瀕死 體驗
經歷 NDE 嘅病人 因 為 受咗好重 嘅傷(例 如嚴重 嘅撞車事故 ),或 者 有 致命 性 嘅病發作 (例 如心臟 驟停)而接近 死亡 ;事實 係 ,個 病人 直 頭 心 跳 停 咗,而且個 腦 停止 咗活動 -醫學 上 算 經 已 死 咗,但 多 得 醫 護 人員 全力 搶救,個 病人 最後 救 得 返 ;事後 個 病人 會話 自己 喺死咗嗰段 期間 經歷 過 奇 怪 嘅經驗 ,話 自己 見 到 自己 靈魂 離 開 身體 ,經過 一條盡頭有光嘅隧道,跟住仲 見 到 耶穌等 嘅宗教 人物 或 者 過 咗身嘅親友 嘅靈魂 ;而且有 啲病人 仲 話 NDE期間 見 到 醫 護 人員 搶救佢哋令 佢哋返 生 ,甚至能 夠準確 噉講返 出 醫 護 人員 喺嗰段 期間 做嘅嘢[3]。
NDE 引起咗廣泛辯
詞 源
[Near-death experience 呢隻
- near-death experience
-
概論
[共通 特徵
[意識 到 自己 經 已 死 咗,覺 得 自己 離 開 咗世界 ,不 過 感 到 平安 同 唔覺得 痛 ,情緒 上 偏向 正面 。靈魂 出 竅[歐 6],意識 到 自己 處 於身體 嘅外面 ,有 陣 時 仲 會見 到 醫 護 人員 喺度全力 搶救佢哋嘅樣。隧道 體驗 [歐 7]-覺 得 自己 升 緊天,或 者 通過 一條黑暗嘅隧道。急速 噉移向 一道 光 ,見 到 一 個 光 靈 或 者 光 存在 體 [歐 8],個 光 靈 同 經歷 NDE 嘅人溝 通 -呢個光 靈 成 日 俾經歷 NDE 嘅人稱 為 「上帝 」[21]。感覺 到 (嚟自光 靈 )無條件 嘅愛 同 接 納 [22]。遇 到 若干 個 光 靈 或 者 著 住 白 衫嘅靈 (成 日 俾人描述為 天使 ),又 有 啲 NDE經歷 者 會 遇 到 過 咗身嘅親友 嘅靈魂 ,而呢啲靈魂 講 一啲佢哋理應唔知嘅嘢俾佢哋聽。人生 審 視 [歐 9]-一剎那間重新睇返自己人生經歷過嘅一切。自己 或 者 身邊 嘅光靈 決定 自己 應 該返去 人世 ,好 多 時 個人 會 覺 得 唔想返 去 。最後 感覺 到 自己 突然 間 返 咗入去 自己 嘅身體 嗰度[23]。
階段
[感 到 平安 ;同 身體 分離 ;進入 黑 暗 之 中 ;見 到 光 ;進入 道 光之 中 。
影響
[出現 率
[瀕死 研究
[睇埋
[文獻
[- James Alcock. (1979). Psychology and Near-Death Experiences. Skeptical Inquirer 3: 25–41.
- Lee Worth Bailey; Jenny Yates. (1996). The Near-Death Experience: A Reader. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-91431-0
- Blackmore, Susan (2002). "Near-Death Experiences". In Shermer, Ed. M. (ed.). The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience. Santa Barbara, CA.: ABC-Clio. pp. 152–157. ISBN 9781576076538.
- Choi, Charles Q. (September 12, 2011). "Peace of Mind: Near-Death Experiences Now Found to Have Scientific Explanations". Scientific American.
- Engmann, Birk (2014). Near-death experiences : heavenly insight or human illusion?. Imprint: Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-03727-1.
- Shermer, Michael (April 1, 2013). "Proof of Hallucination". Scientific American. 308 (4): 86. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0413-86. PMID 23539795.
- Woerlee, G.M. (May 2004). "Darkness, Tunnels, and Light". Skeptical Inquirer. 28 (3).
- Lommel, Pim van (2010). After life : a scientific approach to near-death experiences (1st ed.). New York: HarperOne. ISBN 978-0-06-177725-7.
- Schlieter, Jens (2018). What is it like to be dead? : Near-death experiences, Christianity, and the Occult times (Hardcover ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-088884-8.
引咗
[- ↑ Pim van Lommel (2010). Consciousness Beyond Life: The science of the near-death experience. HarperOne.
- ↑ Evelyn Elsaesser Valarino (1997). On the Other Side of Life: Exploring the phenomenon of the near-death experience. Perseus Publishing. p. 203.
- ↑ Griffith, LJ (2009). "Near-death experiences and psychotherapy". Psychiatry (Edgmont). 6 (10): 35-42.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sleutjes, A; Moreira-Almeida, A; Greyson, B (2014). "Almost 40 years investigating near-death experiences: an overview of mainstream scientific journals". J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 202 (11): 833–6.
- ↑ Vanhaudenhuyse, A.; Thonnard, M.; Laureys, S. (2009). "Towards a Neuro-scientific Explanation of Near-death Experiences?". In Vincent, Jean-Louis (ed.). Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- ↑ PROOF OF HEAVEN: A DOCTOR'S EXPERIENCE WITH THE AFTERLIFE. Newsweek.
- ↑ French, Christopher C. (2005-01-01). Near-death experiences in cardiac arrest survivors. Progress in Brain Research. 150. pp. 351–367.
- ↑ Blanke, Olaf (2009). The Neurology of Consciousness. London: London: Academic Publishers, 2009. pp. 303–324.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Holden, Janice Miner; Greyson, Bruce; James, Debbie, eds. (Jun 22, 2009). "The Field of Near-Death Studies: Past, Present and Future". The Handbook of Near-Death Experiences: Thirty Years of Investigation. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 1–16.
- ↑ Egger, Victor (1896). "Le moi des mourants", Revue Philosophique, XLI : 26–38.
- ↑ J. Bogousslavsky, M. G. Hennerici, H Bazner, C. Bassetti (Eds.) (2010). Neurological Disorders in Famous Artists, Part 3. Karger Publishers. p. 189.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Greyson, Bruce (2014). "Chapter 12: Near-Death Experiences". In Cardeña, Etzel; Lynn, Steven Jay; Krippner, Stanley (eds.). Varieties of anomalous experience : examining the scientific evidence (Second ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. pp. 333–367.
- ↑ Gholipour, Bahar (July 24, 2014). "Oldest Medical Report of Near-Death Experience Discovered". Live Science.
- ↑ Green, C., Out-of-the-body Experiences, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1968.
- ↑ Schlieter, Jens (2018). What is it like to be Dead? Near-death Experiences, Christianity, and the Occult. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 205 - 206.
- ↑ Greyson, Bruce (2003) "Near-Death Experiences in a Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic Population". Psychiatric Services, December, Vol. 54 No. 12. The American Psychiatric Association.
- ↑ Holden, Janice Miner; Greyson, Bruce; James, Debbie, eds. (2009). The handbook of near-death experiences thirty years of investigation. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers.
- ↑ Kennard, Mary J. "A Visit from an Angel." The American Journal of Nursing, 98.3 (1998): 48–51.
- ↑ Morse, M; Conner, D; Tyler, D (June 1985). "Near-death experiences in a pediatric population. A preliminary report". Am. J. Dis. Child. 139 (6): 595–600.
- ↑ 17 NEAR-DEATH EXPERIENCE ACCOUNTS FROM "BEYOND THE LIGHT".
- ↑ Lovins, LaDonna. "Three Beings of Light". iands.org.
- ↑ Long, Dr Jeffrey (2016-06-29). "Opinion | Stories of God's love common among those who almost die, says doctor who studies them". Washington Post.
- ↑ Moody, Raymond (1975). Life After Life. Mockingbird Books.
- ↑ Ring, K. (1980). Life at death: A scientific investigation of the near-death experience. New York: Coward, McCann, & Geoghegan., p. 40
- ↑ "What happens when you die? Scientists attempt to find out how similar near-death experiences really are 互聯
網 檔案館 嘅歸 檔,歸 檔日期 2019年 12月22號 ,.". Newsweek. - ↑ 26.0 26.1 Greyson, B (May 1997). "The near-death experience as a focus of clinical attention". J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 185 (5): 327-34.
- ↑ Zingrone, NL (2009). Pleasurable Western adult near-death experiences: features, circumstances, and incidence. (In: Holden JM, Greyson B, James D, editors. The Handbook of Near-Death Experiences: Thirty Years of Investigation.) (2009 ed.). SantaBarbara, CA: Praeger/ABC-CLIO. pp. 17–40.
- ↑ Ring, Kenneth. Heading toward Omega. In search of the Meaning of Near-Death Experience, 1984, p. 45. "Subsequent research on suicide-related NDEs by Stephen Franklin and myself [Ring] and by Bruce Greyson has also confirmed my earlier tentative findings the NDEs following suicide attempts, however induced, conform to the classic prototype."
- ↑ Morse M, Castillo P, Venecia D, Milstein J, Tyler DC. (1986) "Childhood near-death experiences". American Journal of Diseases of Children, Nov; 140(11):1110–4.
歐 詞
[拎
[- (
香港 繁 體 )瀕死 體驗 館