the Apostolic See (2009.05.09 – 2014.02.24)

First Vice-President of Latin American Episcopal Council (2019.05.15 – ...)

Member of Council for the Economy (2020.08.06 – ...)

Bishop of Embu (Kenya) (1986.06.09 – 2002.03.09)

President of Kenya Conference of Catholic Bishops (1997 – 2003)

Coadjutor Archbishop of Nyeri (Kenya) (2002.03.09 – 2007.10.06)

Apostolic Administrator of Isiolo (Kenya) (2005 – 2006.01.25)

President of Kenya Conference of Catholic Bishops (2006 – 2015)

Apostolic Administrator of Murang’a (Kenya) (2006.11 – 2009.04.04)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Nairobi (Kenya) (2007.10.06 – 2021.01.04)

Cardinal-Priest of Preziosissimo Sangue di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo (2007.11.24 [2008.02.17] – ...)

Apostolic Administrator of Nyeri (Kenya) (2007.12 – 2008.04.19)

Titular Bishop of Palæopolis in Asia ([1962.12.07] 1962.12.26 – 1967.05.06)

Auxiliary Bishop of Babylon of the Chaldeans (Iraq) ([1962.12.07] 1962.12.26 – 1997)

Titular Archbishop of Kaškar of the Chaldeans (1967.05.06 – 2003.12.03)

Bishop of Curia of the Chaldeans (1997 – 2002.10.24)

Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans (Iraq) ([2003.12.03] 2003.12.03 – 2012.12.19)

President of Synod of the Chaldean Church (2003.12.03 – 2012.12.19)

President of Assembly of the Catholic Bishops of Iraq (2003.12.03 – 2012.12.19)

Cardinal-Patriarch (2007.11.24 – 2014.04.08)

Assessor for General Affairs of Secretariat of State (1975.11.19 – 1979.12.01)

Titular Archbishop of Serta (1979.12.01 – 2007.11.24)

Apostolic Nuncio to Czech Republic (1990.06.30 – 2001.05.19)

Apostolic Nuncio to Slovakia (1993.01.01 – 1994.03.02)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Lino (2007.11.24 [2008.01.27] – 2016.05.16)

Titular Bishop of Castro (1977.06.06 – 1983.01.19)

Auxiliary Bishop of Córdoba (Argentina) (1977.06.06 – 1983.01.19)

Coadjutor Archbishop of Paraná (Argentina) (1983.01.19 – 1986.04.01)

Apostolic Administrator sede plena of Paraná (Argentina) (1983.01.19 – 1986.04.01)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Paraná (Argentina) (1986.04.01 – 2003.04.29)

President of Episcopal Conference of Argentina (1996 – 2002)

Cardinal-Priest of Beata Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires (2007.11.24 [2008.02.02] – ...)

Rector Magnificus of Pontifical Gregorian University (1980.11 – 1986)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Ponziano (2007.11.24 [2008.01.13] – 2010.11.22)

Rector Magnificus of Pontifical Lateran University (1991 – 1995)

Cardinal-Deacon of Ss. Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia (2007.11.24 – 2009.04.01)